Histopathological kidney changes and myoglobinuria in neotropical non-human primates attacked by dogs, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Non-human primates (NHPs) are susceptible to dogs' attacks, events that may cause muscle damage along with stress, and could be in some extent compatible with capture myopathy, a syndrome that results in myoglobinuria and renal damage. METHODS: We aimed to evaluate by histopathology pre-existing lesions and subsequent sequelae related to dogs' attacks, acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and myoglobinuria, as well as the usefulness of Pearls Stain and IHC to diagnose it. Histopathology was performed in available organs, and sections of kidney submitted to Prussian blue stain and myoglobin immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: During January 2014-June 2016, 16/145 (11%) of NHPs received by Adolfo Lutz Institute, Brazil were reported as attacked by dogs. A high frequency of young and debilitated animals was found. Myoglobinuria was observed in more than half animals (9/16; 56.2%), from which (5/9; 55.5%) presented ATN. CONCLUSIONS: Kidney lesions are plausible findings in NHPs attacked by dogs.

Rabdomiólisis: patogenesia, aspectos y tratamiento clínicos / Rhabdomyolisis: pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment

La raabdomiólisis es un sindrome causado por la lesión en el músculo esquelético y la resultante liberación del contenido de las células musculares (mioglobina, potasio, fosfato, etc.) dentro del plasma. 5...El diagnóstico de rabdomiólisis queda establecido por una marcada elevación de la CPK sérica mayor a 10.000UI/L. El tratamiento tiene como objetivo prevenir la insuficiencia renal aguda, la cual es la complicación más grave de este sindrome.(AU)

Effects of melatonin administration to rats with glycerol-induced acute renal failure.

Melatonin, the pineal hormone with antioxidative properties was administered to rats with glycerol-induced myoglobinuric acute renal failure (Gly-ARF). This model is characterized by acute tubular necrosis mediated by heme-iron oxidative stress. Rats received melatonin (20 mg/kg) concomitant and 3 h after glycerol injection. Gly-ARF rats showed at 24 h a 78% reduction in glomerular filtration rate, whereas this decrement was significantly reduced to 35% in the melatonin treated Gly-ARF rats. Tubular function evaluated by tubular reabsorption of sodium and lithium was also preserved in melatonin treated rats. The histologic analysis revealed extensive cortical tubular necrosis that was significantly reduced by melatonin treatment. The renal concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased 6 h after glycerol injection in Gly-ARF and this elevation was prevented when melatonin was administered. Renal concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) was decreased at 6 h in Gly-ARF and melatonin did not reverse this decrease. It was concluded that melatonin administration attenuated the renal injury in the glycerol model of acute renal failure and reduced kidney oxidative stress through a GSH-independent mechanism.