Osmium-Tellurium Nanozymes for Pentamodal Combinatorial Cancer Therapy.

Although nanoparticles based on Group 8 elements such as Fe and Ru have been developed, not much is known about Os nanoparticles. However, Os-based nanostructures might have potential in various applications including biomedical fields. Therefore, in this study, we synthesized Os-Te nanorods (OsTeNRs) by solvothermal galvanic replacement with Te nanotemplates. We explored the nanozymatic activity of the synthesized OsTeNRs and found that they exhibited superior photothermal conversion and photocatalytic activity. Along with chemotherapy (regorafenib) and immunotherapy, the nanozymatic, photothermal, and photodynamic activities of OsTeNRs were harnessed to develop a pentamodal treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the pentamodal therapy could alleviate hypoxia in HCC cells by generating oxygen and reduced unintended drug accumulation in organs. Moreover, bone-marrow toxicity due to regorafenib could be reduced as the drug was released in a sustained manner. Thus, OsTeNRs can be considered as suitable nanotemplates for combinatorial cancer therapy.

Cross sections for (n, 2n), (n, p) and (n, ) reactions on osmium isotopes in the neutron energy range of 13.5-14.8 MeV.

Cross sections for (n, 2n), (n, p) and (n, alpha) reactions on the osmium isotopes were measured in the neutron energies 13.5-14.8 MeV by the activation technique with the monitor reaction (93)Nb(n, 2n)(92 m)Nb. Our measurements were carried out by gamma-detection using a coaxial high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. Natural high-purity osmium powder (99.9%) was fabricated as the samples. The neutron energies were determined by the cross-section ratios for (93)Nb(n, 2n)(92 m)Nb and (90)Zr(n, 2n)(89 m+g)Zr reactions. The fast neutrons were produced by the T(d, n)(4)He reaction. The results obtained were compared with previous data.