Types of orbital osteoma - A descriptive analysis.

AIMS: This study describes different types of orbital osteoma based on clinical per-operative morphology and radiological findings to facilitate communication between ophthalmologists and surgical management for a better patient outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the Orbit and Oculoplastics Department of Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from July 1, 2001 to June 30, 2014. A retrospective analysis of 520 diagnosed orbital tumours who presented to us was carried out and the prevalence of orbital osteoma was determined. The sampling technique was non-randomized sampling. Based on the clinical morphology observed during surgical intervention as well as the radiological findings of the orbital osteoma, a simple yet useful description of orbital osteoma was introduced. RESULTS: The retrospective analysis of 520 diagnosed orbital tumours revealed a prevalence of 2.3% (n = 12) of orbital osteoma. Based on our observation of the 12 (n = 12) cases of orbital osteoma, we have classified orbital osteoma into a combination of seven types: "sessile" or broad-based osteoma; "pedunculated" or mushroom osteoma with a thin cylindrical stalk of origin; "dumb-bell"-shaped osteoma with the simultaneous presence in orbital and adjoining sinus/nasal cavity; "wrapped" osteoma, covered by a thin cartilaginous layer; "naked" osteoma, without any such covering; "homogenous" or uniformly dense osteoma; and "heterogeneous", soft-dense osteoma with varying areas of density. CONCLUSION: This study attempts to introduce a simple description of different types of orbital osteoma based on clinical per-operative morphology and radiological findings for the first time to facilitate the surgical removal of orbital osteoma.

Ostéomes maxillo-mandibulaires : épidémiologie, diagnostic, classification et thérapeutique au centre hospitalier et universitaire de Yaoundé (Cameroun)

Cette étude rétrospective a porté sur les ostéomes, sur une durée de quatre ans au CHU de Yaoundé. En tenant compte des données cliniques et des comptes rendus opératoires, les patients dont les dossiers jugés satisfaisants pour remplir les critères d'inclusions ont été retenus.Il est apparu que les ostéomes sont peu fréquents dans notre contexte puisqu'ils ne représentent que 12,6 % des tumeurs osseuses. Ils se développent lentement et sans douleurs aux maxillaires comme à la mandibule. Cependant ils se localisent préférentiellement aux maxillaires. Ces ostéomes sont plus fréquents chez la femme et touchent surtout les adultes jeunes. Les diagnostics cliniques, radiologiques et histologiques sont assez aisés, permettant de classer les ostéomes en exostose et en énostose (endostose) selon qu'ils ont une évolution extra ou endosseuse. Le traitement est uniquement chirurgical et ne donne pas lieu aux récidives

Prevalence of osteoma cutis in the maxillofacial region and classification of its radiographic pattern in cone beam CT.

BACKGROUND: Osteoma cutis is a rare soft tissue ossification of cutaneous tissue and may be primary or secondary. In the majorityof cases it is clinically asymptomatic and may detected incidentally on radiographic examination. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has can be of great assistance in the detection of this asymptomatic lesion. OBJECTIVES: In this retrospective study, the prevalence and different radiographic appearance of osteoma cutis was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 6,500 CBCT images were evaluated for the presence of osteoma cutis. Ectopic existence of calcified tissue within the soft tissue of the dermis or epidermis that was incompatible with the calcification of other anatomic structures or soft tissue calcifications was considered to be osteoma cutis. Accordingly, the detected patterns were divided into four distinct groups: (1) a single nodule, (2) plate-like lesion, (3) single or multiple depth lesion(s), trans-epidermal, and (4) multiple, disseminated lesions of various sizes known as multiple miliary. The data were evaluated in terms of prevalence and variations. The frequency, total prevalence, percentage and the prevalence of different radiographic forms of this lesion were calculated. RESULTS: One hundred and forty eight (2.27%) cases of 6,500 evaluated tomograms had osteoma cutis. Of these, 5 (0.07%) were in the form of a single nodule, 4 (0.06%) were single, plate-like lesions, 7 (0.1%) were multiple plate-like lesions, 2 (0.03%) were in the form of a deep thread-like lesion, and 130 (2%) presented as multiple disseminated lesions. CONCLUSION: According to the radiographic views, osteoma cutis may be categorized into single nodular, single or multiple plate- like, deep, and multiple disseminated forms. Of the mentioned radiogarphic patterns, the multiple disseminated form (miliary) hada higher prevalence in our study. CBCT images enable accurate evaluation of the nature and frequency of osteoma cutis.

Tuberculosis osteoarticular y osificaciones heterotópicas: reporte de un caso / Heterotopic ossification and osteoarticular tuberculosis: case report

La osificación heterotópica es una condición patológica que conduce al desarrollo de hueso en el tejido blando. En la piel se denomina osteoma cutis. Estas lesiones se clasifican en primarias o secundarias. Las causas secundarias constituyen el 85% y son consecuencia de enfermedades inflamatorias, infecciones, tumores, traumatismos, lesiones de médula espinal y cirugías. Si bien la osificación heterotópica es benigna e infrecuente, puede ser una enfermedad debilitante que, asociada a dolor y rigidez, provoque mayor comorbilidad en relación con la enfermedad que la desencadenó. Comunicamos el caso de un paciente que padeció osteoma cutis asociado a tuberculosis osteoarticular

Heterotopic ossification is a patologic condition that leads bone formation in soft tissue. In particular, osteoma curtis, which can be primary or secundary, occurs when ossification if found in the skin. Secondary lessions account 85% of the cases described and they are by inflammatory diseases, infections, tumors, traumas, spinal cord lesions and surgeries. Whereas heterotopic ossification is benign and rare, it may result in wasting sickness that in combination with pain and stiffness, adding comorbidity to the disease that triggers. We report here a patient suffering osteomas cutis and osteoarticular tuberculosis. (AU)

Peripheral osteoma of the mandible: case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Osteoma is a benign often asymptomatic neoplasm, consisting of well-differentiated mature bone. This paper reports a case of peripheral osteoma located in the anterior mandibular region and provides a review of the literature about this lesion in the jaws. PATIENT AND METHODS: A 43-year-old white woman presented with a swelling in the left mandible of 7 years duration. The English literature was reviewed over the past 76 years and data about location, histopathology and number of the peripheral osteomas, sex, and age of the patients were evaluated. RESULTS: Data analysis showed 69 well-documented cases of peripheral osteoma. Peripheral osteomas are more frequent in the mandible than the maxilla and the cancellous type was most frequent; males and females are equally affected in the mandible; the age range was 9-85 years. CONCLUSION: The peripheral type of osteoma is most common in the lower jaws, occurs at the surface of the cortical bone and is sessile or pedicled.

Osteoma gigante mastoideo / No disponible

Los osteomas de mastoides son tumores óseos benignos de crecimiento lento y escasa frecuencia. Habitualmente son asintomáticos, siendo la deformidad estética su única manifestación y la causa de la indicación quirúrgica. Presentamos el caso clínico de un varón que presentabauna gran tumoración retroauricular y otra frontal de pequeño tamaño compatibles con el diagnóstico de osteoma

The osteomas of the mastoids are slow growing benign bone tumors of infrecuent occurance. Usually these tumors are asymptomatic, with cosmetic deformities as the only manifestation and cause for surgery. In this clinical case, we present a man with a large retroauricular tumor and a small frontal tumor. Both of the man's tumors are compatible with the diagnosis of osteoma

Osteomas miliares múltiples de la piel / Multiple miliary osteomas of the skin

Se presentan dos pacientes con osteomas miliares múltiples de localización facial, ambas con idénticas características. Los osteomas cutis son pocos frecuentes; debe distinguirse si se trata de osteomas cutis primarios o secundarios. El mecanismo exacto de la formación de tejido óseo extraesquelético es desconocido (AU)

Cranial osteomas: their classification and management. Report on a giant osteoma and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Cranial osteomas are regarded by some as very common; yet their classification, symptomatology, and management have been neglected. METHODS: We report on a giant enostotic convexity osteoma and have reviewed the medical literature. RESULTS: A new comprehensive classification for cranial osteomas is proposed: (1) intraparenchymal, (2) dural, (3) skull base, and (4) skull vault. The latter is in turn, subdivided into exostotic and enostotic variants. Three symptom producing enostotic convexity osteomas have been reported in the world literature. We also describe a giant enostotic skull vault osteoma and propose an original surgical technique used to successfully resect this unusual tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Most cranial osteomas are asymptomatic and need not be resected. Those that are symptomatic should be managed properly. Their excision, if nor properly performed, may lead to unforeseen cerebral complications.

Osteoma cutâneo / Osteoma cutis

Caso de paciente do sexo feminino com osteoma cutâneo, que näo sabe definir a data exata de início das lesöes. Seu aspecto clínico é típico e de localizaçäo freqüente em face. Classificado como osteoma primário, pois apesar do rastreamento laboratorial e aspecto clínico, näo foi possível determinar os fatores precipiytantes. Visto tratar-se de patologia relativamente rara, decidiu-se pela publicaçäo, realizando breve pesquisa bibliográfica, seguida pela descriçäo do caso

Benign tumors of the jaws.

There are a variety of types of benign tumors of the jaws, ranging from tumors developed from the odontogenic tissues to regular osseous tumors and dysplasias. During the last 20 years, the World Health Organization classification on odontogenic tumors, neoplasms, and lesions related to bone has been used. This year, a revised edition will appear, and this review has been based on the revised edition. A number of good articles have been published during the period of review (late 1988 to early 1991). An attempt has been made to extract the essence of these papers.

So called "fibro-osseous lesions" of tumorous origin. Biology confronts terminology.

The terms "fibro-osteo-cemental lesions" or "ossifying" and "cementifying fibromas" are confusing and should be discarded and replaced by clear and distinct terminology based on clinically, radiologically and histopathologically observable and reproducible characteristics. Histogenetic features and biological potential rather than tumour tissue products alone should be regarded as the basis for nomenclature. A classification of "fibro-osseous lesions" and three tumorous entities which have been defined by the terms "periodontoma", "psammous desmo-osteoblastoma" and "trabecular desmo-osteoblastoma" are presented and illustrated. These proposed entities go some way to bridge the gap between clinical diagnosis on the one hand and morphological and descriptive diagnosis on the other.

Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws.

During the 15 years since the author's 1970 paper on fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws, the subject has continued to interest the clinician and pathologist. Several new entities have been delineated during this period, and new concepts and controversies regarding the diagnosis and management of these lesions have arisen. A classification of fibro-osseous jaw lesions that the author has found to be workable is presented, and criteria for their diagnosis and management based on the authors' experience is discussed.

[Classification of benign tumors and cysts of the jaws]. / Classification des tumeurs bénignes et kystes des maxillaires.

On the basis of 324 cases of maxillary tumours, the authors review the classification of these neoplasms. The most frequent tumours are benign epithelial odontogenic tumours, which represent 55% of all tumours. The most common of these tumours is the ameloblastoma, followed by the odontomas. Most of the tumours of non-dental origin are benign (72% of this group). Amongst the malignant tumours, osteosarcomas are much more common than chondrosarcomas. The authors also discuss the various types of cyst and their respective relative frequency.

Cutaneous osteomas: a clinical and histopathologic review.

In 20 000 consecutive skin biopsies we found 35 cutaneous osteomas. Ten were primary while 25 appeared secondary to another abnormality. Associated with ossification were Malherbe's calcifying epithelioma, basal cell carcinoma, nevus cell nevus, appendageal and fibrous proliferations, inflammation, trauma, and calcification. Cutaneous bone formation appears to be either a hamartomatous or metaplastic phenomenon.