RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fistulas, sinus or cysts which trace back to anomalies of the first branchial cleft are seldom compared to lateral neck cysts and fistulas. For their accurate diagnosis and safe treatment special embryological and anatomical knowledge is necessary. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Embryology, anatomy, diagnosis and therapy are described and explained by 2 case studies in context to the current literature. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sonography and contrast-enhanced radiological methods represent the fundamental pillar of the diagnosis. Therapeutically, the complete extirpation is the first choice. Surgeries on children, patients with extended fistulas and special cases of fistula routes require particular carefulness. In certain cases with pronounced findings and low levels of symptoms a "wait-and-see" strategy can be justified. Surgically, protection of the facial nerve and prevention of recurrences are the greatest challenge.
Assuntos
Região Branquial/anormalidades , Adolescente , Adulto , Região Branquial/embriologia , Região Branquial/cirurgia , Branquioma/diagnóstico , Branquioma/embriologia , Branquioma/cirurgia , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Meato Acústico Externo/cirurgia , Otopatias/diagnóstico , Otopatias/embriologia , Otopatias/cirurgia , Orelha Externa/cirurgia , Traumatismos do Nervo Facial/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Fístula/diagnóstico , Fístula/embriologia , Fístula/cirurgia , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/prevenção & controle , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/prevenção & controle , Orofaringe/patologia , Orofaringe/cirurgia , Otite Externa/etiologia , Otite Externa/cirurgia , Otorrinolaringopatias/diagnóstico , Otorrinolaringopatias/embriologia , Otorrinolaringopatias/cirurgia , Neoplasias Otorrinolaringológicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Otorrinolaringológicas/embriologia , Neoplasias Otorrinolaringológicas/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The authors propose an update on cervicofacial congenital cysts and fistulas' symptomatology. Embryological data, epidemiology and clinical manifestations are described. A reminder of the therapeutic principles is proposed as well as the evolution of these congenital pathologies, which may or may not involve the branchial system. branchial.
