Utilização do software IRAMUTEQ em pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa: relato de experiência / Uso del software IRAMUTEQ en investigación cualitativa: informe de experiencia / Use of IRAMUTEQ software in qualitative research: an experience report

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de utilização do software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ) como ferramenta informatizada de apoio à análise de dados textuais em uma pesquisa qualitativa em saúde. Método: tratou-se do relato de experiência acontecida entre março e junho de 2019, a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida por meio do Método Criativo-Sensível e com o uso do IRAMUTEQ. Participaram puérperas e familiares de recém-nascidos de uma instituição hospitalar pública localizada na cidade de Rio das Ostras no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Resultados: foi possível constatar que as diferentes técnicas de análise lexical disponíveis no IRAMUTEQ permitiram discriminar, claramente, os conteúdos semânticos referentes às pretensões dos cuidadores sobre os cuidados a serem desempenhados com o recém-nascido em casa. Conclusão: essa ferramenta informatizada mostrou-se útil, adequada e fidedigna, qualificando o processo de análise textual.

Objective: to report the experience of using the software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ) as a computerized tool to support the analysis of textual data in qualitative research in health. Method: this was an experience report that took place between March and June 2019, based on qualitative research developed through the Creative-Sensitive Method and using IRAMUTEQ. Newborns and family members of newborns from a public hospital located in the city of Rio das Ostras in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, participated in the study. Results: it was possible to verify that the different lexical analysis techniques available in IRAMUTEQ allowed to discriminate the semantic contents referring to the caregivers' claims about the care to be performed with the newborn at home. Conclusion: this computerized tool proved to be useful, adequate, and reliable, qualifying the textual analysis process.

Objetivo: reportar la experiencia del uso del software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ) como una herramienta computarizada para apoyar el análisis de datos textuales en una investigación cualitativa en salud. Método: se trata de un relato de experiencia que se llevó a cabo entre marzo y junio de 2019, con base en una investigación cualitativa desarrollada a través del Método Creativo-Sensible y utilizando IRAMUTEQ. Participaron recién nacidos y familiares de recién nacidos de un hospital público ubicado en la ciudad de Rio das Ostras en el estado de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Resultados: se pudo constatar que las diferentes técnicas de análisis léxico disponibles en IRAMUTEQ permitieron discriminar claramente los contenidos semánticos referidos a las afirmaciones de los cuidadores sobre el cuidado a realizar con el recién nacido en el domicilio. Conclusión: esta herramienta computarizada resultó ser útil, adecuada y confiable, calificando el proceso de análisis textual.

Use of theory to guide development and application of sensor technologies in Nursing.

Sensor technologies for health care, research, and consumers have expanded and evolved rapidly. Many technologies developed in commercial or engineering spaces, lack theoretical grounding and scientific evidence to support their need, safety, and efficacy. Theory is a mechanism for synthesizing and guiding knowledge generation for the discipline of nursing, including the design, implementation, and evaluation of sensors and related technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning. In this paper, three nurse scientists summarize their presentations at the Council for the Advancement of Nursing Science 2019 Advanced Methods Conference on Expanding Science of Sensor Technology in Research discussing the theoretical underpinnings of sensor technologies development and use in nursing research and practice. Multiple theories with diverse epistemological roots guide decision-making about whether or not to apply sensors to a given use; development of, components of, and mechanisms by which sensor technologies are expected to work; and possible outcomes.

The ethics of sensor technology use in clinical research.

Sensor-based technologies are used today in clinical practice, research, and for monitoring people's health in homes across the United States. Although the increasing growth and complexity of such technologies promises both direct and indirect benefits, significant ethical concerns are raised. We discuss several of these concerns, particularly those that arise in clinical research and outline ethical considerations that pertain to the concept of informed consent, participants' understanding of risks and benefits and the need for tailored and accessible information that will enable participants to fully understand research implications. Balancing the benefits with the potential risks of advanced information technology will require ethically astute researchers who can address the challenges that might arise while advancing knowledge with innovation that can improve the lives of patients and families.

The Impact of the Electronic Health Record on Moving New Evidence-Based Nursing Practices Forward.

BACKGROUND: Anecdotal reports from across the country highlight the fact that nurses are facing major challenges in moving new evidence-based practice (EBP) initiatives into the electronic health record (EHR). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to: (a) learn current processes for embedding EBP into EHRs, (b) uncover facilitators and barriers associated with rapid movement of new evidence-based nursing practices into the EHR and (c) identify strategies and processes that have been successfully implemented in healthcare organizations across the nation. METHODS: A qualitative study design was utilized. Purposive sampling was used to recruit nurses from across the country (N = 29). Nine focus group sessions were conducted. Semistructured interview questions were developed. Focus groups were conducted by video and audio conferencing. Using an inductive approach, each transcript was read and initial codes were generated resulting in major themes and subthemes. RESULTS: Five major themes were identified: (a) barriers to advancing EBP secondary to the EHR, (b) organizational structure and governing processes of the EHR, (c) current processes for prioritization of EHR changes, (d) impact on ability of clinicians to implement EBP and (e) wait times and delays. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: Delays in moving new EBP practice changes into the EHR are significant. These delays are sources of frustration and job dissatisfaction. Our results underscore the importance of a priori planning for anticipated changes and building expected delays into the timeline for EBP projects. Moreover, nurse executives must advocate for greater representation of nursing within informatics technology governance structures and additional resources to hire nurse informaticians.

Reflexiones sobre la competencia investigadora en la especialidad de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria / Reflections on research competence in Family and Community Nursing

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Los aportes del enfoque biográfico narrativo para la generación de conocimiento en Enfermería / The contributions of narrative biographical approach for generating nursing knowledge

Este artículo tiene como propósito presentar las posibilidades de la investigación con enfoque biográfico narrativo para el conocimiento en enfermería, el cual ha tenido su mayor desarrollo a partir de la lógica deductiva propia del paradigma positivista que acompañó su nacimiento como disciplina. Para ello, se presenta una panorámica de los fundamentos epistemológicos, ontológicos, praxiológicos y metodológicos del enfoque, así como sus usos en enfermería a partir del rastreo de investigaciones realizadas en los últimos años, mostrando las posibilidades que ofrece y las preguntas potenciales que pueden ayudar a resolver en relación con el cuidado de la vida

This article has the purpose to present the possibilities of research with biographical narrative approach to nursing knowledge, which has had its greatest development from the own deductive logic of the positivist paradigm that accompanied its birth as a discipline. To do this, an overview of and epistemological, ontological, praxiológical and methodological approach and its uses in nursing starting from tracking researches conducted in recent years is presented , showing the possibilities that offer and potential questions that can help resolve regarding life care

Por qué y cómo realizer diseños multimétodo en investigación en salud. Una experiencia concreta / Why, and how, undertake mixed methods design in health research: a concrete experience

El uso de mezcla de métodos para abordar problemas de salud genera un mayor conocimiento de la realidad al obtener un análisis más completo del problema que se investiga. Este hecho se basa en que las respuestas a las preguntas que se formulan son tan subjetivas como los propios individuos, siendo necesario, por lo tanto, datos cuantitativos y cualitativos para una aproximación más real y completa al objeto del estudio. ObjetivO: Reflexionar sobre esta metodología mediante un ejemplo práctico. SínteSiS. Explicamos, a través del Programa Educativo Participativo Centrado en el Paciente de Cirugía Oncológica Colorrectal (mezcla de métodos multistrand, secuencial y mezclado en cada una de sus tres fases), en qué consiste esta metodología y sus ventajas. La segunda fase del estudio emerge de los resultados de la primera, y así sucesivamente. Al final del estudio surge un metarresultado que da sentido y respuesta al estudio en su totalidad. COnCluSión. A pesar de los retos que supone, la mezcla de métodos nos ofrece una perspectiva más precisa del fenómeno de estudio; nos ayuda a formular el planteamiento del problema y la forma más apropiada para estudiarlo; y, por último, se apoyan con mayor solidez las inferencias científicas (AU)

The use of mixed methods to address health problems generates more knowledge of reality to get a more complete analysis of the problem under investigation. This is based on the fact that the answers to the questions posed are as subjective as the individuals themselves. In that way, it is necessary quantitative and qualitative data for comprehensiveness (a more realistic and comprehensive approach to the object of the study). Objective.Reflect on this methodology through a practical example. SyntheSiS. We explain, through Participatory Education Program Focused on Colorectal Cancer Surgery Patient (mixed methods research project: multistrand, sequential and mixed in each of its three phases), what is this methodology and its advantages. The second phase of the study emerges from the results of the first one, and so on. At the end of the study a metaresult, that gives meaning and response to the study in its entirety, arises. cOncluSiOn. Despite the challenges, mixed methods gives us a more accurate perspective of the phenomenon of study; It helps us to formulate the problem statement and the most appropriate way to study it; and finally, the scientific inferences obtained are more solidly supported (AU)

Twitter and Health Science Research.

Twitter is a communication platform that can be used to conduct health science research, but a full understanding of its use remains unclear. The purpose of this narrative literature review was to examine how Twitter is currently being used to conduct research in the health sciences and to consider how it might be used in the future. A time-limited search of the health-related research was conducted, which resulted in 31 peer-reviewed articles for review. Information relating to how Twitter is being used to conduct research was extracted and categorized, and an explanatory narrative was developed. To date, Twitter is largely being used to conduct large-scale studies, but this research is complicated by challenges relating to collecting and analyzing big data. Conversely, the use of Twitter to conduct small-scale investigations appears to be relatively unexplored.

Instrument development and validation of a quality scale for historical research papers (QSHRP): a pilot study.

AIM: To report a pilot study for the development and validation of an instrument to measure quality in historical research papers. BACKGROUND: There are no set criteria to assess historical papers published in nursing journals. DESIGN: A three phase mixed method sequential confirmatory design. METHODS: In 2012, we used a three-phase approach to item generation and content evaluation. In phase 1, we consulted nursing historians using an online survey comprising three open-ended questions and revised the items. In phase 2, we evaluated the revised items for relevance with expert historians using a 4-point Likert scale and Content Validity Index calculation. In phase 3, we conducted reliability testing of the instrument using a 3-point Likert scale. RESULTS: In phase 1, 121 responses were generated via the online survey and revised to 40 interrogatively phrased items. In phase 2, five items with an Item Content Validity Index score of ≥0·7 remained. In phase 3, responses from historians resulted in 100% agreement to questions 1, 2 and 4 and 89% and 78%, respectively, to questions 3 and 5. CONCLUSION: Items for the QSHRP have been identified, content validated and reliability tested. This scale improves on previous scales, which over-emphasized source criticism. However, a full-scale study is needed with nursing historians to increase its robustness.

An integrative research review of instruments measuring religious involvement: implications for nursing research with African Americans.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many instruments in which religious involvement is measured often (a) contain unclear, poorly developed constructs; (b) lack methodological rigor in scale development; and (c) contain language and content culturally incongruent with the religious experiences of diverse ethnic groups. The primary aims of this review were to (a) synthesize the research on instruments designed to measure religious involvement, (b) evaluate the methodological quality of instruments that measure religious involvement, and (c) examine these instruments for conceptual congruency with African American religious involvement. METHODS: An updated integrative research review method guided the process (Whittemore & Knafl, 2005). RESULTS: 152 articles were reviewed and 23 articles retrieved. Only 3 retained instruments were developed under methodologically rigorous conditions. All 3 instruments were congruent with a conceptual model of African American religious involvement. CONCLUSIONS: The Fetzer Multidimensional Measure of Religious Involvement and Spirituality (FMMRS; Idler et al., 2003) was found to have favorable characteristics. Further examination and psychometric testing is warranted to determine its acceptability, readability, and cultural sensitivity in an African American population.

Essential elements of questionnaire design and development.

AIMS: The aims of this paper were (1) to raise awareness of the issues in questionnaire development and subsequent psychometric evaluation, and (2) to provide strategies to enable nurse researchers to design and develop their own measure and evaluate the quality of existing nursing measures. BACKGROUND: The number of questionnaires developed by nurses has increased in recent years. While the rigour applied to the questionnaire development process may be improving, we know that nurses are still not generally adept at the psychometric evaluation of new measures. This paper explores the process by which a reliable and valid questionnaire can be developed. METHODS: We critically evaluate the theoretical and methodological issues associated with questionnaire design and development and present a series of heuristic decision-making strategies at each stage of such development. The range of available scales is presented and we discuss strategies to enable item generation and development. The importance of stating a priori the number of factors expected in a prototypic measure is emphasized. Issues of reliability and validity are explored using item analysis and exploratory factor analysis and illustrated using examples from recent nursing research literature. CONCLUSION: Questionnaire design and development must be supported by a logical, systematic and structured approach. To aid this process we present a framework that supports this and suggest strategies to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the new and developing measure. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: In developing the evidence base of nursing practice using this method of data collection, it is vital that questionnaire design incorporates preplanned methods to establish reliability and validity. Failure to develop a questionnaire sufficiently may lead to difficulty interpreting results, and this may impact upon clinical or educational practice. This paper presents a critical evaluation of the questionnaire design and development process and demonstrates good practice at each stage of this process.

Instrumentos basados en medidas directas II: SIIPS y SIGNO II / Instruments based on direct measures II: SIIPS and SIGN II

Este artículo tercero de una serie de diez, describe el SIIPS (SoinsIndividualisés à la Personne Soignée), y el Proyecto Signo II, quejunto con el PRN (Projet de Recherche en Nursing) descrito en elnúmero anterior, constituyen los tres instrumentos basados enmedidas directas del tiempo consumido en el cuidado de lospacientes, enmarcados en un ámbito de atención hospitalaria noespecializada. El SIIPS analiza los requerimientos de cuidados porparte del paciente basándose en las necesidades básicas descritaspor Virginia Henderson. Las necesidades requeridas, se agrupan entres actos de cuidado dispensados por las enfermeras (actos de cuidadosbásicos, de cuidados de relación y educación, y de cuidadostécnicos). El proyecto Signo II tiene como propósito definir un catálogode productos de Enfermería, determinar los criterios y nivelesde homologación de la Enfermería moderna y establecer los criteriosbásicos para diseñar un soporte informático de gestión

This is the third article of a series of ten describing the SIPPS(Soins Individualisés à la Personne Soignée) and the SIGN II project,which together with the PRN project (Project de Rechercheen Nursing), described in the last issue, constitute the threeinstruments based on direct measures of the time used in patientcare in a non-specialised hospital care setting. SIPPS analysespatient care requirements on the basis of the needs described byVirginia Henderson. The required needs are grouped in threecare actions carried out by the nurses (basic care actions, relationaland educational actions and technical care actions). TheSIGN II project is intended to define a catalogue of nursing productsand to establish basic criteria to design a management softwaresupport system

Instrumentos basados en medidas directas I: Projet Recherche in Nursing (PRN) / Instruments based on direct measurements I: Projet Recherche in Nursing (PRN)

Este artículo, segundo de una serie de diez, cuyo objetivo es difundirlos resultados de una revisión sistemática sobre los sistemas de medidade las cargas de Enfermería, describe el PRN (Projet Recherche inNursing) como instrumento de medición directa. Los instrumentosbasados en medidas directas del tiempo consumido en el cuidado delos pacientes se basan en una descripción exhaustiva de las actividadesde cuidado, ponderadas de acuerdo con el tiempo de ejecuciónde la acción. Estos instrumentos miden el tiempo de cuidado a partirde las actividades de cuidado que se han realizado o se prevé realizara un paciente durante un periodo de tiempo determinado.El enfoque de medición de la carga de trabajo en el PRN se basaen la medida de varios componentes: los cuidados directos e indirectosrequeridos, las transmisiones o comunicaciones referentesal paciente, las actividades administrativas y de mantenimiento ylos desplazamientos no relacionados con el paciente en el interiorde una unidad de cuidados

This article, second of a series of ten, the objective of which is todisseminate the results of a systematic revision on the systemsthat measure the nursing load, describes the PRN project (ProjectRecherche in Nursing) as a direct measurement tool. Instrumentsbased on direct measurement of the time consumed in the care ofpatients are based on an exhaustive description of the care activitiesundertaken, weighted according to the execution time of theaction. These instruments measure the care time from the care activitiesthat were performed or are to be performed on a given patientduring a given period of time.The approach to measure the work load in the PRN system isbased on the measurement of several components: direct and indirectcare required, transmissions or communications referring topatients, administrative duties, maintenance duties, and the goingfrom place to place within the care unit for things unrelated withthe patient