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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of silver and iodine dressings on healing time, healing rate, exudate amount, pain and anti-infective efficacy. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL were surveyed up to May 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials comparing silver and iodine dressings on wound healing in humans. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Evidence certainty was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Data extraction was done independently by two reviewers, with the risk of bias assessed using the Cochrane tool. Narrative synthesis was performed to evaluate the effects of silver and iodine dressings on healing time, healing rate, pain, exudate amount and anti-infective efficacy. Meta-analysis using Review Manager V.5.4 calculated standardised mean differences for healing time and relative risks for rate to quantify the impacts of the treatments. RESULTS: 17 studies (18 articles) were included. The meta-analysis indicated that silver dressings significantly reduced healing time compared with iodine dressings (SMD=-0.95, 95% CI -1.62 to -0.28, I2=92%, p=0.005, moderate-quality evidence), with no significant difference in enhancing healing rate (RR=1.29, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.85, I2=91%, p=0.16, low-quality evidence). Based on low-quality evidence, for exudate amount (3/17), 66.7% (2/3) of the studies favoured silver dressings over iodine in reducing exudate volume. For pain (7/17), 57.1% (4/7) of the studies reported no significant difference between silver and iodine dressings, while 42.9% (3/7) studies indicated superior pain relief with silver dressings. For anti-infective efficacy (11/13), 54.5% (6/11) of the studies showed equivalence between silver and iodine dressings, while 36.4% (4/11) suggested greater antibacterial efficacy for silver. CONCLUSION: Silver dressings, demonstrating a comparable healing rate to iodine dressings, significantly reduce healing time, suggesting their potential as a superior adjunct in wound care. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020199602.
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Anti-Infecciosos Locais , Bandagens , Iodo , Cicatrização , Humanos , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Iodo/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Prata/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Bloodstream infections are a significant threat to soldiers wounded in combat and contribute to preventable deaths. Novel and combination therapies that can be delivered on the battlefield or in lower roles of care are urgently needed to address the threat of bloodstream infection among military personnel. In this manuscript, we tested the antibacterial capability of silver ions (Ag+), with long-appreciated antibacterial properties, against ESKAPEE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter species, and Escherichia coli) pathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the GENESYS (RAIN LLC) device to deliver Ag+ to Gram-positive and Gram-negative ESKAPEE organisms grown in broth, human blood, and serum. Following the Ag+ treatment, we quantified the antibacterial effects by quantifying colony-forming units. RESULTS: We found that Ag+ was bactericidal against 5 Gram-negative organisms, K pneumoniae, A baumannii, P aeruginosa, E cloacae, and E coli, and bacteriostatic against 2 Gram-positive organisms, E faecium and S aureus. The whole blood and serum inhibited the bactericidal activity of Ag+ against a common agent of bloodstream infection, P aeruginosa. Finally, when Ag+ was added in conjunction with antibiotic in the presence of whole blood, there was no significant effect of Ag+ over antibiotic alone. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirmed that Ag+ has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. However, the therapeutic value of Ag+ may not extend to the treatment of bloodstream infections because of the inhibition of Ag+ activity in blood and serum.
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Antibacterianos , Prata , Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/métodos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Chronic wounds are susceptible to bacterial infections and at high risk of developing antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Silver is an antimicrobial by targeting almost all types of bacteria in chronic wounds to reduce the bacterial load in the infected area and further facilitate the healing process. This study focused on exploring whether silver-based dressings were superior to non-silver dressings in the treatment of chronic wounds. PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were comprehensively searched from inception to March 2024 for randomized clinical trials and observational studies. The endpoints in terms of wound healing rate, complete healing time, reduction on wound surface area and wound infection rate were analysed using Review Manager 5.4 software. A total of 15 studies involving 5046 patients were eventually included. The results showed that compared with patients provided with non-silver dressings, patients provided with silver-based dressings had higher wound healing rate (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.10-1.85, p = 0.008), shorter complete healing time (MD: -0.96, 95% CI: -1.08 ~ -0.85, p < 0.00001) and lower wound infection rate (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.40-0.79, p = 0.001); no significant difference in the reduction on wound surface area (MD: 12.41, 95% CI: -19.59-44.40, p = 0.45) was found. These findings suggested that the silver-based dressings were able to enhance chronic wound healing rate, shorten the complete healing time and reduce wound infection rate, but had no significant improvement in the reduction on wound surface area. Large-scale and rigorous studies are required to confirm the beneficial effects of silver-based dressings on chronic wound healing.
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Bandagens , Prata , Cicatrização , Humanos , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Prata/uso terapêutico , Prata/farmacologia , Doença Crônica , Infecção dos Ferimentos/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Compostos de Prata/uso terapêutico , Compostos de Prata/farmacologiaRESUMO
The repair of infected wounds is a complex physiopathologic process. Current studies on infected wound treatment have predominantly focused on infection treatment, while the factors related to delayed healing caused by vascular damage and immune imbalance are commonly overlooked. In this study, an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like dynamic and multifunctional hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel with antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and angiogenic capabilities was designed as wound dressing for the treatment of infected skin wounds. The dynamic network in the hydrogel dressing was based on reversible metal-ligand coordination formed between sulfhydryl groups and bioactive metal ions. In our design, antibacterial silver and immunomodulatory zinc ions were employed to coordinate with sulfhydrylated HA and a vasculogenic peptide. In addition to the desired bioactivities for infected wounds, the hydrogel could also exhibit self-healing and injectable abilities. Animal experiments with infected skin wound models indicated that the hydrogel dressings enabled minimally invasive injection and seamless skin wound covering and then facilitated wound healing by efficient bacterial killing, continuous inflammation inhibition, and improved blood vessel formation. In conclusion, the metal ion-coordinated hydrogels with wound-infection-desired bioactivities and ECM-like dynamic structures represent a class of tissue bionic wound dressings for the treatment of infected and chronic inflammation wounds.
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Dermatite , Infecções , Ligantes , Hidrogéis/química , Zinco/química , Zinco/uso terapêutico , Cátions/química , Prata/química , Prata/uso terapêutico , Cicatrização , Dermatite/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções/tratamento farmacológico , Neovascularização Patológica , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Camundongos , Ratos , Linhagem CelularRESUMO
Due to the limitations of single-model tumor therapeutic strategies, multimodal combination therapy have become a more favorable option to enhance efficacy by compensating for its deficiencies. However, in nanomaterial-based multimodal therapeutics for tumors, exploiting synergistic interactions and cascade relationships of materials to achieve more effective treatments is still a great challenge. Based on this, we constructed a nanoplatform with a "triple-linkage" effect by cleverly integrating polydopamine (PDA), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and glucose oxidase (GOx) to realize enhanced photothermal therapy (PTT) and activatable metal ion therapy (MIT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. First, the non-radiative conversion of PDA under light conditions was enhanced by AgNPs, which directly enhanced the photothermal conversion efficiency of PDA. In addition, GOx reduced the synthesis of cellular heat shock proteins by interfering with cellular energy metabolism, thereby enhancing cellular sensitivity to PTT. On the other hand, H2O2, a by-product of GOx-catalyzed glucose, could be used as an activation source to activate non-toxic AgNPs to release cytotoxic Ag+, achieving activatable Ag+-mediated MIT. In conclusion, this nanosystem achieved efficient PTT and MIT for HCC by exploiting the cascade effect among PDA, AgNPs, and GOx, providing a novel idea for the design of multimodal tumor therapeutic systems with cascade regulation.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Glucose Oxidase , Indóis , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Terapia Fototérmica , Polímeros , Prata , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Prata/química , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Glucose Oxidase/metabolismo , Indóis/química , Indóis/farmacologia , Indóis/uso terapêutico , Animais , Terapia Fototérmica/métodos , Camundongos , Polímeros/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Fototerapia/métodos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos NusRESUMO
Conventional wound approximation devices, including sutures, staples, and glues, are widely used but risk of wound dehiscence, local infection, and scarring can be exacerbated in these approaches, including in diabetic and obese individuals. This study reports the efficacy and quality of tissue repair upon photothermal sealing of full-thickness incisional skin wounds using silk fibroin-based laser-activated sealants (LASEs) containing copper chloride salt (Cu-LASE) or silver nanoprisms (AgNPr-LASE), which absorb and convert near-infrared (NIR) laser energy to heat. LASE application results in rapid and effective skin sealing in healthy, immunodeficient, as well as diabetic and obese mice. Although lower recovery of epidermal structure and function was seen with AgNPr-LASE sealing, likely because of the hyperthermia induced by laser and presence of this material in the wound space, this approach resulted in higher enhancement in recovery of skin biomechanical strength compared to sutures and Cu-LASEs in diabetic, obese mice. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that AgNPr-LASEs resulted in significantly lower neutrophil migration to the wound compared to Cu-LASEs and sutures, indicating a more muted inflammatory response. Cu-LASEs resulted in local tissue toxicity likely because of effects of copper ions as manifested in the form of a significant epidermal gap and a 'depletion zone', which was a region devoid of viable cells proximal to the wound. Compared to sutures, LASE-mediated sealing, in later stages of healing, resulted in increased angiogenesis and diminished myofibroblast activation, which can be indicative of lower scarring. AgNPr-LASE loaded with vancomycin, an antibiotic drug, significantly lowered methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) load in a pathogen challenge model in diabetic and obese mice and also reduced post-infection inflammation of tissue compared to antibacterial sutures. Taken together, these attributes indicate that AgNPr-LASE demonstrated a more balanced quality of tissue sealing and repair in diabetic and obese mice and can be used for combating local infections, that can result in poor healing in these individuals.
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Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Pele , Cicatrização , Animais , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/complicações , Camundongos , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/patologia , Camundongos Obesos , Lasers , Obesidade/complicações , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Adesivos Teciduais/farmacologia , Adesivos Teciduais/uso terapêutico , Cobre/química , Prata/química , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Fibroínas/química , Fibroínas/farmacologia , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to measure the distribution of silver ion (Ag+), mineral recovery, and nanohardness in carious lesions and comprehensively evaluate the degree of dentin restoration. METHODS: Sixty human teeth with root caries were randomly assigned to the control, silver diammine fluoride (SDF) [Safo], and SDF+Glass ionomer cement (GIC) treatment [Safo+Fuji] groups. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was performed at five time points for each sample before/after treatment to evaluate mineral density within and around carious lesions. Three months following treatment, 12 samples were selected for synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence analysis to evaluate Ag+ distribution, while 15 samples were selected for nanoindentation. Data were analyzed using Dunnett's T3 test for micro-CT and Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni correction (p = 0.017) for nanoindentation. The correlation between hardness and mineral change was analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The Safo and Safo+Fuji groups showed significantly higher mineral recovery rates than did the control group (p < 0.001). In the Safo group, Ag+ accumulated in the deeper layers rather than the superficial layer of caries. In the Safo+Fuji group, Ag+ was found evenly distributed throughout caries, with only a few Ag+ detected in the GIC layer. Hardness in the Safo+Fuji group was significantly higher compared with the Safo group at depths in the range of 10-50 µm. CONCLUSION: In the presence of GICs, SDF exhibited high remineralization capacity when diffusing throughout carious lesions over time. Combined treatment with SDF and GIC could strengthen root dentin even in the presence of caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: We found that combination treatment with SDF and GIC could increase mineral density in caries and improve the hardness of the tooth structure compared with fluoride-based agents alone. These findings might pave the way for future clinical trials to determine the therapeutic potential of nanotechnology-based restorative materials.
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Cariostáticos , Dentina , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro , Dureza , Compostos de Amônio Quaternário , Cárie Radicular , Compostos de Prata , Prata , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Humanos , Cárie Radicular/tratamento farmacológico , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro/química , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro/uso terapêutico , Compostos de Prata/uso terapêutico , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodos , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/diagnóstico por imagem , Prata/uso terapêutico , Prata/química , Compostos de Amônio Quaternário/uso terapêutico , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Fluoretos Tópicos/uso terapêutico , Remineralização Dentária/métodos , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Espectrometria por Raios XRESUMO
Burn is a debilitating and devastating emergency with many physical and psychological sequelae. Essential steps in burn wound management include cleansing/wound debridement, application of topical antimicrobial and dressing of affected body areas. Objective of this study is comparison in effectiveness of Hydro-fiber Silver dressing and 1% silver sulfadiazine dressing in management of pediatric burn patients in terms of wound healing. After ethical approval, 264 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups. Patients were managed with hydro-fiber silver dressing in group A and 1% silver sulfadiazine dressing in group B. An experienced pediatric surgeon examined the wounds for re epithelialization and efficacy was labeled after 15 days. Out of 264 enrolled patients 148(56.06%) were males and 116(43.94%) were females. Mean age of patients was 3.73±2.34 years. Type of burn was Scald in 215(81.4%) patients and flame in 49(18.6%). Depth of burn was 2nd degree in 185(70.08%) patients and 3rd degree in 79(29.92%) patients. Mean TBSA was 19.93±9.62%. In group A the efficacy was achieved in 91(68.9%) patients whereas in group B the efficacy was achieved in 73(55.3%) patients (p-value<0.05). Hydro-fiber Silver dressing is significantly more efficacious as compared to 1% silver sulfadiazine dressing for treatment of pediatric burn.
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Bandagens , Queimaduras , Sulfadiazina de Prata , Humanos , Sulfadiazina de Prata/uso terapêutico , Sulfadiazina de Prata/administração & dosagem , Queimaduras/terapia , Queimaduras/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Resultado do Tratamento , Lactente , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/administração & dosagem , Prata/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
AIMS: To assess the impact of various cavity disinfectants PC-PDT (Phycocyanin activated by Photodynamic therapy), PC@AgNPs-PDT (Phycocyanin and silver nanoparticles activated by PDT), and Nd: YAG laser on the survival rate of S.mutans and the bond integrity of composite restoration METHODS: Sixty human mandibular molars that scored 4 and 5 based on ICDAS criteria were included. The infected dentin was removed while the CAD was preserved based on visual, tactile, and staining assessment. S.mutans were cultured on the CAD of twenty samples. All the specimens were indiscriminately distributed into four groups based on cavity disinfection (n=20 each includes n = 5 each group incubated with S.mutans) Group 1: CHX, Group 2: Nd:YAG laser, Group 3: PC-PDT and Group 4: PC@AgNPs-PDT. S.mutans survival rate was assessed for each group(n = 5). Forty samples underwent composite bonding for SBS and failure mode assessment using universal testing machine (UTM) and stereomicroscope. The calculations for the mean and standard deviation (SD) and their comparison among different groups were performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05) RESULTS: CAD surface treated disinfected with PC@AgNPs-PDT yielded the lowest survival rates (0.13 ± 0.05 CFU/ml) and highest SBS (17.23 ± 1.45 MPa). Group 1 (CHX) unveiled the highest survival rate of S.mutans (0.33 ± 0.12 CFU/ml). However, Group 2 (Nd:YAG Laser) (11.87 ± 0.67 MPa) presented the lowest SBS CONCLUSION: The combination of Phycocyanin loaded with silver nanoparticles and activated with Photodynamic therapy demonstrates the highest antimicrobial potential and bond strength of composite restorations.
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Cárie Dentária , Dentina , Lasers de Estado Sólido , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Fotoquimioterapia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes , Ficocianina , Prata , Streptococcus mutans , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Ficocianina/farmacologia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Cárie Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/microbiologia , Desinfecção/métodos , Resistência ao Cisalhamento , Dente MolarRESUMO
Silver nanoparticle dressings have gained popularity recently as a way to treat challenging wounds. Notwithstanding the properties of Ag-NPS (silver nanoparticles) described by several articles, there is a lack of clinical studies that guide healthcare professionals to specific and conscious use. In this case series, Ag-NPS dressing was tested on a randomized group of 10 patients with complex wounds requiring conservative treatment. Each case was analysed, recording the patient's history, the peculiar characteristics and the progressive changes in the wound. The wound bed and the quality of the peri-wound skin improved and a decrease in signs of infection was observed. The application of the dressing was simple and comfortable for the patient and it was appreciated for its sealing ability. A few capacity restrictions showed up: those should be read as elements to improve the indications for this peculiar dressing. The thin tissue matrix of the Ag-NPS dressing does not allow for massive absorption and also performs poorly in reducing little exudate. The reduction in wound width is also limited: reconstructive surgery was required in half of the enrolled patients to achieve wound healing.
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Queimaduras , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Prata , Humanos , Bandagens , Queimaduras/tratamento farmacológico , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Prata/uso terapêutico , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
The production of nanoparticles enhances the bioactivity of biological molecules for drug delivery to diseased sites. This study explains how silver nanoparticle (AgNP) coating enhanced the protection effects of vanillic acid in male diabetic rats with streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups (n = 6) for this investigation. The first group (G1) is untreated, whereas diabetes was induced in the other three groups through STZ injection. Diabetic rats that were not getting therapy were included in the second group (G2, STZ-positive), whereas the other diabetic rats were divided into the third group (G3, vanillic acid-treated) and the fourth group (G4, vanillic acid-coated AgNPs treated). The treatment lasted four weeks. In G2, the induction of diabetes significantly (at P = 0.05) increased in serum glucose, glycated proteins, renal indices, interleukin-6 (IL-6), K+, immunoglobulins, and lipid peroxidation, while decreased Ca++, Na+, and other antioxidants in the kidney tissue homogenate. In addition, pathological altered signs were present in the pancreas and kidneys of diabetic rats. The renal and pancreatic tissues were effectively enhanced by vanillic acid or vanillic acid-coated AgNPs, bringing them very close to their prediabetic conditions. Vanillic acid-coated AgNPs offered a stronger defense against STZ-induced diabetes and lessened the effects of hyperglycemia compared to ordinary vanillic acid. Additionally, using vanillic acid coated with silver nanoparticles greatly increased the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity and reduced inflammation when compared to using vanillic acid alone.
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Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Ratos , Masculino , Animais , Estreptozocina/farmacologia , Ácido Vanílico/farmacologia , Ácido Vanílico/uso terapêutico , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Estresse OxidativoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Activated carbon cloth (ACC), known as Zorflex dressing, has emerged as an innovative approach in managing bacterial infection in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) treatment. This pilot study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of Zorflex ACC dressing (Chemviron Carbon Cloth Division, UK) compared to standard silver-based dressing on DFUs. METHOD: An open label, comparative, randomised controlled trial enrolling patients who attended the diabetic foot clinic was conducted between August 2022 and August 2023. The primary endpoint was a difference of 20% in wound area reduction with the ACC dressing compared to silver-based dressing within eight weeks. The secondary endpoints were proportion of complete healing, time to healing and adverse events. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 40 patients. The mean wound reduction percentage at 8 weeks for patients in the ACC arm was 85.40±16.00% compared with 65.08±16.36% in the silver-based dressing arm. Complete healing was observed in six of 20 patients in the ACC arm compared to two of 20 in the silver-based dressing arm. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the ACC dressing promotes better ulcer healing in DFU patients than the silver-based dressing.
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Bandagens , Pé Diabético , Cicatrização , Humanos , Pé Diabético/terapia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Projetos Piloto , Prata/uso terapêutico , Carvão Vegetal/uso terapêutico , Carvão Vegetal/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Trichinellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease. The majority of currently available anti-trichinellosis medications exhibit inadequate efficacy. The efficacy of a natively prepared new formulation of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) was evaluated in the treatment of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) infection in mice alone and combined with multivitamin-mineral (MM). After investigating the product's biological and pharmacological characteristics, its therapeutic dose was estimated to be Ag-NPs at 21.5 mg/kg B.W. This dose was orally inoculated to experimentally infected mice at 3-5 days post-inoculation (dpi) against the mature worms, at 8-10 dpi against the newborn larvae, and at 33-35th dpi against the encapsulated larvae. Each treatment's efficacy was assessed by scarifying control and treated mice 3 days post-treatment. The drug alone or in supplement form has a high trichinocidal effect exceeding that of the reference drug. Early treatment (3-5 dpi) by Ag-NPs or Ag-NPs + MM and albendazole revealed high efficacy against the intestinal stage, reaching 93.3%, 94.7%, and 90.6% for the three treatments, respectively. The materials causing a significant (P-value < 0.001) decrease in the mean encapsulated larvae reached 86.61%, 89.07%, and 88.84%/gm of muscles using the three treatments, respectively. Moreover, all larvae extracted from Ag-NPs-treated groups failed to induce infection post-inoculation in new mice. Additionally, combining the material with MM proved to overcome the reversible adverse effects of silver material on the estimated redox parameters and liver and kidney biomarkers, denoting its ability to alleviate Ag-NP toxicity. In conclusion, the high trichinocidal effect of Ag-NPs against the adult and encapsulated larvae during a short inoculation period introduced Ag-NPs as an alternative to other nematicidal drugs.
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Nanopartículas Metálicas , Trichinella spiralis , Triquinelose , Camundongos , Animais , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Albendazol/uso terapêutico , Larva , Vitaminas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute the leading cause of death at the moment. More effective treatments to combat CVDs are urgently required. Recent advances in nanotechnology have opened the door to new avenues for cardiovascular health treatment. Silver nanotechnology's inherent therapeutic powers and wide-ranging applications have made it the center of focus in recent years. This review aims to analyze the chemical, physical, and biological processes ofproducing AgNPs and determine their potential utility as theranostics. Despite significant advances, the precise mechanism by which AgNPs function in numerous biological systems remains a mystery. We hope that at the end of this review, you will better understand how AgNPs affect the cardiovascular system from the research done thus far. This endeavor thoroughly investigates the possible toxicological effects and risks associated with exposure to AgNPs. The findings shed light on novel applications of these versatile nanomaterials and point the way toward future research directions. Due to a shortage of relevant research, we will limit our attention to AgNPs as they pertain to CVDs. Future research can use this opportunity to investigate the many medical uses of AgNPs. Given their global prevalence, we fully endorse academics' efforts to prioritize nanotechnological techniques in pursuing risk factor targeting for cardiovascular diseases. The critical need for innovative solutions to this widespread health problem is underscored by the fact that this technique may help with the early diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Prata , Humanos , Prata/uso terapêutico , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Cardiovasculares/efeitos dos fármacos , AnimaisRESUMO
Introduction: Silver-releasing dressings are used in the treatment of infected wounds. Despite their widespread use, neither the amount of silver released nor the potential in vivo toxicity is known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects and the amount of silver released from commercially available dressings with infected wounds. Methods: The review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies from 2002 through December 2022. The criteria were as follows: population (human patients with infected wounds); intervention (commercial dressings with clinical silver authorized for use in humans); and outcomes (concentrations of silver ions released into tissues and plasma). Any study based on silver-free dressings, experimental dressings, or dressings not for clinical use in humans should be excluded. According to the type of study, systematic reviews, experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational studies in English, Spanish, or Portuguese were considered. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the JBI critical appraisal tools. Studies that assessed at least 65% of the included items were included. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Results: 740 articles were found and five were finally selected (all of them quasi-experimental). Heterogeneity was found in terms of study design, application of silver dressings, and methods of assessment, which limited the comparability between studies. Conclusion: In vivo comparative studies of clinical dressings for control of infection lack a standardized methodology that allows observation of all the variables of silver performance at local and systemic levels, as well as evaluation of its cytotoxicity. It cannot be concluded whether the assessed concentrations of released silver in commercial dressings for the topical treatment of infected wounds are cytotoxic to skin cells. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022351041, PROSPERO [CRD42022351041].
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Prata , Infecção dos Ferimentos , Humanos , Bandagens , Bases de Dados Factuais , Íons , Prata/uso terapêutico , Prata/toxicidade , Infecção dos Ferimentos/terapiaRESUMO
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by a systemic inflammatory response to infection. Despite extensive research on its pathophysiology, effective therapeutic approaches remain a challenge. This study investigated the potential of resveratrol (RV) and silver nanoparticle-enhanced resveratrol (AgNP-RV) as treatments for sepsis-induced lung injury using a rat model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The study focused on evaluating changes in oxidative status (TAS, TOS, and OSI) and the expression of inflammatory and apoptotic markers (IL-1ß, TNF-α, P2X7R, TLR4, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2) in lung tissue. Both RV and AgNP-RV demonstrated potential in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, with AgNP-RV exhibiting greater efficacy than RV alone (p < 0.05). These findings were corroborated by histopathological analyses, which revealed reduced tissue damage in the RV- and AgNP-RV-treated groups. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of RV and, particularly, AgNP-RV in combating sepsis-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. It also underscores the promise of nanoparticle technology in enhancing therapeutic outcomes. However, further investigations are warranted to fully understand the mechanisms of action, especially concerning the role of the P2X7 receptor in the observed effects. Nonetheless, our research suggests that RV and AgNP-RV hold promise as novel strategies for sepsis management.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Estresse Oxidativo , Resveratrol , Sepse , Prata , Animais , Resveratrol/farmacologia , Resveratrol/uso terapêutico , Sepse/tratamento farmacológico , Sepse/complicações , Sepse/metabolismo , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Wistar , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Lesão Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Lesão Pulmonar/metabolismo , Lesão Pulmonar/patologia , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/patologia , Pulmão/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de DoençasRESUMO
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), a drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogen, is listed among the "critical" group of pathogens by the World Health Organization urgently needing efficacious antibiotics in the clinics. Nanomaterials especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity are tested in antimicrobial therapeutic applications. Pathogens rapidly develop resistance to AgNPs; however, the health threat from antibiotic-resistant pathogens remains challenging. Here we present a strategy to prevent bacterial resistance to silver nanomaterials through imparting chirality to silver nanoclusters (AgNCs). Nonchiral AgNCs with high efficacy against P. aeruginosa causes heritable resistance, as indicated by a 5.4-fold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) after 9 repeated passages. Whole-genome sequencing identifies a Rhs mutation related to the wall of Gram-negative bacteria that possibly causes morphology changes in resistance compared to susceptible P. aeruginosa. Nevertheless, AgNCs with laevorotary chirality (l-AgNCs) induce negligible resistance even after 40 repeated passages and maintain a superior antibacterial efficiency at the MIC. l-AgNCs also show high cytocompatibility; negligible cytotoxicity to mammalian cells including JB6, H460, HEK293, and RAW264.7 is observed even at 30-fold MIC. l-AgNCs thus are examined as an alternative to levofloxacin in vivo, healing wound infections of P. aeruginosa efficaciously. This work provides a potential opportunity to confront the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance by developing chiral nanoclusters.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Animais , Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Células HEK293 , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , MamíferosRESUMO
Medical dressings, as a cover for wounds, can replace damaged skin in the wound healing process to play a temporary barrier role, avoid or control wound infection, and provide a favorable environment for wound healing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for medical antimicrobial dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds. Although traditional polyurethane foam has been widely used in medical dressings, conventional polyurethane foams are primarily prepared using nonbiocompatible isocyanate-based compounds, which are potentially hazardous for both operators and applications in the medical field. Here, we propose nonisocyanate polyurethane foams naturally derived from lignin by enzymatic lignin alkylation, cyclic carbonation modification, and polymerization with diamine and the addition of a blowing agent. Silver nanoparticle solution was added during foaming to confer antimicrobial properties. This lignin-based nonisocyanate polyurethane/silver composite foam (named NIPU foam-silver) using a green synthesis method has good mechanical properties, which can be used to manufacture polyurethane/silver foams, and thermal and antimicrobial properties. Notably, NIPU foam-Ag showed more than 95% bactericidal efficacy against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus within 4 h. Evaluation of in vitro wounds in mice showed that this antimicrobial composite foam rapidly promotes wound healing and repairs damaged tissue. This suggests that this biobased biodegradable antimicrobial foam has significant scope for clinical applications in wound management.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Animais , Camundongos , Poliuretanos/farmacologia , Lignina/farmacologia , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Chitosan is known to inhibit the growth of many bacteria and fungi. Tissue conditioners are commonly used to prevent bone destruction under dentures. However, over time, these materials can become a suitable substrate for microbial growth. One approach to improving dental materials is the use of nanoparticles. This study examined the antifungal properties of chitosan and green technique-synthesized silver nanoparticles in combination with tissue conditioners. METHODS: Tissue conditioner materials were mixed with chitosan and silver nanoparticles at concentrations of 0.097%, 0.19%, and 0.37%, along with 1.25 ppm Nystatin, and their antimicrobial properties against Candida albicans were investigated. The growth rate was measured after 24 h of incubation at 37 °C. Non-parametric tests, such as the Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction, were used for data analysis after verifying that the groups did not have a normal distribution. RESULTS: Compared with the control and Nystatin groups, the Chitosan-silver groups showed a significant decrease in the number of CFUs of Candida albicans. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of chitosan and silver nanoparticles with tissue conditioner materials is a promising alternative for preventing and treating denture stomatitis. These findings suggest that using very small amounts of nanoparticles in dental materials could effectively prevent microbial growth, which could improve the longevity and efficacy of dental prosthetics and materials.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Quitosana , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Estomatite sob Prótese , Humanos , Nistatina/farmacologia , Nistatina/uso terapêutico , Quitosana/farmacologia , Quitosana/uso terapêutico , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/uso terapêutico , Estomatite sob Prótese/tratamento farmacológico , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Candida albicans , Materiais DentáriosRESUMO
This study was conducted to compare the impact of cinnamon silver nanoparticles (C-Ag-NPs) and cinnamon aqueous extract (CAE) on the total body weight (TBW), body weight gain (BWG), blood count (BC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density (LDL-C) and high-density (HDL-C) lipoprotein cholesterol, liver function enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) of normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. The CAE was administered to rats at different doses (50.0 and 100.0 mg/kg bw), whereas the C-Ag-NPs were ingested at doses of 25.0 and 50.0 mg/kg bw for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, the administration of high or low dosages of CAE or C-Ag-NPs to diabetic rats significantly reduced the FBG, TC, TG, and LDL-C and significantly increased the HDL-C compared with the diabetic control rats. The highest dose (50.0 mg/kg bw) of the C-Ag-NPs was the most efficient at significantly reducing (P < 0.05) the levels of all the analyzed parameters compared with the CAE. However, the treated and normal rats did not show any hypoglycemic activity after ingesting the CAE or C-Ag-NPs. Such effects were associated with considerable increases in their BWG. The diabetic rats that ingested the CAE or C-Ag-NPs showed a gradual decrease in their FBG, TC, LDL, and TG levels, but they were still higher than those in the normal rats. Furthermore, the C-Ag-NPs and CAE considerably enhanced the hepatic (GPT, GOT, ALP, and GGT) and antioxidant biomarker enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and GPx) in diabetic rats. Relative to the untreated diabetic control, the C-Ag-NPs were more effective than the CAE in the diabetic rats. The C-Ag-NPs exhibited a protective role against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in the diabetic rats and modulated their liver function enzyme biomarkers and antioxidant enzyme activities more than the CAE.