RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to investigate the perception of financial exploitation and its causes and consequences by older adults who have firsthand experience of being exploited. METHOD: Thirty-one cognitively healthy older adult participants aged 50 or older were drawn from the Finance, Cognition, and Health in Elders Study. In-depth, one-on-one interviews were conducted. Interview transcripts were analyzed using an iterative, data-driven, thematic coding scheme and emergent themes were summarized. RESULTS: Categories of financial exploitation included (a) investment fraud, (b) wage theft/money owed, (c) consumer fraud, (d) imposter schemes, and (e) manipulation by a trusted person. Themes emerged around perceived causes: (a) element of trust, (b) promise of financial security, (c) lack of experience or awareness, (d) decision-making, and (e) interpersonal dynamics. Perceived consequences included negative and positive impacts around (a) finances, (b) financial/consumer behaviors (c) relationships and trust, (d) emotional impact, and (e) future outlook. DISCUSSION: These narratives provide important insights into perceived financial exploitation experiences.
Assuntos
Vítimas de Crime/estatística & dados numéricos , Abuso de Idosos/estatística & dados numéricos , Fraude/estatística & dados numéricos , Roubo/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Vítimas de Crime/economia , Vítimas de Crime/legislação & jurisprudência , Abuso de Idosos/economia , Abuso de Idosos/legislação & jurisprudência , Fraude/legislação & jurisprudência , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Roubo/economia , Roubo/legislação & jurisprudência , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Medical practices are a ripe target for embezzlement.
Assuntos
Disciplina no Trabalho , Fraude/legislação & jurisprudência , Administração da Prática Médica/organização & administração , Roubo/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Administração da Prática Médica/economia , Texas , Roubo/economia , Roubo/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
We discuss how corruption affects access to antiretroviral therapies (ARVs) globally. Recent cases of theft of ARVs, collusion, and manipulation in procurement found in countries such as Central African Republic, Bangladesh, Malawi, and Guinea, show there is still much work to be done to reduce the risk of corruption. This includes addressing the structural weaknesses in procurement mechanisms and supply chain management systems of health commodities and medicines.
Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/provisão & distribuição , Comércio , Medicamentos Falsificados/provisão & distribuição , Países em Desenvolvimento , Saúde Global , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Roubo , Fármacos Anti-HIV/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Anti-HIV/economia , Comércio/economia , Medicamentos Falsificados/efeitos adversos , Medicamentos Falsificados/economia , Países em Desenvolvimento/economia , Custos de Medicamentos , Saúde Global/economia , Infecções por HIV/economia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Humanos , Métodos de Controle de Pagamentos , Roubo/economiaAssuntos
Cycadopsida/metabolismo , Ecossistema , Ciências Forenses/métodos , Roubo/prevenção & controle , Cycadopsida/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Espécies em Perigo de Extinção/estatística & dados numéricos , Extinção Biológica , Isótopos/análise , Padrões de Referência , África do Sul , Roubo/economiaRESUMO
We examine the relationship between income inequality, poverty, and different types of crime. Our results are consistent with recent research in showing that inequality is unrelated to homicide rates when poverty is controlled. In our multi-level analyses of the International Crime Victimization Survey we find that inequality is unrelated to assault, robbery, burglary, and theft when poverty is controlled. We argue that there are also theoretical reasons to doubt that the level of income inequality of a country affects the likelihood of criminal behaviour.
Assuntos
Crime/economia , Renda/estatística & dados numéricos , Pobreza/estatística & dados numéricos , Crime/estatística & dados numéricos , Homicídio/economia , Homicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Pobreza/psicologia , Roubo/economia , Roubo/estatística & dados numéricos , Violência/economia , Violência/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
This study has two goals. The first is to use Markov Switching models to identify and analyze the cycles in the unemployment rate and four different types of property-related criminal activities in the US. The second is to apply the nonparametric concordance index of Harding and Pagan (2006) to determine the correlation between the cycles of unemployment rate and property crimes. Findings show that there is a positive but insignificant relationship between the unemployment rate, burglary, larceny, and robbery. However, the unemployment rate has a significant and negative (i.e., a counter-cyclical) relationship with motor-vehicle theft. Therefore, more motor-vehicle thefts occur during economic expansions relative to contractions. Next, we divide the sample into three different subsamples to examine the consistency of the findings. The results show that the co-movements between the unemployment rate and property crimes during recession periods are much weaker, when compared with that of the normal periods of the US economy.
Assuntos
Recessão Econômica , Roubo/economia , Desemprego , Crime/economia , Humanos , Veículos Automotores , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Many empirical studies of the economics of crime focus solely on the determinants thereof, and do not consider the dynamic and cross-sectional properties of their data. As a response to this, the current paper offers an in-depth analysis of this issue using data covering 21 Swedish counties from 1975 to 2010. The results suggest that the crimes considered are non-stationary, and that this cannot be attributed to county-specific disparities alone, but that there are also a small number of common stochastic trends to which groups of counties tend to revert. In an attempt to explain these common stochastic trends, we look for a long-run cointegrated relationship between unemployment and crime. Overall, the results do not support cointegration, and suggest that previous findings of a significant unemployment-crime relationship might be spurious.
Assuntos
Roubo/economia , Desemprego , Crime , Estudos Transversais , Recessão Econômica , Humanos , Motivação , SuéciaRESUMO
This article uses cases studies of Dundee and Manchester to explain juvenile property-offending in terms of young people's use of objects and spaces in the period 1945-60. A composite picture is assembled of objects stolen, which reflects growth of the specifically "teenage" consumer market as well as continued significance of young people's contribution to family economies. Concerns about youth, property, and space were reported in newspapers in terms of vandalism and hooliganism. "Play" and "nuisance" were overlapping and contested categories; re-education of young people in the correct use of place, space, and property was a key aim of the postwar juvenile justice system.