Unusual neonatal case of superior mesenteric artery syndrome with Meckel's diverticulum and literature review.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare cause of duodenal obstruction which is characterized by compression of the duodenum due to narrowing of the space between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta. Incomplete duodenal obstruction due to SMAS in neonates is rarely reported in the literature. In this case, it is a full-term 2-day-old male with the complaint of recurrent vomiting starting soon after birth. The patient was diagnosed with SMAS and duodenoduodenostomy was performed. Accompanying Meckel's diverticulum was excised.

El síndrome de la arteria mesentérica superior (SMAS) es una causa rara de obstrucción duodenal que se caracteriza por la compresión del duodeno debido al estrechamiento del espacio entre la arteria mesentérica superior y la aorta. La obstrucción duodenal incompleta por SMAS en recién nacidos rara vez se informa en la literatura. En este caso se trata de un varón de 2 días nacido a término que presenta vómitos recurrentes desde poco después del nacimiento. El paciente fue diagnosticado de SMAS y se le realizó duodenoduodenostomía. Se extirpó el divertículo de Meckel que lo acompañaba.

[Wilkie syndrome as a diagnostic challenge in intestinal obstruction: case report]. / Síndrome de Wilkie como reto diagnóstico en obstrucción intestinal: reporte de caso.

Wilkie syndrome is a rare pathology that generates intestinal obstruction due to a decrease of the aortomesenteric angle compromising the third portion of the duodenum. We describe a case of an 18-year-old female patient, diagnosed with Wilkie syndrome, with clinical symptoms of intestinal obstruction and weight loss. The diagnosis was made with abdominal CT. Wilkie syndrome is a rare pathology, which becomes a diagnostic challenge because it presents a similar picture to other more common pathologies. We recommend that it should be suspected in the presence of duodenal obstruction.

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome in Anorexia Nervosa: A Case Report and a Systematic Revision of the Literature.

BACKGROUND: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare condition caused by the compression of the duodenum, which may occur in the case of fast weight loss. Currently, the relationship between superior mesenteric artery syndrome and anorexia nervosa is still unclear. The aim of this study is to identify the precocious clinical signs and symptoms of SMAS in patients affected by anorexia nervosa so as not to delay the diagnosis. METHODS: We present the clinical case of a young female patient with anorexia nervosa complicated by SMAS. We performed a literature review of SMAS in children affected by anorexia nervosa between 1962 and 2023, according to the PRISMA Extension Guide for Scoping Reviews. RESULTS: Reviewing the literature, 11 clinical cases were described for the pediatric age. The median age at diagnosis was 17 years (ranging from 13 to 18 years). The diagnosis of SMAS may be challenging as symptoms overlap those of anorexia, but it should be kept in mind mostly in cases of post-prandial abdominal pain, anxiety or depression, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. CONCLUSION: Even specific clinical symptoms may act as flag tags to drive attention to this rare but potentially fatal condition.

Dynamic ultrasonography for optimizing treatment position in superior mesenteric artery syndrome: Two case reports and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of duodenal obstruction by extrinsic compression between the SMA and the aorta (SMA-Ao). Although the left lateral recumbent position is considered effective in the treatment of SMA syndrome, individual variations in the optimal patient position have been noted. In this report, we present two elderly cases of SMA syndrome that exhibited rapid recovery due to ultrasonographic dynamic evaluation of the optimal position for each patient. CASE SUMMARY: Case 1: A 90-year-old man with nausea and vomiting. Following diagnosis of SMA syndrome by computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US) revealed the SMA-Ao distance in the supine position (4 mm), which slightly improved in the lateral position (5.7-7.0 mm) without the passage of duodenal contents. However, in the sitting position, the SMA-Ao distance was increased to 15 mm accompanied by improved content passage. Additionally, US indicated enhanced passage upon abdominal massage on the right side. By day 2, the patient could eat comfortably with the optimal position and massage. Case 2: An 87-year-old woman with vomiting. After the diagnosis of SMA syndrome and aspiration pneumonia by CT, dynamic US confirmed the optimal position (SMA-Ao distance was improved to 7 mm in forward-bent position, whereas it remained at 5 mm in the supine position). By day 7 when her pneumonia recovered, she could eat with the optimal position. CONCLUSION: The optimal position for SMA syndrome varies among individuals. Dynamic US appears to be a valuable tool in improving patient outcomes.

Acute superior mesenteric artery syndrome complicated by severe gastric, pancreatic and renal ischaemia.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare and potentially life-threatening cause of small bowel obstruction in which the superior mesenteric artery impinges on the third portion of the duodenum. SMAS is typically encountered in patients with low body fat and a history of rapid weight loss and is often diagnosed as a chronic or subacute condition. Here, we describe a case of a healthy adolescent boy without typical SMAS prodromal symptoms presenting with a severe, hyperacute proximal small bowel obstruction due to SMAS. Complications arising from massive gastric and duodenal distension, including gastric, pancreatic and renal ischaemia, necessitated emergent surgical intervention consisting of the duodenojejunostomy bypass with partial gastric resection. The patient recovered without significant lasting consequences.

Síndrome de Wilkie: caso clínico / Wilkie syndrome: case report

Resumen Introducción: El síndrome de Wilkie es una causa poco frecuente de obstrucción del tracto digestivo superior, se caracteriza por una disminución del ángulo aorto-mesentérico que resulta en compresión de la tercera porción del duodeno que produce síntomas obstructivos altos. Caso Clínico: Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 64 años, con historia de dolor abdominal, pirosis, saciedad precoz e intolerancia a la vía oral, en quien los estudios iniciales mostraron esofagitis, pero en quien los síntomas no mejoraron con el tratamiento clásico para enfermedad ácido péptica y en quien estudios imagenológicos adicionales sugerían el síndrome de Wilkie como causa de los síntomas. Discusión y Conclusión: Se trata de una patología que debe conocerse y considerar en paciente con historia de pérdida de peso, marcada intolerancia a la vía oral y falta de respuesta al manejo.

Introduction: Wilkie syndrome is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction, it is characterized by a decrease in the aorto-mesenteric angle that results in a compression of the third portion of the duodenum causing high obstructive symptoms. Case Report: We present the case of a 64-year-old woman, with a history of abdominal pain, heartburn, early satiety, and intolerance to the oral route, in whom initial studies showed esophagitis, but in whom symptoms did not improve with the classic treatment for peptic acid disease, additional imaging studies suggested Wilkie syndrome. Discussion and Conclusión: It is a pathology that must be known and suspected in patients with a history of weight loss, marked intolerance to oral intake, and lack of treatment response.

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome - An Uncommon Complication After Surgical Corrections of Spinal Deformities / Síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior - Uma complicação incomum após correções cirúrgicas de deformidades da coluna

Abstract Vascular compression of the third part of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery results in an unusual occlusion of the duodenal transit known as superior mesenteric artery syndrome. This syndrome can occur after surgeries to correct spinal deformities in a rate ranging from 0.5% to 4.7%. It results from a positional alteration of the artery emergency point due to a change in trunk length after surgery. It is associated with risk factors such as low body mass index and weight loss. Patients usually present with intestinal occlusion, abdominal pain, nausea, bilious vomiting, and early satiety. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome must be recognized early to institute an adequate treatment, which can be clinical (with gastric tube for decompression and nutritional support) or require a surgical procedure. Secondary complications related to superior mesenteric artery syndrome include delayed surgical and nutritional recovery, healing problems, and prolonged hospitalization. The present study aims to report a case of superior mesenteric artery syndrome in a patient with neuromuscular scoliosis secondary to a transverse myelitis who underwent surgical treatment for spinal deformity correction.

Resumo A compressão vascular da terceira parte do duodeno pela artéria mesentérica superior resulta no desenvolvimento de uma condição incomum de oclusão do trânsito duodenal conhecida como síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior. Este fenômeno pode acontecer após cirurgias de correção de deformidades da coluna, e sua taxa de ocorrência é de 0,5 a 4,7% dos casos. Isso ocorre em virtude da alteração do posicionamento do ponto de emergência da artéria, decorrente da mudança do comprimento do tronco após a cirurgia, e está associado a fatores de risco, como baixo índice de massa corpórea e perda ponderal. Os pacientes costumam se apresentar com um quadro de oclusão intestinal, com dor abdominal, náusea, vômito bilioso e saciedade precoce. O reconhecimento desta condição é importante para instituir o tratamento adequado, que varia do tratamento clínico, com sondagem e descompressão gástrica associados a suporte nutricional; à necessidade de abordagem cirúrgica. Complicações secundárias relacionadas à síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior incluem: recuperação cirúrgica e nutricional retardadas, problemas com a cicatrização e hospitalização prolongada. O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso de síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior, ocorrido em um paciente com escoliose neuromuscular secundária a sequela de mielite transversa, submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico da deformidade da coluna.

Co-occurrence of compression syndromes: celiac axis stenosis, superior mesenteric artery and nutcracker syndrome

No disponible

Oclusión intestinal secundaria a pinza aorto-mesentérica / Intestinal obstruction secondary to superior mesenteric artery syndrome

No disponible

Síndrome del cascanueces. Una causa poco frecuente de hematuria / Nutcracker syndrome. An uncommon cause of hematuria

El síndrome del cascanueces o síndrome de nutcracker se define como la compresión de la vena renal izquierda entre la aorta y la arteria mesentérica superior. Es una causa poco frecuente de hematuria. Se presenta el caso clínico de un niño con hematuria macroscópica recurrente, en el que por pruebas de imagen se llegó al diagnóstico (AU)

The nutcracker syndrome is defined as the compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. It is a rare cause of hematuria. We presented the clinical case of a child with recurrent macroscopic hematuria, in which the diagnosis was reached by imaging test (AU)

Síndrome de la arteria mesentérica superior: una causa infrecuente de obstrucción intestinal / Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction

No disponible

Síndrome de Wilkie o pinza aortomesentérica / Wilkie´s syndrome

No disponible

Superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula presenting as gastrointestinal bleeding: case report and literature review

Superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula (SMAVF) is a rare vascular disorder usually following penetrating abdominal trauma or gastrointestinal surgery. Percutaneous endovascular treatment such as embolization, has been widely used to treat this disease. We report a patient, who was presented with melena at the onset of his symptoms, then an acute hematemesis in shock. A SMAVF was diagnosed on an angiogram after a large mesenteric vein was seen on CT. The patient had a successful emergency endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) to stop bleeding. Then the patient received fistula embolization with covered stent (AU)

No disponible

Ictericia obstructiva por pseudoaneurisma de arteria pancreaticoduodenal / Obstructive jaundice caused by a pancreaticoduodenal pseudoaneurysm

No disponible

Dolor abdominal recurrente psicológico o anatómico secundario a síndrome de Wilkie / Recurrent psychological or anatomical abdominal pain secondary to Wilkie’s syndrome

El síndrome de la arteria mesentérica superior (SAMS) o de Wilkie es una causa inusual de dolor y obstrucción abdominal alta, debido a la compresión de la tercera porción del duodeno, entre la aorta y arteria mesentérica superior. El paciente presenta síntomas como náuseas, vómitos, dolor epigástrico, retraso ponderal o saciedad precoz. Por ser el dolor abdominal un motivo frecuente de consulta en atención primaria y en los servicios de urgencias, presentamos este caso poco frecuente, a tener en cuenta dentro del diagnostico diferencial de un dolor abdominal con síntomas recurrentes y sin respuesta al manejo médico. A pesar de su rareza, el SAMS es una patología cada vez más vista en nuestra población, debido al aumento de la cirugía traumatológica vertebral, cirugías mayores, alteraciones de la conducta alimentaria, drogas de abuso, quemados, paraplejías e inmovilizados. Puede diagnosticarse desde atención primaria, ya que se trata de pacientes muy demandantes por la poca respuesta al tratamiento medico inicial, si se desconoce la importancia nutricional en el manejo de estos pacientes. Presentamos su sintomatología, grupos de riesgo, diagnósticos diferenciales y tratamiento (AU)

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) (or Wilkie’s) syndrome is a rare cause for upper abdominal pain and obstruction, due to compression of the third portion of the duodenum, between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. The patient presents with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, underweight or early satiety. As abdominal pain is a frequent reason for primary care consultations and using emergency services, we present this unusual case, which should be born in mind within the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain with recurrent symptoms with no response to medical management. In spite of being rare, SMA is an increasingly common pathology within our population, due to the increase in traumatic surgery, major surgery, eating disorders, drug abuse, burns, paraplegias and disabilities. It can be diagnosed from primary care since the patients are very demanding because of the lack of response to initial medical treatment if the nutritional importance in the management of these patients is unknown. We present its symptomatology, risk groups, differential diagnosis and treatment (AU)

Síndrome de la arteria mesentérica superior en edad pediátrica: ¿infrecuente o infradiagnosticado? / Superior mesenteric artery syndrome in pediatric age: is it rare of underdiagnosed?

Objetivo. Reconocer el síndrome de la arteria mesentérica superior (SAMS) como causa de dolor abdominal recurrente en edad pediátrica y los problemas clínicos relacionados que pueden enmascararlo, siendo el tránsito esófago-gastroduodenal (TEGD) suficiente para su diagnóstico. Pacientes y métodos. Se recogen 12 pacientes afectos de SAMS, entre los años 2006 y 2013, la mayoría remitidos por dolor abdominal, en general con sospecha de reflujo gastroesofágico (RGE) y/o patología intestinal malabsortiva. Las técnicas de imagen empleadas para su estudio son el TEGD y la ecografía abdominal. Se lleva a cabo Tomografía Computarizada (TC) abdominal con contraste únicamente en 2 pacientes. Resultados. El TEGD fue diagnóstico en el 100% de los casos. Ni las ecografías ni los TC abdominales aportaron datos concluyentes ni hallazgos adicionales determinantes para el diagnóstico y tratamiento. Conclusiones. Enfatizamos la contribución del SAMS en el dolor abdominal recurrente en niños, así como los factores predisponentes y desencadenantes de esta entidad, siendo el TEGD la prueba diagnóstica de elección (AU)

Introduction. To recognize the superior mesenteric artery síndrome (SMAS) as a cause of recurrent abdominal pain in childhood and related clinical problems that can mimic it, being the upper gastrointestinal (UGIT) enough to diagnosis. Patients and method. 12 patients with SAMS were collected between 2006 and 2013, most of them presented with abdominal pain and usually suspected of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and/or malabsorptive intestinal disorders. The imaging techniques used were UGIT and abdominal ultrasound. Abdominal contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CDCT) was performed in only 2 patients. Results. UGIT allowed accurate diagnosis in all patients. Neither abdominal ultrasound nor CECT provide conclusive or determining additional findings for diagnostic or therapeutic approach. Conclusions. We emphasize the contribution of SAMS to recurrent abdominal pain in children, as well as predisposing factors and triggers of this entity, being the UGIT the diagnostic test of choice (AU)

Pancreatitis aguda y síndrome de la arteria mesentérica superior / Acute pancreatitis and superior mesenteric artery syndrome / Acute pancreatitis and superior mesenteric artery syndrome

El síndrome de la arteria mesentérica superior (SAMS) se ha propuesto como una causa rara de obstrucción intestinal alta, resultado de la compresión de la tercera porción del duodeno por la disminución del espacio existente entre la aorta y la arteria mesentérica superior. Los principales factores de riesgo asociados son la pérdida de peso importante, las cirugías de corrección de la columna y anormalidades anatómicas congénitas o adquiridas. Su asociación a pancreatitis aguda ha sido descrita en muy pocos casos. Se presenta una revisión crítica de este tema, a propósito de un caso, presuntamente diagnosticado de SAMS y pancreatitis aguda (AU)

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) has been proposed as a rare cause of proximal bowel obstruction resulting from compression of the third portion of the duodenum secondary to narrowing of the space between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery. The main risk factors associated with SMAS are significant weight loss, corrective spinal surgery and congenital or acquired anatomic abnormalities. Its association with acute pancreatitis has been reported in very few cases. We present a critical review of this topic, with the report of a patient allegedly diagnosed of SMAS and acute pancreatitis (AU)