RESUMO
Disciplines such as sociology and anthropology have showed that the experience of illness, is above all, a social product, that is, that social factors of different kinds play a central role in shaping individuals' subjectivity. This paper refers to the case of Ocuituco, a rural town of central Mexico. The article presents some of the results achieved through an interpretive sociological study of individuals' subjective experience of traditional illnesses such as susto, soul-loss, and fallen fontanelle. The aim is to analyze how Ocuituco's inhabitants attach meaning to, interpret, and experience these illnesses. The main point being made is that the subjective experience of traditional illnesses is shaped both by the cultural background of individuals, and by the sociological features of the setting where these individuals live. Data are interpreted in connection both to structural factors (poverty, medicalization, and patriarchy), and to the main traits that characterize individuals' view of their world: a sense of uncertainty, a sense of the unexpected as being normal, a sense of being oppressed, a familiarity with a patriarchal order. It is shown that both susto and fallen fontanelle are belief systems which allow individuals to interpret their circumstances and attach meaning to their problematic everyday life.
Assuntos
Hierarquia Social , Medicina Tradicional , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/psicologia , População Rural , Papel do Doente , Transtornos Somatoformes/psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Adulto , Criança , Desidratação/diagnóstico , Desidratação/etnologia , Desidratação/psicologia , Feminino , Traumatismos Cranianos Fechados/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Cranianos Fechados/etnologia , Traumatismos Cranianos Fechados/psicologia , Humanos , Lactente , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Masculino , México , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/etnologia , Meio Social , Transtornos Somatoformes/diagnóstico , Transtornos Somatoformes/etnologiaRESUMO
A young adult with no prior history of affective disease suffered the onset of a rapid cycling bipolar illness, marginally responsive to psychotropic medications, following a mild closed-head injury, and persisting after the cognitive effects of the injury had resolved. A concurrence of findings on the neurological examination, neurobehavioural examination, SPECT scan, EEG and neuropsychological test battery suggested the presence of a diffuse cerebral injury with a predominance of left frontotemporal findings. This case demonstrates that a severe and disabling mood disorder may follow a mild head injury, and that its course may be independent of cognitive impairment and recovery.
Assuntos
Transtorno Bipolar/fisiopatologia , Dano Encefálico Crônico/fisiopatologia , Traumatismos Cranianos Fechados/fisiopatologia , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/fisiopatologia , Periodicidade , Adulto , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Transtorno Bipolar/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Bipolar/psicologia , Dano Encefálico Crônico/tratamento farmacológico , Dano Encefálico Crônico/psicologia , Carbamazepina/uso terapêutico , Dominância Cerebral/fisiologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Lobo Frontal/lesões , Lobo Frontal/fisiopatologia , Haloperidol/uso terapêutico , Traumatismos Cranianos Fechados/tratamento farmacológico , Traumatismos Cranianos Fechados/psicologia , Humanos , Imipramina/uso terapêutico , Carbonato de Lítio/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/psicologia , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Lobo Temporal/lesões , Lobo Temporal/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Säo apresentadas e discutidas as consequências neuropsicológicas dos traumatismos cranianos. O autor relata os sintomas e síndromes mais comuns e apresenta um caso de síndrome de lobo frontal pós-traumática