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Esta pesquisa analisa a amostra populacional composta pela totalidade de pacientes internados no Hospital Municipal Dr. Fernando Mauro Pires da Rocha ou Hospital Municipal do Campo Limpo (HMCL), homens e mulheres, de 14 a 60+, que fizeram uso dos serviços de psiquiatria no período de janeiro de 2022 a julho de 2024, e cujo CID abarque algum ou múltiplos Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias (TUS), especialmente álcool e substâncias psicoativas (F-10, F-11, F-12, F13, F-14, F-16 e F-19 e suas subvariações)10. O hospital possui 15 leitos na enfermaria e sem determinação máxima no Pronto Socorro. A presente pesquisa apresenta-se como um estudo observacional retrospectivo seccional, realizado por meio da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes internados no HMCL que utilizaram o serviço de Psiquiatria do Hospital cujo CID se insira na classificação supramencionada. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio na análise dos prontuários médicos, já anteriormente elaborados, quando da internação constante do banco de dados do SAME (Serviço de Arquivos Médicos). A pesquisa foi submetida e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Hospital ­ CEP sob CAAE 85771125.4.0000.5452, antes do início da coleta de dados, e cadastrada a autorização emitida na Plataforma Brasil. A relevância desse estudo se fundamenta na necessidade de compreender as dinâmicas locais para desenvolver estratégias eficazes de prevenção e intervenção em casos de Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias, tal como alcoolismo, uso de drogas Ilícitas, uso de psicotrópicos, associados muitas vezes ao tabagismo, por meio da identificação do perfil epidemiológico da população que compõe a amostra. A amostra foi subdividida por faixa etária, até 19 anos de idade e depois por décadas até atingir 60+. Os objetivos específicos são (i) descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes internados no Hospital Municipal Dr. Fernando Mauro Pires da Rocha, e (ii) estudar quais tipos de substância(s) utilizada(s) e diagnóstico psiquiátrico correlacionado.

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Alcohol consumption is a worldwide concern that causes 5 % of the global disease burden and contributes to 3 million deaths per year. Several studies suggest an increase in alcohol drinking and alcohol related problems. Alcohol Use Disorder (formerly referred as alcoholism or alcohol addiction) is one of many possible outcomes of an early and prolonged alcohol consumption and it is highly comorbid with anxiety disorders, impulsivity and memory deficits among others. In this review we approach recent data about global and American prevalence of alcohol use and discuss different factors that contribute to alcohol consumption. Furthermore, we revise evidence of ethanol effects on anxiety-like behaviors, impulsivity and spatial memory. Lastly, we look at the Omega-3 fatty acid as a possible course of action in mitigating the aforementioned deleterious effects of alcohol consumption.

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This integrative review systematized the factors that influence access to mental health services for the Homeless Population (HP) in harmful use of alcohol and other drugs in the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) in Brazil by categorizing the factors into access "barriers" and "facilitators". We selected 13 corresponding articles and subsequently assessed their methodological quality. We identified 19 access barriers and 22 access facilitators, observing a convergence and complementarity of the factors identified, with no disagreements between authors. Although there are specific barriers and facilitators related to substance use, most are connected to HP's conditions and lifestyles or how services address the HP. Discrimination, bureaucratic rigidity of services, and a lack of intra- and intersectoral integration were identified as significant barriers. On the other hand, Street Outreach Clinics and practices such as harm reduction and matrix-based support emerged as notable facilitators, adapting to patients' needs. Future studies should explore specific factors and the relationships between these factors.

Esta revisão integrativa sistematizou os fatores que influenciam o acesso da População em Situação de Rua (PSR) que faz uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas aos serviços de saúde mental na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS) no Brasil, a partir da categorização dos fatores em "barreiras" e "facilitadores" de acesso. Selecionou-se 13 artigos correspondentes, com avaliação posterior de sua qualidade metodológica. Foram encontradas 19 barreiras e 22 facilitadores de acesso, observando uma convergência e complementaridade dos fatores identificados, sem dissensos entre autores. Embora existam barreiras e facilitadores específicos relacionados ao uso de substâncias, a maioria são vinculadas às condições e modos da vida da PSR, ou às formas dos serviços de lidar com a PSR. A discriminação, rigidez burocrática dos serviços, e a falta de integração intra e intersetorial foram identificadas como barreiras significativas. Por outro lado, os Consultórios na Rua e práticas como a redução de danos e o matriciamento emergiram como facilitadores notáveis, adaptando-se às necessidades dos usuários. Há necessidade de estudos futuros que se aprofundem em fatores específicos e nas relações entre estes fatores.

Esta revisión integradora sistematizó los factores que influyen en el acceso de la Población Sin Hogar (PSH) que hace uso nocivo de alcohol y otras drogas a los servicios de salud mental en la Red de Atención Psicosocial (RAPS) en Brasil, a partir de la categorización de factores en "barreras" y "facilitadores" del acceso. Se seleccionaron 13 artículos correspondientes, con posterior evaluación de su calidad metodológica. Se encontraron 19 barreras y 22 facilitadores de acceso, observándose una convergencia y complementariedad de los factores identificados, sin disensos entre autores. Aunque existen barreras y facilitadores específicos relacionados con el uso de sustancias, la mayoría están vinculados a las condiciones y estilos de vida de la PSH, o a las formas en que los servicios abordan la PSH. Se identificaron como barreras importantes la discriminación, la rigidez burocrática de los servicios y la falta de integración intra e intersectorial. Por otro lado, las Clínicas en la Calle y prácticas como la reducción de daños y el apoyo matricial emergieron como facilitadores notables, adaptándose a las necesidades de los usuarios. Es necesario realizar estudios futuros que profundicen en factores específicos y las relaciones entre estos factores.

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a multifactorial disease closely related to neurodevelopment and environmental factors that influence behavior. This study explored the relationships between brain volume and behavior from an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) based on the Research Domain Criteria. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from recent patients with AUD (n = 50) and healthy controls (HC=50). Group differences were assessed by means of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and regions of interest (ROIs). Participants completed a battery of neurocognitive tasks and emotional tests. When controlling for age, education levels, and total intracranial volume, we found lower gray matter volume in cortical and limbic areas, as well as significant impairments in the AUD group on cognition and affective status. This study demonstrated the importance of multifactorial analysis and complex models in order to better understand substance use disorders. The brain losses may have been the result of neurodevelopmental impairments due to biological and environmental factors that predisposed to AUD or the result of drug abuse. The ESEM indicated that limbic areas indirectly affected the alcohol severity through emotional dysfunction. These results suggest a more relevant involvement of limbic regions for the severity of alcohol use, showing a more significant association between AUD and mood disorders.

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a public health problem characterized by a marked increment in systemic inflammation. In the last few years, it has been described as the role of alcohol in neuroinflammation affecting some aspects of neuronal function. Interestingly, inflammation is reduced with fenofibrate treatment, a PPARα agonist used to treat dyslipidemia. On the other hand, alcohol has been associated with chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs, affecting their normal function and increasing respiratory infections. However, a deep characterization of the role of alcohol in the worsening of chronic respiratory diseases has not been described completely. In this work, we present a novel study using rats treated with alcohol and fenofibrate to evaluate the relevant features of chronic respiratory disease: inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and fibrosis. The analysis of extracted lungs showed an increment in the inflammatory infiltrates and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels associated with alcohol. Interestingly, the treatment with fenofibrate decreased the expression of these markers and the infiltrates observed in the lungs. The levels of mucin Muc5ac showed an increment in animals treated with alcohol. However, this increment was markedly reduced if animals were subsequently treated with fenofibrate. Finally, we documented an increment of collagen deposition around airways in the animals treated with alcohol compared with control animals. However, fenofibrate treatment reduced this deposition to a level similar to the control animals. These results showed the role of alcohol in the increment of pathological features in the lungs. Moreover, these features were attenuated due to the fibrate treatment, which allows us to glimpse this drug's promising role as lung anti-inflammatory therapy.

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Introduction: Low- and middle-income countries bear disproportionate burdens from excessive alcohol consumption, yet have fewer resources to identify and intervene with risky drinkers. Low-cost screening and brief intervention (SBI) models offer a tool for addressing this health problem and reducing disparities. Methods: In this mixed-methods study, trained pseudo-patients visited health clinics in Zacatecas, Mexico, where a novel SBI model was used with trained nonmedical health educators (HEs) conducting SBI in waiting areas. Pseudo-patients, who provided responses to the AUDIT-C screening items designed to trigger a brief intervention (BI), waited for HEs to engage them in an SBI encounter. Data on HEs' behaviors, SBI components provided, and contextual characteristics were coded from audio recordings of the encounters using an SBI checklist and from pseudo-patient interviews. Results: Quantitative analyses examined the consistency in pseudo-patients' targeted AUDIT-C scores and those documented by HEs as well as the frequency of delivery of SBI components. Across 71 interactions, kappas between HEs' scores and the targeted AUDIT-C scores ranged from 0.33 to 0.45 across AUDIT-C items; it was 0.16 for the total AUDIT-C. In 41% of interactions, the HEs recorded total AUDIT-C scores that accurately reflected the targeted scores, 45% were below, and 14% exceeded them. Analyses of checklist items and transcripts showed that HEs demonstrated desired interpersonal skills (attentive, empathetic, professional) and provided general information regarding risks and recommendations about reducing consumption. In contrast, personalized BI components (exploring pseudo-patients' personal challenges and concerns about reducing drinking; making a plan) occurred much less frequently. Pseudo-patient interviews revealed contextual factors (noise, lack of privacy) that may have negatively affected SBI interactions. Discussion: Using trained nonmedical persons to administer SBI holds promise to increase its reach. However, ongoing training and monitoring, prioritizing comprehensive BIs, eliminating contextual barriers, and electronic delivery of screening may help ensure high quality delivery.

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OBJECTIVE: to analyze the repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic on the work of Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and other Drugs. METHOD: qualitative, descriptive - exploratory study, with 60 health workers from Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and other Drugs in Porto Alegre/ Rio Grande do Sul, from January to December 2021. Collection was carried out using a questionnaire sent by email or in person and the analysis of the content of the responses was of the thematic type of the open question. RESULTS: an increase in demand from users and crises, social determinants of the pandemic, changes in work, contingency plans, moral distress and expressions of feelings by healthcare workers were observed. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the repercussions of the pandemic on work and workers' mental health reflect the need for monitoring and care for workers in the post-pandemic period. It is also suggested to incorporate online activities to support the psychosocial care model.

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) represents a public health crisis with few FDA-approved medications for its treatment. Growing evidence supports the key role of the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS) during the initiation and progression of alcohol use disorder. Among the different protective molecules that could mediate this communication, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have emerged as attractive candidates, since these gut microbiota-derived molecules have multi-target effects that could normalize several of the functional and structural parameters altered by chronic alcohol abuse. The present study, conducted in male alcohol-preferring UChB rats, shows that the initiation of voluntary ethanol intake was inhibited in 85% by the intragastric administration of a combination of SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate) given before ethanol exposure, while SCFAs administration after two months of ethanol intake induced a 90% reduction in its consumption. These SCFAs therapeutic effects were associated with (1) a significant reduction of ethanol-induced intestinal inflammation and damage; (2) reduction of plasma lipopolysaccharide levels and hepatic inflammation; (3) reduction of ethanol-induced astrocyte and microglia activation; and (4) attenuation of the ethanol-induced gene expression changes within the nucleus accumbens. Finally, we determined that among the different SCFAs evaluated, butyrate was the most potent, reducing chronic ethanol intake in a dose-response manner. These findings support a key role of SCFAs, and especially butyrate, in regulating AUD, providing a simple, inexpensive, and safe approach as a preventive and intervention-based strategy to address this devastating disease.

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Several pieces of evidence have implicated the endocannabinoid system on dopaminergic mesolimbic brain reward, as well as the potential role of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 on modulation of reinforced properties of drug abuse and consequently to the treatment of substance use disorder, including alcoholism. Moreover, growing evidence has been proposed that cannabis or cannabinoid compounds may be helpful to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD). Cannabis is prevalent among individuals who also consume alcohol. While some authors reported that cannabis may be a promising candidate as a substitute medication for AUD, some studies have demonstrated that concomitant use of alcohol and cannabis may increase the risk of adverse outcomes. Considering that advances in the legalization and decriminalization movements regarding cannabis have led to increased availability worldwide, the current chapter aims to provide evidence on the benefits and risks of combining alcohol and cannabis, as well as the potential therapeutic use of cannabinoid compounds in treating AUD.

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In mammals, ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde mainly by the liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and acetaldehyde is subsequently oxidized to acetate by mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). The presence of an inactive variant of ALDH2 or the use of inhibitors of this enzyme leads to an accumulation of acetaldehyde after ethanol consumption, generating an aversive reaction that inhibits subsequent alcohol intake. However, experimental evidence shows that acetaldehyde has potent rewarding effects at the central level, suggesting that acetaldehyde would be responsible for the addictive effect of alcohol. Alda-1 is an organic molecule that acts as a pharmacological activator of ALDH2. Studies in animal models of alcohol use disorders (AUD; i.e. alcoholism) have shown that Alda-1 can inhibit the acquisition, the chronic intake, and the relapse of alcohol consumption. These effects are reversible without any effects on water consumption or other natural reinforcer such as saccharin. It has also been reported that Alda-1 can act as a protective agent from the toxic effects on various tissues and organs mediated by ethanol-derived acetaldehyde, including liver damage, cancer, and central nervous system (CNS) alterations. Using in silico tools such as molecular docking the identification of important molecular interactions between Alda-1 and ALDH2 has been demonstrated, identifying new molecules with higher pharmacological features. Thus, there is now preclinical evidence supporting the use of activators of ALDH2 as a pharmacological strategy for the treatment of AUD.

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Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a highly prevalent medical condition characterized by impaired control over alcohol consumption, despite negative consequences on the individual's daily life and health. There is increasing evidence suggesting that chronic alcohol intake, like other addictive drugs, induces neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, disrupting glutamate homeostasis in the main brain areas related to drug addiction. This review explores the potential application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy for the treatment of AUD. MSCs secrete a broad array of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecules, thus, the administration of MSCs, or their secretome, could reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. These effects correlate with an increase in the expression of the main glutamate transporter, GLT1, which, through the normalization of the extracellular glutamate levels, could mediate the inhibitory effect of MSCs' secretome on chronic alcohol consumption, thus highlighting GLT1 as a central target to reduce chronic alcohol consumption.

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BACKGROUND: While loneliness is a global public health problem, the literature lacks studies assessing loneliness predictors in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, we aimed to analyze clinical and lifestyle predictors of loneliness. METHODS: We conducted a 2-year longitudinal study in Brazil based on a snowball sample and online surveys (baseline: May 6 to June 6, 2020). We assessed clinical and lifestyle predictors of loneliness using multiple regression models. The analyses were adjusted for several sociodemographic variables and weighted for attrition and sampling procedures. RESULTS: The study included a nationwide sample of 473 participants (18-75 years; 87.1% females). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, we identified as risk factors: depressive symptoms (RR: 1.214; 95%CI: 1.08-1.36; p = 0.001), anxiety symptoms (RR:1.191; 95%CI: 1.04-1.35; p = 0.007), alcohol abuse (RR: 1.579; 95%CI: 1.32-1.88; p < 0.001), and cannabis use (RR: 1.750; 95%CI: 1.25-2.39; p < 0.001). More than 150 min/week of physical activity (RR: 0.177; 95%CI: 0.07-0.34; p < 0.001) and good/excellent quality of family relationships (RR: 0.73; 95%CI: 0.60-0.87; p < 0.001) and sleep (RR: 0.483; 95%CI: 0.39-0.59; p < 0.001) were protective factors. CONCLUSION: Several clinical factors (depression, anxiety, alcohol, and cannabis) have been identified as risk factors for loneliness, while lifestyle factors (physical activity, better quality of sleep, and family relationships) have been associated with a lower incidence of loneliness. Addressing clinical and lifestyle factors may therefore be essential to preventing loneliness.

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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the association between the emotional impact of COVID-19 and emotional eating and the risk of alcohol use disorder among Peruvian health science students. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study in which an online questionnaire was administered to 456 health science interns from four cities in Peru. We used the COVID-19 Emotional Impact Profile questionnaire, Mindful Eating Questionnaire, and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Spearman's correlations were calculated and two multiple linear regression models were developed. RESULTS: 68.4% of the participants were emotional eaters and 8.6% reported low-risk levels of alcohol use disorder. Based on the results of the first model, the overall emotional impact of COVID-19, being overweight or obese, depression and anxiety levels, and living with only one parent were factors associated with emotional eating. The results of the second model showed that the level of depression, living with just one parent, living alone, sex, and number of months as an intern were factors associated with the risk of alcohol use disorder. CONCLUSIONS: To reduce emotional eating and the risk of alcohol use disorder among interns, universities should implement interventions aimed at reducing the emotional impact of COVID-19 and provide nutritional counseling.

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BACKGROUND: Exposure to domestic violence by triggering repetitive distress and fear can affect neurodevelopmental and mental health in the short and long term. This, in turn, has been linked to an increased risk of substance abuse, such as alcohol abuse in adulthood. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to violence from the father toward the mother and alcohol abuse in Peruvian women. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) of 2019. A total of 19,980 reproductive-aged women (15-49 years old) were surveyed using the Health Questionnaire during 2019. The dependent variable of the study was alcohol abuse, collected through self-report, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Intimate partner violence (IPV; violence perpetrated by the father against the mother) was considered as the exposure variable. To assess the association of interest, we only considered observations with complete data and used binary logistic regression models, calculating crude odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios (aOR). For the multivariable model, we adjusted for confounding variables (age, marital status, education level, wealth index, ethnicity, residence, current smoker, depression, and IPV). RESULTS: We analyzed a final sample of 9953 women. The prevalence of interparental violence and alcohol abuse was 41.3% and 1.5%, respectively. We found that interparental violence was associated with higher odds of alcohol abuse (aOR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.03-4.28) after adjusting for age, marital status, education level, wealth level, ethnicity, area of residence, current smoking, depression, and IPV. CONCLUSION: We identified that women of reproductive age who have been exposed to interparental violence were at higher odds of experiencing alcohol abuse issues.

Understanding the link between witnessing parental violence and alcohol abuse in Peruvian womenWitnessing violence between parents during childhood can leave deep emotional scars. This study explores whether such experiences are related to alcohol abuse among Peruvian women in their adult years. Using data from a national health survey in Peru, the experiences of nearly 20,000 women were analyzed to determine if witnessing violence between their parents during childhood was linked to alcohol problems later in life. Responses from the 2019 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey were examined, focusing on women's reports of childhood exposure to violence between parents and current alcohol abuse, controlling for factors like age, education, and mental health. The study found that women who witnessed their parents engaging in violence were more likely to abuse alcohol as adults. About 41% of the women reported seeing such violence, and of these, a higher proportion struggled with alcohol compared to those who did not witness violence. Understanding the link between childhood experiences and adult behaviors can help develop targeted interventions to prevent alcohol abuse. This research highlights the need for support systems that help women cope with the emotional impacts of childhood trauma, potentially reducing alcohol-related problems in the future.

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The harmful use of alcohol is one of the leading risk factors for population health. It is linked with over 200 health conditions, including noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and mental health conditions, maternal and child health, infectious diseases, and injuries. This psychoactive substance caused 5.5% of all deaths and 6.7% of all disability-adjusted life years in the Region of the Americas in 2016. It also causes a significant social burden and imposes substantial direct treatment costs and indirect economic costs that represent a serious threat to economic and social development. This impact is recognized by target 3.5 of the Sustainable Development Goals aiming to “strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol”. The amount and frequency of alcohol consumed by an individual is determined, in large part, by the affordability of alcoholic beverages. Such affordability depends on the real price of alcoholic beverages, the price of other goods and services, and consumers’ incomes. Thus, there is strong health and economic rationale for the use of fiscal policies targeting alcoholic beverages. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends reducing the harmful use of alcohol through increased excise taxes on alcoholic beverages as part of the WHO Global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol, and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Plan of Action to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol. It is also part of the WHO recommended most cost-effective, evidence-based policies to prevent and control NCDs, and it is highlighted as one of five high-impact strategies of the SAFER technical package. Although 33 out of the 35 PAHO Member States apply excise taxes on alcoholic beverages, there is great heterogeneity in their design and rates, and most could be further leveraged to improve their impact on alcohol consumption and health. PAHO is committed to providing Member States with accurate, relevant, and internationally comparable information that they can use to guide the development of policy and to evaluate the impact of measures to prevent the harmful use of alcohol. Developing a tax share indicator is necessary to monitor taxes on alcoholic beverages, enable standardized comparisons across countries and over time, establish best practices in tax design, and provide a powerful tool for advocacy. Since 2016, the Department of Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health (NMH) at PAHO has been working on developing standardized and comparable indicators of the share of indirect taxes in the price of alcoholic beverages. Building on this experience and the WHO methodology for monitoring tobacco taxes, this brochure presents the results of pioneering tax share and complementary price and tax policy indicators for alcoholic beverages—including beer, wine, and spirits—in 30 PAHO Member States. This brochure is a tool for data dissemination to the different sectors involved in alcohol taxation in the Region of the Americas and, likewise, to help countries in designing, planning, and evaluating alcohol taxes to reduce the harmful use of alcohol.

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The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and associated factors in Brazilian adults that reported chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), mental disorders (MDs), and infectious diseases (IDs). This was a secondary analysis of the 3rd National Survey on Drug Use by the Brazilian Population in which the principal outcome was presence of AUD. Prevalence of AUD was estimated for three subgroups: individuals that reported NCDs, MDs, and IDs. Factors associated with AUD in each group were analyzed using logistic regression models. Of the 15,645 adults interviewed, 30.5% (95%CI: 29.4-31.5) reported NCDs, 17.6% (95%CI: 16.5-18.7) MDs, and 1.6% (95%CI: 1.2-1.9) IDs. Considering comorbidities, the analytical sample was 6,612. No statistically significant difference was found in the prevalence of AUD between individuals with NCDs (7.5% [95%CI: 6.1- 8.7]), MDs (8.4% [95%CI: 6.7-10.2]), and IDs (12.4% [95%CI: 7.0-17.8]). The main factors associated with AUD in all the groups were male sex and young adult age. Considering the high prevalence of AUD in all the groups, systematic screening of AUD is necessary in health services that treat NCDs, MDs, and IDs.

O objetivo do artigo é estimar a prevalência de transtornos relacionados ao uso de álcool (TRA) e fatores associados entre indivíduos da população brasileira que reportaram doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis (DCNT), transtornos mentais (TM) e doenças infeciosas (DI). Análise secundária do III Levantamento Nacional sobre o Uso de Drogas pela População Brasileira, cujo desfecho principal foi a presença de TRA. A prevalência de TRA foi estimada para três subgrupos: indivíduos que reportaram DCNT, TM e DI. Os fatores associados a TRA dentro de cada grupo foram analisados utilizando modelos de regressão logística. Dos 15.645 adultos entrevistados, 30,5% (IC95%: 29,4-31,5) reportaram DCNT, 17,6% (IC95%: 16,5-18,7) TM e 1,6% (IC95%: 1,2-1,9) DI. Considerando as comorbidades, a amostra analítica foi de 6.612. Não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa na prevalência de TRA entre indivíduos com DCNT (7,5% [IC95% 6,1-8,7]), TM (8,4% [IC95% 6,7-10,2]) e DI (12,4% [IC95% 7,0-17,8]). Os principais fatores associados a TRA, em todos os grupos, foram ser do sexo masculino e jovem. Considerando a alta prevalência de TRA em todos os grupos é necessário seu rastreio sistemático em serviços de saúde que atendam DCNT, TM e DI.

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Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) among youth is a public health problem worldwide because of its high prevalence and lifelong serious consequences in health and quality of life. This cross-sectional census aimed to describe the IPV victimization among all freshman students in a Brazilian university (n=1,509), which was selected from a larger population of 2,706 freshmen. We created a 10-item questionnaire inspired by established instruments to measure the prevalence of IPV. Multivariate logistic regression assessed the association between demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors with various types of IPV. We visualized co-occurrence using a Venn diagram and employed multinomial logistic regression to examine the relationship between covariates and the cooccurrence of IPV types. The chance of IPV was higher in males, those who were currently in a relationship, and those with a higher risk of alcohol abuse. These same characteristics were also associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing the co-occurrence of two or more types of IPV. Prevention strategies should consider those groups and monitoring of those who abuse alcohol, which can be a predictor behavior or a mechanism to deal with the stress arising from IPV.

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Alcohol is a harmful drug, and reducing its consumption is a significant challenge for users. Furthermore, alcohol dependence is often treatment-resistant, and no completely effective treatment model is available for chemical dependence. Classic psychedelics, such as LSD, psilocybin, and ayahuasca have been used in different clinical and pre-clinical trials, demonstrating promising pharmacotherapeutic effects in the treatment of treatment-resistant psychopathological conditions, such as addiction, especially related to alcohol dependence. In this work, we conducted a narrative review of the emerging research regarding the potential of psychedelics for alcohol use disorder treatment. Psychedelic substances have demonstrated potential for treating drug addiction, especially AUD, mostly by modulating neuroplasticity in the brain. Given that serotonergic psychedelics do not produce physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms with repeated use, they may be considered promising treatment options for managing drug use disorders. However, certain limitations could be found. Although many participants achieve positive results with only one treatment dose in clinical studies, great inter-individual variability exists in the duration of these effects. Therefore, further studies using different doses and experimental protocols should be conducted to enhance evidence about psychedelic substances.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the trend in mortality from mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use in Brazil, 2010-2021. METHODS: This was an time series study using Mortality Information System data. Annual percentage change (APC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using Prais-Winsten linear regression. RESULTS: Mortality showed a stationary trend for Brazil as a whole (APC = 0.6; 95%CI -4.2;3.0), a falling trend in individuals aged 20-29 years in the South (APC = -7.4; 95%CI -10.0;-4.3) and Northeast (APC = -3.4; 95%CI -6.4;-0.4) regions, in people aged 30-39 in the Midwest region (APC = -3,8; 95%CI -7.4;-0.1) and 40-49 in the South (APC = -2.1; 95%CI -3.8;-0.4), North (APC = -3.1; 95%CI -5.7;-0.5) and Midwest (APC = -2.9; 95%CI -5.5;-0.3) regions. CONCLUSION: Mortality from mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use showed a stationary trend nationally and a falling trend in some age groups regionally.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiological profile and trend in hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol and other psychoactive substance use among Brazilian adolescents, between 2017 and 2022. METHODS: This was a time-series study using data from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Health System; the trend analysis was performed by estimating the annual percentage change (APC) of hospitalization rates per 100,000 inhabitants and respective confidence intervals (95%CI), using the Prais-Winsten method. RESULTS: A total of 29,991 hospitalizations were recorded in the study period, with a decreasing trend observed, from 16.18/100,000 inhabitants in 2017 to 13.72/100,000 inhab. in 2022 (percent change of -2.65%; 95%CI -4.47;-0.80), a greater decline was found in males (-3.48%; 95%CI -5.20;-1.72), in the age group of 15 to 19 years (-2.79%; 95%CI -4.49;-1.06), in the South (-3.29%; 95%CI -5.37;-1.16) and Midwest (-3.64%; 95%CI -5.75;-1.49) regions of the country. CONCLUSION: Hospitalizations showed a decreasing trend in the study period, with sociodemographic disparities.