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1.
Microb Biotechnol ; 18(1): e70072, 2025 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39754551

RESUMO

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, the high cost of extensive wet-lab screening has made AI methods for identifying and designing AMPs increasingly important, with machine learning (ML) techniques playing a crucial role. AI approaches have recently revolutionised this field by accelerating the discovery of new peptides with anti-infective activity, particularly in preclinical mouse models. Initially, classical ML approaches dominated the field, but recently there has been a shift towards deep learning (DL) models. Despite significant contributions, existing reviews have not thoroughly explored the potential of large language models (LLMs), graph neural networks (GNNs) and structure-guided AMP discovery and design. This review aims to fill that gap by providing a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements, challenges and opportunities in using AI methods, with a particular emphasis on LLMs, GNNs and structure-guided design. We discuss the limitations of current approaches and highlight the most relevant topics to address in the coming years for AMP discovery and design.


Assuntos
Peptídeos Antimicrobianos , Aprendizado de Máquina , Peptídeos Antimicrobianos/química , Peptídeos Antimicrobianos/farmacologia , Animais , Inteligência Artificial , Descoberta de Drogas/métodos , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Humanos , Redes Neurais de Computação , Camundongos , Aprendizado Profundo
2.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 24(1): 33-46, ene. 2025. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1584503

RESUMO

In this work, we evaluate the antimicrobial properties of three groups of plants selected by the ethnopharmacological method, reported ashaving antimicrobial and/or anti-inflammatory properties by a rural community in the Brazilian State of Pernambuco. The samples were divided into groups of seven plants reported as having antimicrobial properties (GI), another seven as having anti-inflammatory properties (GII) and eight plants reported to have both (GIII). The antimicrobial properties of these groups were compared using the disc-diffusion method for nine microorganisms: Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, acid-alcohol resistant bacillus (BAAR) and yeast. Among the samples of GI, 28.6% demonstrated activity against the micro-organisms tested, compared with 57.1% for the GII plants and 100% of GIII. This study shows, then, that the selected species should be looked more carefully that greater care should be taken in selecting species recommended by ethnopharmacological reports for studies of antimicrobial properties, since plants reported to have anti-inflammatory properties may be more active than those reported as being antimicrobial.


Evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de tres grupos de plantas seleccionadas por el método etnodirigido, citadas como antimicrobianas y/o antiinflamatorias por una comunidad rural del estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Las muestras de las especies seleccionadas fueron divididas en grupos de siete plantas citadas como antimicrobianas (GI), siete plantas citadas como antiinflamatorias (GII) y otro grupo con ocho plantas citadas para ambas situaciones (GIII). Se realizó una comparación de las actividades antimicrobianas de estos grupos mediante el método de difusión en disco frente a nueve microorganismos: Gram-positivos, Gram-negativos, bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes (BAAR) y levadura. De las plantas citadas como antimicrobianas (GI), el 28,6% mostró actividad frente a los microorganismos probados, mientras que de las plantas pertenecientes al GII, el 57,1% presentó actividad y todas las plantas citadas para ambas situaciones (GIII) fueron activas en un 100%. Se necesita tener cuidado en la selección de especies provenientes del enfoque etnodirigido para estudios que buscan actividad antimicrobiana, ya que las plantas citadas como antiinflamatorias fueron más activas que las citadas como antimicrobianas.


Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Brasil , Inquéritos e Questionários
3.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(23)2024 Nov 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39684362

RESUMO

The growing challenge of antibiotic resistance has intensified the search for new antimicrobial agents. Promising alternatives include peptidoglycan hydrolases (PGHs) and certain ribosomal proteins, both of which exhibit antimicrobial activity. This study focuses on a Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum strain, isolated from fermented meat, capable of inhibiting pathogens such as Listeria innocua, Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Weissella viridescens. The highest growth and antimicrobial activity were observed at a high nitrogen concentration (5.7 g/L). Two antimicrobial proteins were identified: the 50S ribosomal protein L14 (RP uL14) and 6-phospho-N-acetylmuramidase (MupG), a PGH. Partial purification and characterization of these proteins were achieved using SDS-PAGE, zymography, and LC-MS/MS. Transcriptional data (RT-qPCR) showed that higher nitrogen concentrations enhanced MupG expression, while increased carbon concentrations boosted RP uL14 expression. These findings highlight the importance of nutritional sources in maximizing the production of novel antimicrobial proteins, offering a potential path to develop effective alternatives against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.


Assuntos
Proteínas Ribossômicas , Proteínas Ribossômicas/metabolismo , Proteínas Ribossômicas/genética , N-Acetil-Muramil-L-Alanina Amidase/metabolismo , N-Acetil-Muramil-L-Alanina Amidase/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos
4.
Braz Oral Res ; 38: e110, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39661792

RESUMO

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) materials are highly susceptible to microbial colonization, predisposing patients to oral infections. To address this concern, we loaded PMMA samples with montmorillonite clay (MMT), a crystalline nanoparticle, in combination with chlorhexidine (CHX) or metronidazole (MET) targeting improved antimicrobial action. PMMA samples were prepared with or without MMT loaded with either CHX or MET, establishing the following groups: control (acrylic resin without the addition of nanoparticles), MMT/CHX (acrylic resin with 5% by weight of MMT loaded with CHX), and MMT/MET (acrylic resin with 5% by weight of MMT loaded with MET). Mechanical properties such flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Knoop hardness were evaluated using a universal testing machine. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed via agar diffusion tests against Enterococcus faecalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The addition of MMT loaded with CHX did not affect the flexural strength and flexural modulus of PMMA compared to the control group (p > 0.05). However, MMT/MET reduced all mechanical properties of PMMA (p < 0.05). Both loaded-PMMA materials demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. faecalis but not against P. gingivalis. In conclusion, the incorporation of MMT/CHX into acrylic resin appears to be the most promising approach to combat microbial colonization while preserving PMMA mechanical properties. Future research should focus on optimizing material characteristics to enhance antimicrobial properties, paving the way for clinical applicability.


Assuntos
Clorexidina , Enterococcus faecalis , Resistência à Flexão , Teste de Materiais , Metronidazol , Nanopartículas , Polimetil Metacrilato , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Clorexidina/química , Clorexidina/farmacologia , Polimetil Metacrilato/química , Polimetil Metacrilato/farmacologia , Metronidazol/farmacologia , Metronidazol/química , Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistência à Flexão/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas/química , Porphyromonas gingivalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Bentonita/química , Bentonita/farmacologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Testes de Dureza , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Argila/química , Valores de Referência , Análise de Variância , Silicatos de Alumínio/química , Silicatos de Alumínio/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
5.
Braz J Biol ; 84: e286731, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39699394

RESUMO

Ethanolic extracts of seasonally collected natural bee products (honey, propolis, royal jelly (RJ), and bee venom (BV)) were tested for their potential as antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi. These extracts exhibited various inhibitory effects on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Haemophilus influenzae) and fungi (Aspergillus brasiliensis and Candida albicans), with the exception of S. pneumonia, which was not inhibited by honey and RJ extracts, and P. aeruginosa, which was not inhibited by RJ extracts. Interestingly, extracts of BV and its major content, melittin (MEL), displayed a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria and fungi. This is the first study to show that propolis extract has bactericidal activity against S. pneumoniae and that BV extract and MEL have antibacterial activity against P. vulgaris, H. influenzae, and H. influenzae type b. Extracts of bee products collected in the spring generally exhibited the most significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. Based on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), it was found that spring samples of propolis, RJ, and honey, in that order, were the richest. Also, LC-MS-MS analysis of MEL content in BV demonstrated that it was the highest in spring sample. In terms of MIC and MBC values, Gram-positive bacteria were the most susceptible to bee products. First and foremost, the antimicrobial activity of bee products was ranked in descending order based on MIC values: BV, MEL, propolis, RJ, and honey.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Aspergillus , Bactérias , Venenos de Abelha , Candida albicans , Ácidos Graxos , Mel , Meliteno , Própole , Própole/química , Própole/farmacologia , Ácidos Graxos/química , Ácidos Graxos/farmacologia , Venenos de Abelha/química , Venenos de Abelha/farmacologia , Meliteno/química , Meliteno/farmacologia , Abelhas , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Aspergillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Misturas Complexas/isolamento & purificação , Misturas Complexas/farmacologia , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Estações do Ano
6.
Nutrients ; 16(23)2024 Nov 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39683473

RESUMO

Objectives: This study investigates the biological activities of microencapsulated anthocyanins extracted from two Andean ancestral edible plants, Solanum tuberosum, and Zea mays, with a focus on their potential applications in functional foods and therapeutics. The primary objective was to evaluate their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties alongside structural and functional analyses of the microencapsulation process. Methods: Anthocyanins were extracted and microencapsulated using maltodextrin as a carrier. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to analyze the stability and structure of the microencapsulated particles. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of the microencapsulated were assessed through established assays. Results:S. tuberosum exhibited superior antioxidant capacity and potent anticancer activity against HepG2 and THJ29T cell lines, while Z. mays demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and biofilm-forming pathogens. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the stabilization of anthocyanins within a maltodextrin matrix, enhancing their bioavailability and application potential. Conclusions: These results highlight the versatility of microencapsulated anthocyanins as bioactive agents for industrial and therapeutic applications. Future studies should explore in vivo validation and synergistic formulations to optimize their efficacy and broaden their use in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields.


Assuntos
Antocianinas , Antioxidantes , Composição de Medicamentos , Solanum tuberosum , Zea mays , Zea mays/química , Antocianinas/farmacologia , Antocianinas/isolamento & purificação , Solanum tuberosum/química , Humanos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos/química , Células Hep G2 , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura
7.
Molecules ; 29(23)2024 Nov 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39683715

RESUMO

Four mononuclear bioefficient zinc coordination complexes [Zn(NN)3](ClO4)2 (A-D) involving chiral bidentate Schiff base ligands have been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. X-ray crystal structures of three of the zinc complexes revealed that the zinc metal ion is hexacoordinated, exhibiting a distorted octahedral geometry where both the nitrogen atoms (NN = pyridyl and imine) of imines are coordinated to the central zinc ion. The isolated zinc complexes were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity in vitro against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, displaying varying levels of growth inhibition. An acute toxicity test conducted using Artemia salina and Swiss albino mice showed that the zinc complexes A-D were non-toxic towards A. salina at concentrations below 414, 564, 350, and 385 µM, respectively, and did not affect liver biochemical parameters, although pyknosis was induced in hepatocytes of the treated mice.


Assuntos
Complexos de Coordenação , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Bases de Schiff , Zinco , Bases de Schiff/química , Bases de Schiff/farmacologia , Zinco/química , Animais , Camundongos , Complexos de Coordenação/química , Complexos de Coordenação/farmacologia , Complexos de Coordenação/síntese química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Artemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/síntese química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/síntese química , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Estrutura Molecular , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Toxicidade Aguda
8.
Expert Rev Med Devices ; 21(12): 1081-1085, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39648297

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Implant failures resulting from peri-implant infections can have substantial consequences, underscoring the urgent need for effective strategies to prevent biofilm formation on implant surfaces. However, despite advancements in antimicrobial surface technologies, significant challenges persist in translating these innovations into clinically viable solutions. AREAS COVERED: This article provides an overview of the limitations of current treatment protocols and explores the potential of antimicrobial surface treatments for controlling such infections. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of balancing antimicrobial efficacy with biocompatibility and mechanical stability, key factors for long-term implant performance. Finally, we address the main challenges in translating these technologies into clinical practice, including the unpredictability of long-term antimicrobial effects, regulatory compliance gaps, and methodological weaknesses in current research. EXPERT OPINION: The development of antimicrobial surfaces holds promise for enhancing the longevity of dental implants; however, current modifications face persistent challenges, hindering their translation into the dental implant market. Future advancements should prioritize 'smart' or stimulus-responsive surfaces that can release antimicrobials on demand. This strategy aims to efficiently combat infections while minimizing the risks of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial resistance, potentially leading to more effective and clinically translatable solutions.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Implantes Dentários , Humanos , Implantes Dentários/microbiologia , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Propriedades de Superfície , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos
9.
Microb Cell Fact ; 23(1): 328, 2024 Dec 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39639292

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In the search for new antimicrobial secondary metabolites of fungi, optimizing culture conditions remains a critical challenge, as standard laboratory approaches often result in low yields. While non-selective methods, such as modifying culture media, have been effective in expanding the chemical diversity of fungal metabolites, they have not yet established a direct link to key process parameters crucial for further optimization. This study investigates the capacity of Diaporthe caliensis as a biofactory for biologically active secondary metabolites, employing tailored culture media to explore the relationship between chemical diversity and critical process variables. RESULTS: The metabolomic profiles, antibacterial activities, and production yields of the extracts were analyzed to progressively adjust the culture conditions. This study was conducted in five steps, evaluating carbon and nitrogen source concentration, nitrogen source type, salt supplementation, and pH adjustment. Altering the rice starch concentration affected biomass yield per unit of oxygen consumed, while modifications to the nitrogen source concentration influenced both the bioactivity and chemical space by Diaporthe caliensis. Despite changes at the metabolome level, the extracts consistently exhibited potent antibacterial activities, influenced by the nitrogen source, added salts and pH adjustments. For instance, when using corn steep liquor and rice starch, supplemented with micronutrients, different metabolites were produced depending on whether buffer or water was used, though both conditions showed similar antibacterial activities (IC50 ≈ 0.10 mg mL- 1 against Staphylococcus aureus and ≈ 0.14 mg mL- 1 against Escherichia coli). In the treatment where buffer was used to stabilize pH change, there was an increase in the production of phomol-like compounds which are associated with known antibiotic properties. In contrast, in the treatments using water, the drop in pH stimulated the production of previously unidentified metabolites with potential antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSIONS: This study proposes a strategic methodology for the tailored formulation of culture media aiming to promote the biosynthesis of diverse secondary metabolites. This approach revealed the critical role of nutrient limitation and pH regulation in stimulating the production of polyketide-lactone derivatives, including the antibiotic phomol. Ultimately, the systematic, custom-designed culture conditions developed in this work offer a promising strategy for expanding the chemical diversity of Diaporthe caliensis, while providing valuable insights into the key parameters needed for optimizing this fungal biofactory.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos , Meios de Cultura , Metabolômica , Ascomicetos/metabolismo , Ascomicetos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ascomicetos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Meios de Cultura/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/biossíntese , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Metabolismo Secundário , Carbono/metabolismo , Metaboloma/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/metabolismo
10.
Biomed Pharmacother ; 181: 117627, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39489123

RESUMO

Infectious diseases remain as a significant cause of thousands of deaths annually worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial and antiparasitic activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extract and compounds isolated from Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP) against oral pathogens and Toxoplasma gondii, using in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches. Antimicrobial and synergistic activities were determined using the broth dilution method and the checkerboard assay, respectively. Antibiofilm activity was evaluated by staining with 2 % crystal violet and counting microorganisms. In vivo infection was carried out in Caenorhabditis elegans AU37 larvae and in silico analysis was performed using molecular docking simulations. The effect on growth modulation of T. gondii was evaluated through a ß-galactosidase colorimetric assay. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration values ranged from 3.12 to 400 µg/mL. Biofilm Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MICB50) values ranged from 6.25 to 375 µg/mL, with a significant reduction in the number of viable cells. Furthermore, Guttiferone E and the crude extract reduced cell aggregation and caused damage to the biofilm cell wall. The highest concentrations of the crude extract and Guttiferone E increased the survival and reduced the risk of death of infected and treated larvae. Guttiferone E and Oblongifolin B inhibited the intracellular proliferation of T. gondii and demonstrated several targets of action against bacteria and T. gondii through in silico analysis. These data demonstrate that BRP has antimicrobial and antiparasitic activity against pathogens of clinical relevance, and can be used in the future as phytomedicines.


Assuntos
Biofilmes , Caenorhabditis elegans , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Própole , Toxoplasma , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Própole/farmacologia , Própole/química , Animais , Toxoplasma/efeitos dos fármacos , Toxoplasma/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Caenorhabditis elegans/efeitos dos fármacos , Brasil , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Boca/microbiologia , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia
11.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(22)2024 Nov 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39596483

RESUMO

Magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp-Mg) nanofibers show promise for medical applications due to their structural similarity to bone minerals and enhanced biological properties, such as improved biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity. This study synthesized HAp-Mg nanofibers using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method (MAHM) to evaluate their cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial efficacy compared to commercial hydroxyapatite (HAp). Characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful incorporation of magnesium, producing high-purity, crystalline nanofibers with hexagonal morphology. Rietveld refinement showed slight lattice parameter shortening, indicating Mg2+ ion integration. Cell viability assays (MTT and AlamarBlue) revealed a significant increase in fibroblast proliferation with 2% and 5% HAp-Mg concentrations compared to controls (p < 0.05), demonstrating non-cytotoxicity and enhanced biocompatibility. Antimicrobial tests (disk diffusion method, 100 µg/mL) showed that HAp-Mg had strong antibacterial effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and moderate antifungal activity against Candida albicans. In contrast, commercial HAp showed no antimicrobial effects. These results suggest HAp-Mg nanofibers have significant advantages as biomaterials for medical applications, particularly in preventing implant-related infections and supporting further clinical development.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Candida albicans , Durapatita , Magnésio , Nanofibras , Durapatita/química , Nanofibras/química , Magnésio/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Camundongos , Difração de Raios X , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Humanos
12.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 96(suppl 2): e20240678, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39607104

RESUMO

Sanionia uncinata, or Sickle-leaved-Hook-moss, is a cosmopolitan pleurocarpous moss composing the Antarctic Peninsulae biodiversity, primordially forming dense mats over rocks. The species was collected in 24 different spots located at King George Island and was processed to obtain 24 ethanolic extracts (ADS#) by a serial-24h-maceration, which were prospected for antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activities by using in vitro tests. Alien material was removed from the non-sterilized plant samples before being submitted for extraction. It was observed that extracts collected in different spots showed different biological activities. Extracts ADS04(10.66±0,17mm) and ADS14(11.37±0,11mm) were active against Staphylococcus aureus, according to the diffusion in bioautography assay. They showed significant antioxidant activity and inhibited AChE; the cytotoxicity observed to the human breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were higher than in normal cell line MCF-10A. ADS04 was 7.62 times more cytotoxic to MCF-7, and ADS14 was 2.03 times more cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 than to MCF-10A. The extracts showed similar cytotoxicity between PC-3, a human prostate cancer cell line, and MCF-10A. Sanionia uncinata extracts are a vital potential source of biologically active compounds, particularly ADS04 and ADS14, including further prospection on eventual bryophyte's endophytic fungi.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Antioxidantes , Inibidores da Colinesterase , Extratos Vegetais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Humanos , Inibidores da Colinesterase/farmacologia , Inibidores da Colinesterase/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Acetilcolinesterase/efeitos dos fármacos , Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo , Regiões Antárticas , Briófitas/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos
13.
Food Res Int ; 196: 115053, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39614489

RESUMO

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to compile information on the bioactive potential of peptides derived from cheese whey from various animal sources, including cattle, sheep, goats, buffaloes, and camels. The systematic search yielded 955 results, with the primary reasons for exclusion being studies that did not utilize cheese whey as a product or did not assess key bioactivities such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, and anti-aging effects. Ultimately, 36 articles met the inclusion criteria. Among the methods used to evaluate the antioxidant potential of protein hydrolysates, the 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay was identified as the most effective. Peptides derived from cheese whey proteins demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both filamentous fungi and bacteria. However, the review revealed a significant gap in studies investigating the anti-aging properties of these peptides. Notably, ß-lactoglobulin contains peptide sequences embedded within its three-dimensional structure that may exhibit various bioactive properties. Overall, the findings highlight that cheese whey, irrespective of its animal origin, is a high-value co-product with excellent potential for biotechnological applications, particularly in the production of bioactive peptides.


Assuntos
Queijo , Peptídeos , Proteínas do Soro do Leite , Soro do Leite , Animais , Bovinos , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Búfalos , Camelus , Queijo/análise , Cabras , Lactoglobulinas , Peptídeos/química , Peptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Ovinos , Soro do Leite/química , Proteínas do Soro do Leite/química
14.
Comput Biol Chem ; 113: 108276, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39546857

RESUMO

As cold-blooded organisms living in damp and dark environments, amphibians have evolved robust defense mechanisms to protect themselves from predators and infections. Among the wide repertoire of bioactive compounds they produce are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are required as part of innate immunity. One important class of AMPs is cathelicidins, known for their broad-spectrum activity against pathogens and their immunoregulatory roles. However, despite their promising biomedical potential and the increasing availability of omics data, few cathelicidins have been studied in amphibians, mostly through conventional experimental techniques. Here, we present 210 novel cathelicidin sequences from amphibian transcriptomes, identified through a comprehensive computational pipeline, which employed HMMER and BLAST tools to screen cathelicidin domains. These sequences reveal a typical tripartite domain architecture that was confirmed by SignalP and InterProScan analysis. Phylogenetic inference with IQ-TREE classified the sequences into six categories based on evolutionary relationships. Compared to cathelicidins from other vertebrates, amphibian mature peptides exhibit longer average lengths (around 50 amino acids), fewer aromatic and hydrophobic residues, and reduced thermal stability. Furthermore, these amphibian cathelicidins were characterized for their physicochemical and biological properties, revealing significant antimicrobial potential with lower hemolytic capability, especially in anurans, which suggests a balance between their antimicrobial and hemolytic activities predicted through AMPlify, ampir, AmpGram, and HemoPI. Secondary structure estimations, including three-dimensional modeling using AlphaFold2, indicate that amphibian cathelicidins predominantly feature α-helices and coils. Some representative models also display a high α-helix composition with amphipathic topology, facilitating interactions with simulated bacterial membranes as assessed by the PPM approach. Thus, these findings highlight the functional role of cathelicidins in amphibian immunity and their promising biomedical applicability, emphasizing the importance of applying computational methods to expand the scope and reveal the diverse landscape of cathelicidins across vertebrates.


Assuntos
Anfíbios , Catelicidinas , Transcriptoma , Catelicidinas/genética , Catelicidinas/química , Animais , Anfíbios/metabolismo , Filogenia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química
15.
PLoS One ; 19(11): e0313517, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39527597

RESUMO

A novel sanitizer tablet containing clove essential oil (CO) microemulsion was developed. A preformulation study using nuclear magnetic resonance and thermal analyses showed component compatibility. The main components of the samples remained intact despite a color change, probably due to a strong acid-base interaction between eugenol and diethanolamine. The CO microemulsion showed acaricidal and larvicidal activities superior to the commercial product, with product efficacy of 99.9% and larvae mortality of 94%. Optimal spray-drying conditions were achieved with inlet and outlet temperatures of 50°C and 40°C, respectively, an aspiration rate of 1 m3 min⁻1, and a 0.25 L h⁻1 injection flow. The feed suspension comprised 50% (v/v) liquid soap, 37.5% (v/v) water, 12.5% (v/v) ethanol, and 5.0% (w/v) silica. This formulation and processing parameters allowed for successful free-flow powder formation, providing a suitable matrix for incorporating the CO microemulsion via wet granulation without heating. Finally, sanitizer tablets produced from such granules resulted in a uniform product with low weight variation (coefficient of variation of 0.15%), eugenol content of 95.5% ± 3.3, and friability of 0.58%. Furthermore, the tablets showed rapid aqueous dispersion, forming a colloidal system with particle sizes of 221 nm and a zeta potential of -17.2 mV. Antimicrobial activity tests demonstrated the effectiveness of the sanitizer tablet against bacteria and fungi, exhibiting comparable antimicrobial potency to isolated CO. Hence, the sanitizer tablet developed represents a promising candidate as a practical and efficient solution for pest control, offering strong antimicrobial and acaricidal activity.


Assuntos
Acaricidas , Óleo de Cravo , Emulsões , Comprimidos , Óleo de Cravo/química , Óleo de Cravo/farmacologia , Acaricidas/química , Acaricidas/farmacologia , Emulsões/química , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Sabões/química , Sabões/farmacologia , Secagem por Atomização , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos
16.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 23(6): 972-982, nov. 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1579780

RESUMO

Piper is a large plant genus containing essential oils rich in mono and sesquiterpenes and other secondary metabolites showing different biological activities. Piper aequale, cordoncillo, is used in México for urinary and prostate ailments, suggesting a potential therapeutic effect against prostate cancer. Due to the lack of chemical and pharmacological information on this species, in this work antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities were evaluated. Leaves ethanol and methanol extracts were used to assess antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP), antimicrobial activity (Kirby-Bauer) against clinically relevant strains and antiproliferative activity on prostate cancer cell line PC-3 (MTT assay). Methanolic extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, with 69.08% (DPPH) and inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacterial strains associated with urinary tract infections. Ethanolic extract displayed moderate antiproliferative activity (IC5081.28 µg/mL), showing cytotoxicity from 100 µg/mL. This study demonstrates P. aequale exhibits inhibitory effects against bacteria associated with urinary problems and antiproliferative properties in prostate cancer cells.


Piper es un género numeroso de plantas con aceites esenciales ricos en mono y sesquiterpenos y otros metabolitos bioactivos. Piper aequale, cordoncillo, se usa en México para afecciones urinarias y prostáticas, sugiriendo un posible efecto terapéutico contra el cáncer de próstata. Con poca información química y farmacológica, en este trabajo se evaluaron las actividades antimicrobiana y antiproliferativa. En los extractos etanólico EE y metanólico EM de hojas se determinaron la actividad antioxidante (DPPH, FRAP), antimicrobiana (Kirby-Bauer) frente a cepas clínicamente relevantes y antiproliferativa en la línea celular PC-3 de cáncer de próstata (ensayo MTT). EM exhibió la mayor actividad antioxidante, 69,08% (DPPH) y efecto inhibidor de bacterias asociadas a infecciones urinarias. EE mostró actividad antiproliferativa moderada (IC5081,28 µg/mL) y citotoxicidad a partir de 100 µg/mL. Este estudio demostró que P. aequale ejerció actividad antimicrobiana contra bacterias presentes en afecciones urinarias y actividad antiproliferativa en células de cáncer de próstata.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Próstata/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Piper/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Medicina Tradicional , México , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia
17.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 96(4): e20240436, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39383431

RESUMO

Nanotechnology is a fast-growing field with large number of applications. Therefore, the current study, was designed to prepare Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from A. modesta leaves extract through a cost-effective method. The prepared NPs were characterized through UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The XRD and DLS analysis revealed the hexagonal nanocrystalline nature of ZnO NPs. The FTIR results displayed multiple fictional groups and UV results confirmed its optical properties. The average size of the NPs was 68.3 nm with a band gap of 2.71 eV. The SEM images divulge a clover leaf shape of ZnO NPs. The EDX spectrum revealed the presence of zinc and oxygen. The prepared NPs showed excellent biomedical application. The highest antileishmanial activity was 68%, anti-inflammatory activity was 78%, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was 79.1%, antibacterial potential (ZOI) 22.1 mm, and highest growth inhibition of 85 ± 2.1% against A. rabiei. The adsorption efficiency of 85.3% within 120 min was obtained. Conclusively ZnO NPs have shown potential biomedical and environmental applications and ought to be the more investigated to enhance their practical use.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Compostos Fitoquímicos , Óxido de Zinco , Óxido de Zinco/farmacologia , Óxido de Zinco/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/química , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Difração de Raios X , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Nanopartículas/química , Química Verde/métodos
18.
J Food Sci ; 89(11): 7217-7227, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39366778

RESUMO

Liquid smoke, an alternative to traditional wood burning smoking, enhances product value by imparting desirable characteristics such as aroma, flavor, and color. Furthermore, it contains components with inherent antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. This study compares the effects of liquid smoke and conventional smoking methods in bacon processing. Over a 90-day storage period at 22°C, physical-chemical stability, sensory attributes, and microbiological characteristics of the bacon were evaluated. The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of liquid smoke were assessed. Liquid smoke exhibited antioxidant activity, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.19 mg/mL, indicating the concentration of the extract needed to inhibit 50% of DPPH (2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals. Moreover, it demonstrated antimicrobial effects against Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesius, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes, with a minimum bactericidal concentration ranging from 7.5% to 10%. Throughout the storage, bacon treated with liquid smoke showed no signs of rancid odor, supported by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values below 0.85 mg MDA/kg (where MDA is malondialdehyde). The utilization of liquid smoke yielded visually attractive bacon with enhanced color attributes, including a distinct yellow and red hue, as well as increased luminosity and brightness, surpassing the effects of traditional smoke. Remarkably, liquid smoke application significantly reduced processing time from 30 h to approximately 5 h, leading to substantial cost savings in the processing phase.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Listeria monocytogenes , Produtos da Carne , Fumaça , Staphylococcus aureus , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Listeria monocytogenes/efeitos dos fármacos , Listeria monocytogenes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Produtos da Carne/microbiologia , Produtos da Carne/análise , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Paladar , Armazenamento de Alimentos/métodos , Conservação de Alimentos/métodos , Cor
19.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 96(4): e20231370, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39475999

RESUMO

The demand for less hazardous and environmentally friendly surface disinfectants is growing and essential oils may be efficient alternatives. Vapor phase assay is a promising technique which explore the volatility of essential oils for determining the antimicrobial activity. In this study, we modified the conditions of the inverted Petri dish technique to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). As a proof of concept, the antimicrobial activity of Hesperozygis myrtoides essential oil (HM) was studied for the first time in the vapor phase. According to the established protocol the oil volatilization dynamics was used to determine the major compounds in the vapor phase. After 270 min, the relative percentage was like that observed in the crude oil analysis. The HM was also evaluated for safety (IC50=921.2 µg ml-1), being considered safe in case of acute oral exposure. The oil vapors completely inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (MIC=0.39 mg l-1), Candida albicans (MIC=0.83 mg l-1), Aspergillus brasiliensis (MIC=378 mg l-1) and Bacillus subtilis (MIC=704.8 mg l-1). This protocol offers an economical and efficient alternative for antimicrobial activity and safety determination of essential oils, can be used for the evaluation of several applications of essential oils, as disinfectant agent in inhabited environments.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Candida albicans , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Óleos Voláteis , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Lamiaceae/química , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Bacillus subtilis/efeitos dos fármacos , Volatilização
20.
PeerJ ; 12: e18331, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39469595

RESUMO

Background: The management of endodontic infections is a complex challenge, mainly due to the involvement of diverse microorganisms and their by-products. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), and their combined application as intracanal medications in combating Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from E. coli. Methods: A total of 60 single-rooted human teeth were carefully selected and divided into six groups. These tooth canals were deliberately exposed to E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) to induce biofilm formation. Subsequently, the specimens were treated with NAC, Ca(OH)2, or a combination of both substances. Three samples of the root canals were collected at three moments: the first sample (S1) was to confirm the initial contamination, the second sample (S2) was immediately post-instrumentation, and the third sample (S3) was collected after the use of the intracanal medication. The antimicrobial efficacy of these intracanal medications was assessed by enumerating colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). In addition to this, the kinetic chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay by Lonza was used to quantify LPS from E. coli. Data tested for normality; then, Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests were used, and Dunn's for multiple comparisons. Results: The findings of this study showed significant reductions in the microbial load of E. faecalis and E. coli by S3. Notably, there were no statistically significant differences among the treatment groups concerning these microorganisms. However, it was observed that only the combination of NAC and Ca(OH)2 led to a noteworthy decrease in the quantity of E. coli's LPS after 7-days, demonstrating a statistically significant difference from the other treatment groups. NAC + Ca(OH)2 combination, applied for a duration of 7-days, proved to be more suitable in reducing the presence of E. faecalis, E. coli, and LPS from E. coli within the context of endodontic infections.


Assuntos
Acetilcisteína , Hidróxido de Cálcio , Enterococcus faecalis , Escherichia coli , Lipopolissacarídeos , Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Hidróxido de Cálcio/farmacologia , Acetilcisteína/farmacologia , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Cavidade Pulpar/microbiologia , Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/farmacologia
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