Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 405
Filtrar
1.
Codas ; 36(6): e20230315, 2024.
Artigo em Português, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39292109

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To analyze the influence of temperature on the flow/texture of different foods, immediately after preparation and after one hour, and 2) To compare the influence of varying the cook in food preparation, in relation to food flow. METHODS: This is a quantitative and experimental study. The IDDSI standardized flow test was used to evaluate the remaining volume in the syringe and the levels of foods (porridge, smoothie, liquid soup, and pureed light soup) prepared by different cooks, in triplicate, at time zero (T0) and after one hour (T1). RESULTS: Differences in temperature were observed in all foods at T0 and T1 (p < 0.05). The IDDSI level changed only in porridge, from level 3 to 4 (p = 0.043). Modifications were observed in the preparation by different cooks for smoothie, on the 2nd and 3rd day (p = 0.049), from level 3 to 4 of IDDSI. In porridge, on the 1st and 3rd day (p = 0.048) and 2nd and 3rd day (p = 0.048), with a change from level 4 to 3 of IDDSI. CONCLUSION: The temperature of all foods differed within the one-hour interval, with modifications in the flow test and in the IDDSI levels, from level 3 to 4, only for porridge. Different cooks prepared the smoothie and porridge with different characteristics, resulting in changes from level 3 to 4 in both foods.


OBJETIVO: 1) Analisar a influência da temperatura no fluxo/textura dos diferentes alimentos, logo após o preparo e após uma hora, e 2) Comparar a influência de variar o cozinheiro no preparo dos alimentos, em relação ao fluxo dos alimentos. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e experimental. Utilizou-se o teste de fluxo padronizado pelo IDDSI, para avaliar o volume restante da seringa e os níveis dos alimentos (mingau, vitamina, sopa líquida e sopa leve batida) preparados por diferentes cozinheiros, em triplicata, no tempo zero (T0) e após uma hora (T1). RESULTADOS: Foi observado diferenças na temperatura em todos os alimentos no T0 e T1 (p < 0,05). O nível do IDDSI mudou apenas no mingau, de nível 3 para 4 (p = 0,043). Modificações foram observadas no preparo por diferentes cozinheiros para vitamina, no 2° e 3° dia (p=0,049), do nível 3 para 4 do IDDSI. No mingau, no 1° e 3°dia (p=0,048) e 2°e 3° dia (p=0,048), com mudança de nível 4 para 3 do IDDSI. CONCLUSÃO: A temperatura de todos os alimentos foi diferente, no intervalo de uma hora, com modificações no teste de fluxo e nos níveis do IDDSI, do nível 3 para 4, apenas para o mingau. Diferentes cozinheiros prepararam a vitamina e o mingau com características diferentes, e consequente, mudanças do nível 3 para 4 em ambos os alimentos.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Deglutição , Temperatura , Humanos , Transtornos de Deglutição/fisiopatologia , Culinária , Manipulação de Alimentos/normas , Dieta/normas , Fatores de Tempo , Alimentos/normas
2.
Adv Nutr ; 15(11): 100303, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39278466

RESUMO

Current international infant and young child (IYC) feeding recommendations consider nutrition and health but not environmental impacts. Only a handful of countries have dietary guidelines that provide quantitative recommendations for food groups of environmental concern. This study aimed to perform a narrative review of the environmental impacts of commercial milk formula compared with breastfeeding and to analyze the degree to which current country-specific IYC feeding recommendations are aligned with sustainable dietary targets. A mixed-methods review was conducted, including the following: 1) a narrative review of the environmental impact of commercial milk formula compared with breastfeeding and 2) a comparison of recommended intake of meats and dairy for children IYC based on country-specific dietary guidelines compared with the EAT-Lancet Commission dietary targets (ELCT) for children 24 mo or older and adults and if the ELCT should be adjusted for the energy needs of IYC. Formula feeding has a greater environmental impact (∼48% higher carbon footprint) than exclusive breastfeeding. Available country-specific dietary guidelines for meat and dairy products in children IYC are, in general, at or below the upper limits of the ELCT recommended ranges for older children and adults but are in most cases above the upper limit when adjusting for the energy needs of IYC. Exclusive breastfeeding should be protected and promoted not only as the healthier but also as the most sustainable alternative. Available complementary dietary feeding recommendations of nonprocessed meat and dairy fall below current ELCT for older children and adults. Given that IYC require a more nutrient-dense diet than older children and adults and considering the small quantities they consume, we recommend using the unadjusted ELCT as reference for IYC feeding while specific international consumption recommendations are developed for this age group.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Política Nutricional , Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Fórmulas Infantis , Dieta/normas , Laticínios , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Meio Ambiente , Carne , Saúde Global , Feminino , Necessidades Nutricionais , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Recomendações Nutricionais
3.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 121(7): e20230705, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Português, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39166563

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Achieving nutritional goals established by scientific societies is a constant challenge and not always achieved. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dietary adequacy of individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD), participants in the Cardioprotective Brazilian Food Program residing in the Northeast region of Brazil, according to the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC). METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis with data from the study implementing the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet (DICA BR), which evaluated individuals with CVD treated in specialized cardiovascular health centers in eight states in the Northeast region. Food consumption was obtained by 24-hour dietary records and dietary adequacy followed SBC recommendations. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: 647 patients were studied, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 63.1 (9.4) years, 50.2% of whom were female. When evaluating food intake, a low adequacy of carbohydrates (52.3%), proteins (70.9%), lipids (38.8%), and fiber (22.4%) was observed. It was observed that the majority of women consumed a low-protein diet (59.2%) and the elderly had a greater inadequacy in carbohydrate consumption (52.6%). Regarding sodium intake, men had a higher intake (72.9%), while the elderly showed a 13% reduction. Furthermore, it was shown that men ate more fiber (28.1%) and individuals with higher education had a high consumption of saturated fatty acids (70.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Most individuals did not achieve the recommended dietary therapy goals for secondary cardiovascular prevention. The findings of the present study reinforce the need to implement structured strategies to encourage healthy eating habits in these individuals.


FUNDAMENTO: Alcançar as metas nutricionais estabelecidas pelas sociedades científicas é um desafio constante e nem sempre alcançado. OBJETIVO: Investigar a adequação alimentar de indivíduos com doença cardiovascular (DCV), participantes do Programa Alimentar Brasileiro Cardioprotetor residentes da região Nordeste do Brasil, segundo as recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC). MÉTODOS: Análise transversal com dados do estudo de implementação da Dieta Cardioprotetora Brasileira (DICA BR) que avaliou indivíduos com DCV, atendidos em centros especializados em saúde cardiovascular em oito estados do Nordeste. O consumo alimentar foi obtido por recordatório alimentar de 24 horas e a adequação da dieta seguiu as recomendações da SBC. Foram considerados significantes valores de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 647 pacientes, com média (desvio padrão) de idade de 63,1 (9,4) anos, sendo 50,2% do sexo feminino. Na avaliação da ingestão alimentar, observou-se baixa adequação de carboidratos (52,3%), proteínas (70,9%), lipídios (38,8%) e fibras (22,4%). Observou-se que a maioria das mulheres consumia dieta hipoproteica (59,2%) e idosos tinham maior inadequação no consumo de carboidratos (52,6%). Em relação a ingestão de sódio, os homens apresentaram maior ingestão (72,9%), enquanto os idosos apresentaram redução de 13%. Além disso, foi demonstrado que os homens ingeriam mais fibras (28,1%) e indivíduos com maior escolaridade tinham um consumo elevado de ácidos graxos saturados (70,5%). CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos indivíduos não alcançou as metas dietoterápicas preconizadas para prevenção cardiovascular secundária. Os achados do presente estudo reforçam a necessidade de implementação de estratégias estruturadas, a fim de estimular hábitos alimentares saudáveis nesses indivíduos.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Política Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Dieta/normas , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores Sexuais , Registros de Dieta
5.
Am J Epidemiol ; 193(11): 1507-1510, 2024 Nov 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38992167

RESUMO

A priority of nutrition science is to identify dietary determinants of health and disease to inform effective public health policies, guidelines, and clinical interventions. Yet, conflicting findings in synthesizing evidence from randomized trials and observational studies have contributed to confusion and uncertainty. Often, heterogeneity can be explained by the fact that seemingly similar bodies of evidence are asking very different questions. Improving the alignment within and between research domains begins with investigators clearly defining their diet and disease questions; however, nutritional exposures are complex and often require a greater degree of specificity. First, dietary data are compositional, meaning a change in a food may imply a compensatory change of other foods. Second, dietary data are multidimensional; that is, the primary components (ie, foods) comprise subcomponents (eg, nutrients), and subcomponents can be present in multiple primary components. Third, because diet is a lifelong exposure, the composition of a study population's background diet has implications for the interpretation of the exposure and the transportability of effect estimates. Collectively clarifying these key aspects of inherently complex dietary exposures when conducting research will facilitate appropriate evidence synthesis, improve certainty of evidence, and improve the ability of these efforts to inform policy and decision-making.


Assuntos
Dieta , Ciências da Nutrição , Humanos , Dieta/normas , Projetos de Pesquisa
6.
J Am Coll Health ; 72(4): 1120-1126, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35549621

RESUMO

Objective: To comparatively analyze nutrient intake and dietary adequacy on weekdays (WKDs) and weekends (WKNs) among undergraduate students. Participants: University students (N = 210), 18-30 years old. Methods: A two-day food record was used. Intake of energy, macronutrients, micronutrients and fiber were calculated, without and with an adjustment for 2000 kcal of energy and compared to the corresponding nutritional requirements. Results: Energy and macronutrients' intake was higher on WKNs (1,776.84 ± 40.68 vs. 2,025.76 ± 52.46 kcal; p < .05). There was a high predominance of hypocaloric diet on both WKDs (72%) and WKNs (57%). A low prevalence (<50%) of favorable intake level of most micronutrients and fiber was found on WKDs, WKNs, or both. There was a lower favorable intake of vitamins A, C, iron, and magnesium on WKNs, after adjusting for 2000 kcal. Conclusion: Undergraduate students showed an unfavorable nutrient intake and poor dietary quality on WKNs. Interventions that promote healthy eating are needed.


Assuntos
Ingestão de Energia , Estudantes , Humanos , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes/psicologia , Feminino , Masculino , Universidades/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Adolescente , Registros de Dieta , Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Dieta/normas , Micronutrientes/administração & dosagem , Comportamento Alimentar , Necessidades Nutricionais
7.
J Acad Nutr Diet ; 122(3): 640-649.e12, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34020932

RESUMO

Home gardens may help address childhood malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries. In this quasi-experimental pilot study, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in collaboration with Maya Health Alliance, evaluated the feasibility of augmenting a standard-of-care nutrition-specific package for Maya children with length-for-age z score ≤-2 (stunting) in rural Guatemala with a nutrition-sensitive home garden intervention. Two agrarian municipalities in Guatemala were included. Families of 70 children with stunting from 1 municipality received the standard-of-care package (food supplementation, multiple micronutrient powders, monthly nutrition home visits, group nutrition classes). Families of 70 children with stunting from another municipality received the standard-of-care package plus a home garden intervention (garden materials, monthly agricultural home visits, agriculture classes). Maternal and child dietary diversity, household food insecurity, child growth, and agricultural indicators were collected at baseline and 6 months later and were analyzed using mixed linear and logistic regression models. Compared with the standard-of-care group, the garden intervention group had improved child (odds ratio [OR] 3.66, 95% CI 0.89-15.10, P = 0.07) and maternal dietary diversity (OR 2.31, 95% CI 0.80-6.65, P = 0.12) and decreased food insecurity (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.11-1.35, P = 0.14); however, these effects were not statistically significant. Participation in gardens predicted a higher length-for-age z-score (change difference [CD] 0.22 SD, 95% CI 0.05-0.38, P = 0.009), greater crop species count (CD 2.97 crops, 95% CI 1.79-4.16, P < 0.001), and greater nutritional functional diversity (CD 0.04 points, 95% CI 0.01-0.07, P = 0.006) than standard-of-care alone. Home garden interventions are feasible in rural Guatemala and may have potential benefits for child growth when added to other nutrition-specific interventions.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/terapia , Dieta/normas , Jardinagem , Jardins , Transtornos do Crescimento/terapia , Terapia Nutricional , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/etnologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Transtornos do Crescimento/etnologia , Guatemala , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , População Rural , Padrão de Cuidado
8.
J Hum Nutr Diet ; 34(4): 736-746, 2021 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33497513

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease patients often use food preparation techniques to reduce potassium intake. However, the most effective techniques have not yet been determined for all food groups. The present study aimed to analyse all of the available information on potassium reduction in the food and identify the best preparation techniques by comparing the trend of change in potassium level. METHODS: Nine databases were searched from 1976 to May 2020, according to the PRISMA Statement. We included all articles reporting the amount of potassium before and after the application of food preparation techniques. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon test and statistical simulation. RESULTS: A wide variety of food and culinary processes was observed in the 65 included articles. Cooking in water, pressure cooking and cooking in a microwave oven reduced potassium levels in all food groups, particularly in cereals and derivatives, fruits and derivatives, meats and derivatives, legumes, and leafy and cruciferous vegetables. Soaking food significantly reduced the potassium content in tubers and roots and leafy and cruciferous vegetables. Steam cooking and dry heating cooking also reduced potassium, although at a level lower than the other techniques. CONCLUSIONS: The present review shows that, in general, all food preparation techniques can reduce the potassium content, although cooking in water and soaking promotes a greater reduction; however, more studies with standardised techniques and complete data are necessary.


Assuntos
Culinária/métodos , Dieta/normas , Potássio na Dieta , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/dietoterapia , Ingredientes de Alimentos , Humanos
9.
Nutrients ; 14(1)2021 Dec 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35010911

RESUMO

As the population ages, greater attention to age-related health problems related to diet and lifestyles is needed. Here, we sought to evaluate the associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and food insecurity with the quality of diet of non-institutionalized elderly from a southern Chilean commune. We performed an analytical cross-sectional study in a sample of 376 older adults. Nutritional status was evaluated through anthropometric measurements. Quality of diet was determined by the healthy eating index (HEI), obtained through the frequency of consumption questionnaire. Socioeconomic, demographic, and lifestyle variables were also collected. Ordinal logistic and Poisson regression models were applied to study associations with quality of diet. The sample consisted of more women (81.6%) than men (18.4%). Most older adults were found to live in a situation of vulnerability or poverty (82.4%), with most having food security (65.7%). According to the HEI, only 14.1% had a good quality of diet, 83.8% had diet in need of improvement, and 2.1% had an unhealthy diet. There was an association of food insecurity and cardiovascular risk (according to waist circumference) with lower quality of diet categories. However, an association with the unhealthy quality of diet category was not confirmed with Poisson regression analysis, which was possibly due to the low number of subjects in that category (n = 8, 2.1%). Other modifiable factors like physical activity, hours of sleep, and polypharmacy were not associated with lower quality of diet categories. Socioeconomic status, which is a structural health determinant, was not associated with decreased quality of diet. Since this was a cross-sectional study performed on a small sample from a Chilean commune, directionality of associations cannot be discerned, and future longitudinal studies could aim to better characterize these associations in larger samples of elderly patients.


Assuntos
Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Insegurança Alimentar , Estado Nutricional , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Chile/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Dieta/normas , Dieta Saudável/estatística & dados numéricos , Exercício Físico/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pobreza/estatística & dados numéricos , Sono , Classe Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e Questionários
10.
Poult Sci ; 100(1): 147-158, 2021 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33357677

RESUMO

An experiment was conducted to estimate the nutritional requirements of calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (aP) for Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in the egg-laying stage (64-168 D). The experiment was an entirely randomized design, in a factorial scheme (Ca = 1.70, 2.40, 3.10, and 3.80% and aP = 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60%), with 3 replicates and 10 quails per experimental unit. No interactions were found for quail body weight and daily feed intake (DFI) (P > 0.05). However, body weight decreased linearly (P < 0.05) as the levels of Ca increased, whereas DFI exhibited a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) for both Ca and aP. The lowest values of DFI were estimated in 2.79 and 0.36% for Ca and aP, respectively. Egg production, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio per egg dozen presented significant interaction in which all of them had a quadratic effect (P < 0.05), with estimations for maximum yield in feed containing 2.74, 2.71, 2.75, and 2.74% Ca and 0.40, 0.39, 0.39, and 0.40% aP. The concentration of Ca in the eggshell increased linearly as per the levels of Ca studied, having a quadratic effect for aP levels, with a maximum point of 0.44%. In relation to the bone parameters, there was a linear interaction for Ca and aP in bone density and bone resistance (BR) of the femur, with a quadratic effect in BD estimating 2.84 and 0.50% for Ca and aP, respectively. In BR, the estimation was 3.27% Ca, with linear increase for aP. The BR of the tibiotarso increased linearly as per the Ca levels, obtaining the same Ca concentration response in this bone. As conclusion, when considering the estimations obtained through overlapped contour plots, the best responses to the effects of Ca and aP on productive characteristics were estimated at 2.68% Ca and 0.38% aP to produce feed for egg-laying Japanese quails.


Assuntos
Cálcio , Coturnix , Necessidades Nutricionais , Fósforo , Ração Animal/análise , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Animais , Cálcio/metabolismo , Coturnix/fisiologia , Dieta/normas , Dieta/veterinária , Necessidades Nutricionais/fisiologia , Oviposição/fisiologia , Fósforo/metabolismo , Distribuição Aleatória
11.
J Hum Nutr Diet ; 34(1): 3-12, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32337779

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The first 2 years of life represent a critical phase for growth and development, with the quality of the diet at this stage having repercussions throughout adulthood. The present study aimed to develop an Index for Measuring the Quality of Complementary Feeding (IMQCF) for infants, as well as to evaluate diet quality and its effects on the nutritional status of preterm infants. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a Brazilian University Hospital. The data were extracted by care protocol of outpatient preterm infants at 2 years of corrected age (CA). Dietary data were collected from 24-h recalls. The diet quality was assessed by the IMQCF composed of nine items based on a Brazilian Food Guide for children aged <2 years. Response options were scored 0-100, with scores closer to 100 representing a better quality diet. Association with growth indicators (Z-scores for weight- and length-for-age (WAZ and LAZ) were evaluated via tests of mean difference and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: The median complementary feeding (CF) score was 72.2 (61.1-77.8) A shorter breastfeeding duration or infant formula use and the early introduction of wheat-based foods, ultra-processed foods and cow's milk in the preterm's diet were the main factors interfering in the adequacy of diet. There was an association between the quality of the diet score and WAZ (0.44; 95% confidence interval = 0.03-0.85; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of poor quality food in the first 2 years of life interfered with the CF quality of preterm infants and can affect nutritional status at 2 years of CA, possibly in the long term.


Assuntos
Dieta/normas , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente/normas , Recém-Nascido Prematuro/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estado Nutricional , Brasil/epidemiologia , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino
12.
J Acad Nutr Diet ; 121(4): 762-769, 2021 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33109502

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Psychological stress may influence health by negatively affecting dietary intake. However, there are few studies on the connection between stress and dietary intake in Puerto Rico (PR), a population with documented poor diet quality. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between perceived stress and intake of macronutrients and diet quality among adults in PR. DESIGN: Cross-sectional data came from the Puerto Rico Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle, and Diseases study (2015). PARTICIPANTS: This analysis included data from 238 adults (30-75 years old) in the San Juan metro area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dietary intake was measured with a food frequency questionnaire adapted and validated to the PR population. The Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) score was calculated to measure diet quality. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Multivariate linear models adjusted for sociodemographics, anthropometrics, behavioral factors, and social support were used to determine adjusted mean macronutrient intake and AHEI scores by perceived stress category. RESULTS: In models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, high perceived stress was significantly associated with higher intake of total energy, added sugars, and saturated fats; lower intake of dietary fiber and vegetable protein; and lower AHEI score compared with low perceived stress (all P < .05). With further adjustment for lifestyle behaviors, central obesity, and social support, high perceived stress remained significantly associated with added sugars, saturated fats, and vegetable protein only. CONCLUSIONS: Higher perceived stress was associated with unhealthy dietary intake in adults residing in the San Juan area, PR. Future longitudinal studies with larger sample size are needed to build on these findings and to test the potential mediating and moderating roles of behavioral and social support factors in this population.


Assuntos
Dieta Saudável , Dieta/psicologia , Dieta/normas , Ingestão de Energia , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Fibras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Açúcares da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Análise dos Mínimos Quadrados , Modelos Lineares , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Porto Rico/epidemiologia
13.
Br J Nutr ; 125(10): 1177-1187, 2021 05 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32878664

RESUMO

This study aims to investigate the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and its association with the non-communicable disease (NCD)-related nutrient profile of adult and elderly populations in Portugal. Cross-sectional data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2015-2016) of the Portuguese population were analysed. Dietary intake was assessed by two non-consecutive 24-h recalls, and food items were classified according to the NOVA system. We estimated the percentage of dietary energy provided by each of the NOVA food groups and assessed the NCD-related nutrient profile of the overall diet across quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption. Weighted t tests, besides crude and adjusted linear and Poisson regressions, were performed. Ultra-processed foods contributed to around 24 and 16 % of daily energy intake for adults and elderly, respectively. In both groups, as the consumption of ultra-processed foods increased, the dietary content of free sugars, total fats and saturated fats increased, while the dietary content of protein decreased. In adults, total energy intake, dietary energy density and content of carbohydrates also increased as the consumption of ultra-processed foods increased, while the dietary content of fibre, Na and K decreased. The prevalence of those exceeding the upper limits recommended for free sugars and saturated fats increased by 544 and 153 % in adults and 619 and 60 % in elderly, when comparing the lowest with the highest quintile of ultra-processed food consumption. Such a scenario demands for effective strategies addressing food processing in the Portuguese population to improve their diet quality and prevention against diet-related NCD.


Assuntos
Dieta/normas , Manipulação de Alimentos , Doenças não Transmissíveis , Estado Nutricional , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Análise de Alimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Distribuição de Poisson , Portugal
14.
PLoS One ; 15(12): e0244201, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33351827

RESUMO

Inadequate estimates of fiber and dry matter intake of sheep raised in tropical conditions may explain part of the inefficiency of those production systems. Therefore, we aimed to estimate dry matter intake (DMI) and neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI) of hair sheep raised under tropical conditions. A meta-analysis of 61 independent performance experiments, comprising a total of 413 experimental units (treatment means or animals), was performed. Trials were conducted in tropical conditions, using hair sheep in growing and finishing phases and endowed with the following information: neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in diet, initial and final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), DMI and NDFI of treatment means (51 studies) or individual data (10 studies). Data on organic matter and NDF digestibilities were collected to estimate D-value (Dv) and B-value (Bv) (20 and 33 studies, respectively). The equations obtained were: [Formula: see text] DMI (g/kg BW) as a function of Dv (g/kg DM) revealed a quadratic relationship, whose point of maximum DMI (38.69 g/kg BW) was obtained at 634.1 g/kg DM Dv. On the other hand, DMI decreased linearly as Bv (g/kg DM) increased. In conclusion, equations to predict DMI from BW and ADG as well to predict NDFI from dietary NDF were fitted with great accuracy and are recommended for hair sheep raised in tropical regions. DMI values were, in general, greater than those reported by the NRC, AFRC and INRA systems, which may be a reflection of the sheep breeds used in this study. Using Dv and Bv concepts was satisfactory to describe an integrated mechanism between metabolic and bulking regulation of DMI in sheep.


Assuntos
Ração Animal/normas , Fibras na Dieta/metabolismo , Ovinos/fisiologia , Clima Tropical , Animais , Peso Corporal , Dieta/normas , Dieta/veterinária , Modelos Teóricos , Lã/metabolismo
15.
Nutr Rev ; 78(Suppl 2): 80-90, 2020 12 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33196088

RESUMO

Health systems and society are facing the growing problem of obesity and its accompanying comorbidities. New approaches to reduce these problems must be oriented to population groups in which long-lasting effects of interventions may occur. Biological processes occurring during the first 1000 days of life, which may be modulated by environmental modifications and result in phenotypes with differential risk for noncommunicable chronic disease, constitute an opportunity for interventions. The nutritional and general health conditions of pregnant women and the fetus, as well as toddlers, can be improved with interventions during the first 1000 days, offering pregnancy care, promoting breastfeeding, instructing on the use of complementary foods, and educating on the adequacy of the family dietary patterns for children. Evidence that interventions during this period result in promotion of children's growth and development, influencing the risk for development of obesity in infancy, is available. In this article, an ongoing program in Mexico City directed to offer continuum of care during the first 1000 days is described.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Dieta/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Recém-Nascido , México , Estado Nutricional
16.
Epidemiol Serv Saude ; 29(1): e2018381, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32321046

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: to analyze markers of healthy and unhealthy food consumption and associated socio-economic, demographic and behavioral factors in women in the rural area of Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in 2017; outcomes were collected using a Ministry of Health food consumption marker instrument; Poisson regression was used. RESULTS: 963 women (15-49 years old) were included in the study; previous day consumption frequencies were beans 71.2%; sweetened beverages, 66.1%; fresh fruit, 52.9%; vegetables, 55.1%; filled sweet biscuits/desserts/candies, 35.5%; hamburger/charcuterie 22.5%, and instant noodles/savory biscuits 19.9%; fruit and vegetable consumption was higher in the A/B economic classes; prevalence of unhealthy food consumption was higher among women aged 15-19; women who ate 5/6 meals a day consumed more fresh fruit, vegetables and filled sweet biscuits/desserts/candies. CONCLUSION: appropriate prevalence of healthy consumption markers and moderate prevalence of unhealthy food consumption markers were found.


Assuntos
Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Alimentar , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Dieta/normas , Feminino , Frutas , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Verduras , Adulto Jovem
17.
Ecol Food Nutr ; 59(4): 420-435, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32159391

RESUMO

Food insecurity has been associated with decreased household food supplies, which could affect children's fruit and vegetables intakes and increases their risk of being overweight or obese. The aim of this study was to determine if food insecurity was associated with lower fruit and vegetables consumption and overweight and obesity in children from Mexican fishing communities. A cross-sectional study was 4conducted with 100 elementary-school children aged 6-12 years. A survey that evaluated socioeconomic conditions, food insecurity, and fruits and vegetables consumption was applied. Weight and height were measured. The association between key variables and food insecurity was assessed using linear regression. Sixty-four percent of households experienced food insecurity. Food-insecure children reported lower consumption of fruits and fruits plus vegetables than did their peers with food security (P trend = 0.040 and 0.038, respectively). Food insecurity was also associated with lower chance to meet the recommendation of fruit and vegetable consumption (P trend in logit < 0.001), but was negatively associated with the prevalence of overweight and obesity (P trend in logit < 0.001). Food-insecure children had lower fruits and vegetables consumption but were no more likely to be overweight or obese than their food-secure counterparts.


Assuntos
Dieta/normas , Insegurança Alimentar , Frutas , Verduras , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Características da Família/etnologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/etnologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores Socioeconômicos
18.
Cien Saude Colet ; 25(2): 703-713, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32022210

RESUMO

The scope of this study was to conduct a critical analysis of the application of the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index - Revised (BHEI-R), to explain the ease and difficulties in its calculation, to suggest adaptations and to compare its distribution. This was done in accordance with sociodemographic variables among the 15,105 public servants participating in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health from 2008 to 2010. Food consumption was assessed based on a Food Frequency Questionnaire and BHEI-R was estimated in four ways: original; weighted for frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables; modified considering legumes separated from other vegetables, and adapted covering the two previous changes. The results indicated that irrespective of the adaptation performed, women, individuals over 65 years of age and individuals with lower schooling had higher mean scores indicating a better quality diet. It is believed that the proposed adaptations may be useful for future studies that apply BHEI-R.


O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar criticamente a aplicação do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta ­ Revisado (IQD-R), explicitar facilidades e dificuldades em seu cálculo, sugerir adaptações e comparar sua distribuição segundo variáveis sociodemográficas entre os 15.105 servidores públicos participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto, no período de 2008 a 2010. O consumo alimentar foi aferido com base em Questionário de Frequência Alimentar e o IQD-R foi estimado de quatro maneiras: original; ponderado para frequência de consumo de frutas e hortaliças; modificado considerando leguminosas separado dos demais vegetais e adaptado abrangendo as duas alterações anteriores. Os resultados indicaram que independentemente da adaptação realizada, as mulheres, os indivíduos com mais de 65 anos e os indivíduos de menor escolaridade apresentaram escores médios mais altos indicando dieta de melhor qualidade. Acredita-se que as adaptações propostas podem ser úteis para estudos futuros que apliquem o IQD-R.


Assuntos
Dieta Saudável , Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Alimentar , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Brasil , Dieta/normas , Feminino , Frutas , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Verduras
19.
Int J Food Sci Nutr ; 71(6): 678-692, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32053758

RESUMO

Processed and ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption has been associated with development of noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCD). This systematic review aims to summarise and discuss evidence of the relationship between food consumption according to degree of food processing and cardiometabolic risk. Data search was conducted in databases as PubMed, Bireme and Science Direct until July 2018. Studies have shown a positive association of UPF consumption with excess body weight, hypertension, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome features. However, disparities found in the studies analysed regarding dietary assessment, confounding factors and differences in food classifications makes comparisons between studies difficult. In conclusion, current evidences indicate the need to monitor UPF intake in global population. However, more studies are necessary to interpret better these associations with similar methodologies used in the studies. As well as longitudinal analyses can help to improve comparisons between outcomes and establish cause-effect relationship between UPF intake and cardiometabolic risk.


Assuntos
Fatores de Risco Cardiometabólico , Dieta/normas , Manipulação de Alimentos/classificação , Alimentos/classificação , Peso Corporal , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Ingestão de Alimentos , Qualidade dos Alimentos , Humanos , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia
20.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Online);25(2): 703-713, Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055831

RESUMO

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar criticamente a aplicação do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta - Revisado (IQD-R), explicitar facilidades e dificuldades em seu cálculo, sugerir adaptações e comparar sua distribuição segundo variáveis sociodemográficas entre os 15.105 servidores públicos participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto, no período de 2008 a 2010. O consumo alimentar foi aferido com base em Questionário de Frequência Alimentar e o IQD-R foi estimado de quatro maneiras: original; ponderado para frequência de consumo de frutas e hortaliças; modificado considerando leguminosas separado dos demais vegetais e adaptado abrangendo as duas alterações anteriores. Os resultados indicaram que independentemente da adaptação realizada, as mulheres, os indivíduos com mais de 65 anos e os indivíduos de menor escolaridade apresentaram escores médios mais altos indicando dieta de melhor qualidade. Acredita-se que as adaptações propostas podem ser úteis para estudos futuros que apliquem o IQD-R.


Abstract The scope of this study was to conduct a critical analysis of the application of the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index - Revised (BHEI-R), to explain the ease and difficulties in its calculation, to suggest adaptations and to compare its distribution. This was done in accordance with sociodemographic variables among the 15,105 public servants participating in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health from 2008 to 2010. Food consumption was assessed based on a Food Frequency Questionnaire and BHEI-R was estimated in four ways: original; weighted for frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables; modified considering legumes separated from other vegetables, and adapted covering the two previous changes. The results indicated that irrespective of the adaptation performed, women, individuals over 65 years of age and individuals with lower schooling had higher mean scores indicating a better quality diet. It is believed that the proposed adaptations may be useful for future studies that apply BHEI-R.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Alimentar , Dieta Saudável , Verduras , Brasil , Fatores Sexuais , Estudos Longitudinais , Fatores Etários , Dieta/normas , Frutas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA