Assuntos
/diagnóstico , Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde , Pandemias , /isolamento & purificação , Antígenos Virais/análise , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , /economia , /estatística & dados numéricos , /imunologia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Financiamento Governamental , Humanos , Invenções , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Testes Imediatos , Parcerias Público-Privadas/organização & administração , RNA Viral/análise , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico/provisão & distribução , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/análise , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/imunologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This article describes an academic-clinical partnership program between a school of nursing and an American Nurse Credentialing Center Magnet®- and National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center based on a shared vision and multifaceted for optimal new graduate operating room (OR) recruitment and use of clinical partner resources. The program, now in its 3rd year, has a 100% retention rate among the cohorts. Implementing a multifaceted OR partnership program based on nursing theory is a strategy for workforce development to increase retention of new graduate OR nurses.
Assuntos
Bacharelado em Enfermagem/organização & administração , Hospitais de Ensino/organização & administração , Relações Interinstitucionais , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem no Hospital/educação , Enfermagem de Centro Cirúrgico/educação , Enfermagem de Centro Cirúrgico/organização & administração , Sociedades de Enfermagem/organização & administração , Recursos Humanos/organização & administração , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Objetivos Organizacionais , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Grupos de Populações Continentais/estatística & dados numéricos , Grupos Minoritários/estatística & dados numéricos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Sujeitos da Pesquisa/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Apoio à Pesquisa como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Biologia Computacional/história , Bases de Dados Factuais/história , Análise de Fourier , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/história , Redes Neurais de Computação , Pré-Publicações como Assunto/história , Linguagens de Programação , Tempo (Meteorologia) , Algoritmos , Bases de Dados de Ácidos Nucleicos/história , Bases de Dados de Proteínas/história , Conjuntos de Dados como Assunto/história , Aprendizado Profundo/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , National Library of Medicine (U.S.)/história , Física/história , Fatores de Tempo , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Faculdades de Medicina , Anticorpos Monoclonais/farmacologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/efeitos dos fármacos , Anticorpos Antivirais/fisiologia , Humanos , Liderança , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The NIH BRAIN Initiative is aimed at revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain. Here, we present a discussion of support for team research in investigative neuroscience at different stages and on various scales.
Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica , Encéfalo , Neurociências , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Limitations in workforce size and access to resources remain perennial challenges to greater progress in academic veterinary medicine and engagement between human and veterinary medicine (One Health). Ongoing resource constraints occur in part due to limited public understanding of the role veterinarians play in improving human health. One Health interactions, particularly through interdisciplinary collaborations in biomedical research, present constructive opportunities to inform resource policies and advance health care. To this end, inter-institutional partnerships between individual veterinary medical education programs (VMEPs) and several National Institutes of Health (NIH) intramural research programs have created synergies beyond those provided by individual programs. In the NIH Comparative Biomedical Scientist Training Program (CBSTP), interdisciplinary cross-training of veterinarians consisting of specialty veterinary medicine coupled with training in human disease research leading to a PhD, occurs collaboratively on both VMEP and NIH campuses. Pre-doctoral veterinary student research opportunities have also been made available. Through the CBSTP, NIH investigators and national biomedical science policy makers gain access to veterinary perspective and expertise, while veterinarians obtain additional opportunities for NIH-funded research training. CBSTP Fellows serve as de facto ambassadors enhancing visibility for the profession while in residence at NIH, and subsequently through a variety of university, industry, and government research appointments, as graduates. Thus, the CBSTP represents an inter-institutional opportunity that not only addresses critical needs for veterinarian-scientists in the biomedical workforce, but also simultaneously exposes national policy makers to veterinarian-scientists' specialized training, leading to more effective realization of One Health goals to benefit human and animal health.
Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica , Educação em Veterinária , Saúde Única , Médicos Veterinários , Animais , Objetivos , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/organização & administração , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Liderança , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Política , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/legislação & jurisprudência , Infecções por Coronavirus/mortalidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Empregados do Governo , Regulamentação Governamental , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Pneumonia Viral/mortalidade , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Competência Profissional , Quarentena/legislação & jurisprudência , Fatores de Tempo , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , United States Food and Drug AdministrationAssuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica/ética , Células HeLa , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido/ética , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido/legislação & jurisprudência , Racismo/prevenção & controle , Pesquisadores/ética , Justiça Social , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Adulto , Afro-Americanos/genética , Afro-Americanos/história , Aniversários e Eventos Especiais , Pesquisa Biomédica/economia , Feminino , História do Século XX , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislação & jurisprudência , Racismo/história , Marginalização Social , Estados Unidos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/terapiaRESUMO
The COVID-19 pandemic has slowed research progress, with particularly disruptive effects on investigations of addressing urgent public health challenges, such as chronic pain. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Department of Defense (DoD) Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Pain Management Collaboratory (PMC) supports 11 large-scale, multisite, embedded pragmatic clinical trials (PCTs) in military and veteran health systems. The PMC rapidly developed and enacted a plan to address key issues in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The PMC tracked and collaborated in developing plans for addressing COVID-19 impacts across multiple domains and characterized the impact of COVID-19 on PCT operations, including delays in recruitment and revisions of study protocols. A harmonized participant questionnaire will facilitate later meta-analyses and cross-study comparisons of the impact of COVID-19 across all 11 PCTs. The pandemic has affected intervention delivery, outcomes, regulatory and ethics issues, participant recruitment, and study design. The PMC took concrete steps to ensure scientific rigor while encouraging flexibility in the PCTs, while paying close attention to minimizing the burden on research participants, investigators, and clinical care teams. Sudden changes in the delivery of pain management interventions will probably alter treatment effects measured via PMC PCTs. Through the use of harmonized instruments and surveys, we are capturing these changes and plan to monitor the impact on research practices, as well as on health outcomes. Analyses of patient-reported measures over time will inform potential relationships between chronic pain, mental health, and various socioeconomic stressors common among Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/métodos , Infecções por Coronavirus , Saúde Mental/tendências , Manejo da Dor , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral , Pesquisa , Betacoronavirus , Dor Crônica/epidemiologia , Dor Crônica/psicologia , Dor Crônica/terapia , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Manejo da Dor/ética , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Manejo da Dor/tendências , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Seleção de Pacientes , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Pesquisa/organização & administração , Pesquisa/tendências , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , United States Department of Veterans AffairsAssuntos
Política , United States Food and Drug Administration/ética , United States Food and Drug Administration/legislação & jurisprudência , Comitês Consultivos/ética , Comitês Consultivos/organização & administração , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislação & jurisprudência , Confiança , Estados Unidos , Vacinas Virais/normasAssuntos
Bancos de Espécimes Biológicos/ética , Pesquisa Biomédica/ética , Experimentação Humana/ética , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido/ética , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/ética , Política Organizacional , Betacoronavirus , Bancos de Espécimes Biológicos/história , Pesquisa Biomédica/história , Códigos de Ética , Infecções por Coronavirus , Células HeLa , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido/história , Pandemias , Autonomia Pessoal , Pneumonia Viral , Racismo/história , Estados UnidosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the contemporary trends in National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants awarded to surgical investigators, including potential disparities. BACKGROUND: The NIH remains the primary public funding source for surgical research in the United States; however, the patterns for grants and grantees are poorly understood. METHODS: NIH RePORTER was queried for new grants (R01, -03, -21) awarded to Departments of Surgery (DoS). Principal investigators' (PIs) data were extracted from publicly available information from their institutions' websites and/or professional social media accounts. RESULTS: The NIH awarded 1101 new grants (total: $389,006,782; median: $313,030) between 2008 and 2018. Funding to DoS has doubled in the last 10 years ($22,983,500-2008 to $49,446,076-2018). Midwest/Southeast institutions and surgical oncologists accounted for majority of the grants (31.9% and 24.5%, respectively). Only 24.7% of the projects were led by female PIs, who were predominantly nonphysician PhD scientists (52% vs 37.7% PhD-only male PIs; P = 0.002). During this time, there was a significant increase from 12.4% to 31.7% in grants awarded to PIs with >15 years of experience. These grants were associated with 8215 publications; however, only 13.2% were published in high-impact journals (impact factor ≥10). 4.4% of the grants resulted in patents, and these were associated with higher award amounts ($345,801 vs $311,350; P = 0.030). On multivariate analysis, combined MD/PhD degree [odds ratio (OR) 5.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.18-16.39; P < 0.001] was associated with improved odds of patent creation; conversely, practicing surgeon PIs affected patent creation negatively (OR 0.31; 95% CI 0.11-0.85; P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: In the last decade, a greater proportion of NIH grants in DoS were awarded to more experienced investigators. Disparities exist among grantees, and female investigators are underrepresented, especially among practicing surgeons.