RESUMO
Introduction: Indigenous communities grapple with unique challenges in the aging process, often encountering amplified barriers to healthcare and resources, possibly due to their remote locations and distinct cultural backgrounds. Limited research exists on aging within Costa Rica's NgäbeBuglé Indigenous community, particularly the La Casona community in Coto Brus. This study explores the aging experience of the NgäbeBuglé community in La Casona, aiming to identify challenges and potential resources to enhance the quality of life and aging experience for elderly community members. Methods: This qualitative study utilized semistructured interviews to collect data from 14 elderly participants (6 female, 8 male), aged 52-90 years, living in the La Casona community. Participants were selected through purposeful snowball sampling techniques, and individual interviews were conducted at their residences. Interviews were conducted with assistance from an interpreter and lasted approximately 30-60 minutes. Thematic analysis was used to examine participants' responses to understand their experiences with aging. Results: Three primary themes emerged: economic difficulties, insufficient social support, and cultural aspects related to La Casona. Among the three primary themes were a total of eight subcategories. Economic challenges encompassed financial constraints and food insecurity, housing and infrastructure needs, and difficulties in accessing healthcare. Insufficient social support was evident through heavy reliance on family, limited community aid, and an absence of engaging activities. Cultural aspects highlighted the community's deep connection to nature and concerns about the fading cultural heritage among younger generations. These themes collectively contribute to the challenges confronted by elderly adults in the NgäbeBuglé community. Conclusions: Improving healthcare access, enhancing social interactions, and preserving cultural heritage are essential when it comes to improving the aging experience in La Casona. The following participant discussions provide insight into public health interventions. Addressing these issues will require governmental support and policy changes aimed at uplifting the NgäbeBuglé community.
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Envelhecimento , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Qualidade de Vida , Apoio Social , Humanos , Costa Rica , Feminino , Masculino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Povos Indígenas/psicologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: In response to the rise in suicidal behaviour and the strategies to address it, community actions represent a comprehensive approach to the factors influencing this situation. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of mutual support on the recovery of individuals who experienced suicidal behaviour and attended community mental health groups. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in 2023. Focus groups were used as a data collection technique, followed by thematic analysis. Participants were selected based on convenience from mutual support groups registered with the Ministry of Health of Colombia. RESULTS: Two main themes were identified in the thematic analysis. The first theme, "Own Reasons Through Others," was composed of categories such as "What Others See in Me" and "The Importance of Being in the Same Boat." The second theme was titled "The Community as a Space for Suicide Prevention," with categories including "Human Rights for Recovery" and "What We Can Achieve Together." CONCLUSIONS: Pluralism, understood as the integration of diverse perspectives, is crucial for addressing complex phenomena such as mental health and community interventions. The study demonstrates how mutual aid groups and their members can generate collective and policy actions effective for managing suicidal behaviour.
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Grupos Focais , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Prevenção do Suicídio , Humanos , Colômbia , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Suicídio/psicologia , Apoio Social , Saúde Mental , Grupos de Autoajuda , Adulto Jovem , Serviços Comunitários de Saúde Mental , Ideação Suicida , Direitos HumanosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of proxemic factors on communication and care provided by nursing professionals during transfusion in hemotherapy. METHOD: A descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study with 25 nursing professionals from a hospital specializing in onco-hematological diseases in Rio de Janeiro, based on a systematized script, individual records of proxemic factors described by Edward Hall and recorded situational interviews. The analysis considered data thematic content and used the SketchUp 3D Modeling Software Review program to visually demonstrate the behavioral mapping of the interaction of nursing professionals with patients during care. RESULTS: Intimate, personal, social and public distances translated into proxemic factors such as repeated movements of shoulders, neck and head, which positively influenced nursing care in hemotherapy, favoring the identification of non-verbal and verbal manifestations of the team in interaction with patients. CONCLUSION: Nonverbal proxemic communication must result from awareness of the layout of physical space, immediate care actions, pertinent and appropriate proximity, continuous visual surveillance and clear recognition of expressions translated as interest, respect and zeal.
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Relações Enfermeiro-Paciente , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Comunicação não Verbal , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Comunicação , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To understand the experience of children with special health needs at school. METHOD: Qualitative research using Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical framework and assumptions of Grounded Theory as a methodological framework. Data collected in a pediatric outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital in an inland city of the state of São Paulo. The following collection strategies were used: participant observation, drawing, and semi-structured interviews. Twenty-two school-age children with special health needs participated in the research, all of whom attended school. RESULTS: Three categories were constructed representing the experience of children with special health needs at school: Experiencing the school environment, Identifying obstacles, and Finding ways to move forward despite the illness. These children's experiences at school allowed us to understand their difficulties, their need for adaptation and their actions in the face of the process related to their development. CONCLUSION: The need for acceptance, safety, and trust in the school environment and in the people who make it up was identified, which are fundamental factors for the children to be able to continue their development and learning, despite the illness.
Assuntos
Pesquisa Qualitativa , Instituições Acadêmicas , Humanos , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de SaúdeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze self-care conditioning factors in women and men with urinary incontinence symptoms living with the Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1. METHOD: Qualitative study, based on the pragmatic phase of Praxis Model for Technology Development. Twelve women and five adult men living with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1, residing in Bahia, Brazil, participated in the study. A structured instrument and focus group were applied to collect data. The empirical material was subjected to Thematic Content Analysis, using the software WebQDA and the Self-Care/Self-Care Deficit Theory was used. RESULTS: Facilitating conditioning factors were used by women and men as strategies for performing self-care, and hindering conditioning factors prevented or disturbed, but opened paths to direct the nurse's performance to address self-care deficits. CONCLUSION: Self-care requirements were impacted by the hindering conditioning factors; the facilitating ones allowed self-care, providing technology in nursing/health.
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Infecções por HTLV-I , Autocuidado , Incontinência Urinária , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Incontinência Urinária/terapia , Idoso , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
The archipelago of Puerto Rico has faced multiple natural disasters, including hurricanes and earthquakes, disrupting the mental health and daily lives of its residents. These disasters, combined with socio-political abandonment, have led to the deterioration of the electrical grid, exacerbating health disparities. This study aimed to explore the linkages between natural and structural disasters, mental health, and energy independence in Puerto Rico. In this setting, the community organization Casa Pueblo has installed solar panels in the homes of people with chronic health conditions. Through ethnographic fieldwork in the town of Adjuntas and qualitative interviews with 45 individuals with different levels of access to solar power, we explore the implications of ongoing natural and structural disasters on the mental health of individuals and how access to solar energy could help mitigate their effects. Results indicate that participants with direct and indirect access to solar panels held positive and hopeful narratives regarding their mental well-being and quality of life. This innovative model of communal energy security through solar power for climate adaptation holds promises for enhancing mental health in the town of Adjuntas and potentially in other regions.
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Saúde Mental , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Porto Rico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Energia Solar , Desastres , Qualidade de Vida , Idoso , Adulto , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Entrevistas como Assunto , Antropologia CulturalRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the experiences of nursing students who received face-to-face education during the COVID-19 pandemic and contracted COVID-19. METHOD: A phenomenological qualitative study was used to understand the students' experiences, and the study was completed with 11 students who volunteered. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted using an interview guide, and the interviews were recorded. Thematic analysis was employed to generate themes. MAXQDA 2022 software was used for the analysis of the research. RESULTS: As a result of the research, 3 themes; themes are as follows: "COVID-19 disease process" with the sub-themes "emotions" and "gains"; "Educational process" with the sub-themes "technological problems", financial constraints", and "legal issues"; "nursing profession and values" with the sub-themes "importance of nursing", "intense and challenging working environment". CONCLUSION: According to the experiences of students who contracted Covid-19 disease during face-to-face education during the Covid-19 epidemic, it was concluded that nursing students should be provided with the necessary technological support, the legal regulations of universities should be revised, and psychosocial support should be provided to students.
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COVID-19 , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Humanos , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia , Feminino , Masculino , Educação a Distância/métodos , Adulto Jovem , Educação em Enfermagem/métodos , Adulto , Entrevistas como Assunto , EmoçõesRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Climate change is shaping adolescent and young people's (AYP) transitions to adulthood with significant and often compounding effects on their physical and mental health. The climate crisis is an intergenerational inequity, with the current generation of young people exposed to more climate events over their lifetime than any previous one. Despite this injustice, research and policy to date lacks AYP's perspectives and active engagement. METHODS: Participatory, youth co-led qualitative focus group discussions were held in Bangladesh, Guatemala and Nigeria in mid-2023. A total of 196 AYP ages 12-25 years participated. Open-ended questions elicited responses regarding AYP knowledge, experiences and perceptions of climate change. Using NVivo software, translated transcripts were coded to explore and synthesise key thematic areas. RESULTS: Respondents discussed varied climate exposures and associated health risks, for example, how flooding events were impeding access to sexual and reproductive health commodities. Acute climate events like flooding and cyclones increased perceived risk of early marriage and gender-based violence in Bangladesh and Guatemala. In Nigeria, respondents discussed health effects of extreme heat, and how droughts were shifting women into more traditionally male roles in agriculture and income-generating activities, increasing the perceived risk of household tensions and gender-based violence. Commonly reported themes included perceived climate impacts on sexual and reproductive health including early marriage or gender-based violence. Another common theme was anxiety about climate change, its effects on economic and food insecurity in communities and feeling hopeless, lacking agency and not feeling supported by local institutions, all linked with worse mental health. CONCLUSION: Our results summarise how AYP perceive climate change is affecting their physical and mental health, finding similarities and differences across these three settings. Our results can inform the development of policies and programmes that directly address AYP needs in a way that is inclusive and responsive.
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Mudança Climática , Grupos Focais , Humanos , Adolescente , Nigéria , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Bangladesh , Guatemala , Adulto , Criança , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To explore the experiences and perspectives of female patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) regarding sexual and reproductive health, including contraception, family planning, and pregnancy. DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews. SETTING: Specialised rheumatology clinic in a tertiary hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. PARTICIPANTS: 21 female patients aged 18-49 with a confirmed ARD diagnosis who were receiving care at the clinic. Participants were selected using convenience sampling, ensuring diversity in age, disease type and stage, socio-economic and cultural background, sexuality and disability status. All participants completed the study. RESULTS: Four main themes emerged from the analysis. First, participants expressed confusion and concern about the safety and effectiveness of contraceptive methods in the context of their disease and treatment. Second, many participants shared anxiety about infertility, heredity and the risks of pregnancy associated with their ARDs, leading to uncertainty in pregnancy planning. Third, there was concern about the safety of medications during pregnancy and breastfeeding, indicating a lack of guidance and information from healthcare providers. Lastly, patients often deferred decision-making about contraception and medication to their rheumatologists but recognised the importance of a multidisciplinary care approach for comprehensive sexual and reproductive health management. CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that women with ARDs experience significant challenges and unmet needs related to sexual and reproductive health, particularly in understanding safe contraception, pregnancy planning and medication use during pregnancy and lactation. These findings emphasise the need for rheumatologists to provide clearer guidance on these issues and collaborate closely with gynaecologists and other specialists to ensure comprehensive, patient-centred care. Enhancing communication and education strategies in rheumatology consultations could address these gaps and improve the sexual and reproductive health outcomes and decision-making processes of women with ARDs.
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Doenças Autoimunes , Anticoncepção , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Saúde Reprodutiva , Doenças Reumáticas , Saúde Sexual , Humanos , Feminino , México , Adulto , Doenças Reumáticas/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Anticoncepção/métodos , Adolescente , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/métodos , Entrevistas como AssuntoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to understand the meanings and experiences of pregnancy among trans men in light of the Theory of Social Representations. METHODS: this is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, carried out with trans men selected for convenience and availability. Data production took place from September to October 2021, via the Google Meet® platform, based on interviews with a semi-structured script. Interview lexicographic textual analysis was performed using the Reinert method and instrumented by IRAMUTEQ version 7.0. RESULTS: social representations of pregnancy involved a wide field of meanings, in which efforts were articulated to accept opportune and solitary pregnancy, fear of the parturition process and influence of physical and emotional changes. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the study reinforces the importance of advanced nursing practice in assisting the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, based on the perspective of comprehensive care, equity in access to services and respect for differences.
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Gravidez , Pessoas Transgênero , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez/psicologia , Brasil , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
The Puerto Rican population has presented demographic changes resulting in a greater proportion of older adults than almost any other country in the world, with an estimated 28% of the total population being over 60 years of age. A key public health issue in Puerto Rico (PR) is older adults' mental health and wellbeing. Located in the Caribbean, PR is prone to natural hazards such as hurricanes, which are a known threat to older adults' overall health and wellbeing. However, the needs of older adults in PR and their mental health have been largely neglected, especially in less visible and marginalized rural areas. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to examine the challenges and needs of older adults following Hurricane María in the rural towns of Adjuntas and Castañer, PR. We implemented an exploratory qualitative research design informed by the principles of Liming methodology. We used semi-structured interviews to gather data and analyzed it using thematic analysis. A total of 25 participants engaged in our interview process including older adults (n = 15) and community caregivers and leaders that provide services to older adults (n = 10). We present three main themes regarding older adults' experiences after Hurricane María: 1) Challenges to wellbeing (i.e, loneliness, lack of resources), 2) Relational solidarity (i.e., communal support, equitable resource sharing) and 3) La brega (i.e., adaption and autogestión). Older adults in Adjuntas and Castañer addressed the emergent challenges after Hurricane María such as loneliness and lack of resources by relying on their communities. These findings highlight the role of community support as a key component to understand and foster older adults' wellbeing following a natural hazard.
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Tempestades Ciclônicas , Saúde Mental , Humanos , Porto Rico , Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cuidadores/psicologia , Pesquisa Qualitativa , População RuralRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Certain aspects of indigenous communities, such as cultural practices and access to care, have been discussed as potential determinants of oral health. However, research on this topic remains limited. Understanding the factors influencing oral health and their perceptions is crucial for developing culturally appropriate interventions. This study aims to evaluate the determinants and self-perception of oral health through a mixed study within a specific indigenous community in the north of Chile. Furthermore, this is the first study to examine oral health in the Quechua and Aymara communities of Chile. METHODS: This exploratory study was conducted in in two phases: a quantitative phase, involving clinical examination and administration of questionnaires; and qualitative phase, consisting of interviews with subset of participants from the quantitative phase. A descriptive statistic of the quantitative data was performed. RESULTS: While no significant differences were found between indigenous and non-indigenous population in this city of Chile, differences were observed between the two main indigenous communities (Aymaras and Quechuas). Historical factors appeared to influence these differences. Belonging to the Aymara community emerges as a significant determinant of oral health, characterized by a greater need for oral rehabilitation, barriers to accessing dental care, lower self-perception of the quality of oral health. Educational level and rurality were identified as factors potentially affecting the oral health status of this community. CONCLUSION: Ethnicity can influence in oral health, primarily in relation to rurality and educational level. This study found no significant overall differences in oral health between Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants. However, Quechuas exhibited better oral health than Aymaras. Participants demonstrated good oral health knowledge and a positive attitude towards prevention, despite recalling limited education in their youth. We emphasize the need for implementing strategies for oral health promotion and prevention that consider cultural, linguistic and specific needs of these communities.
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Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Saúde Bucal , Autoimagem , Determinantes Sociais da Saúde , Humanos , Chile , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/psicologia , Adolescente , Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe how transgenderism is studied in research on the health of older adults. METHODS: This was a systematic literature review, with searches conducted in September 2022 across the LILACS, MEDLINE/ PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The articles were selected independently by two reviewers. The risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools and data synthesis followed the Entreq and Swim protocols. RESULTS: A total of 15 studies were included, eight qualitative and seven quantitative, from 2014 to 2023. Most of them specifically analyzed the transgender population. The qualitative studies focused on individuals' perceptions and experiences, health care planning and support networks. The quantitative studies addressed gender characterization, health status (including mental health), and associations with social determinants. CONCLUSION: Despite the different approaches, the studies addressed the subject in the context of accumulated stigmas and discrimination faced this population.
Assuntos
Nível de Saúde , Pessoas Transgênero , Humanos , Pessoas Transgênero/psicologia , Idoso , Estigma Social , Feminino , Masculino , Saúde Mental , Determinantes Sociais da Saúde , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: to analyze the social representations of patients with cancer regarding oncologic surgery. METHODS: a qualitative study based on Social Representation Theory was conducted with 126 participants between October 2021 and May 2022 in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. A characterization questionnaire, free evocations of the inducing term "surgery", and semi-structured interviews with 60 participants were applied. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel® and IRaMuTeQ. RESULTS: the central core of the representation is composed of fear, cure, hope, and removing the disease. The analysis of interviews resulted in six classes that highlight the social changes caused by treatment as well as the need for a support network to cope with the surgical process. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the representations reflect fear and hope towards the procedure and the desire to remove the disease, thus translating the cure through surgery.
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Neoplasias , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/cirurgia , Neoplasias/psicologia , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Brasil , Idoso , Adaptação Psicológica , Percepção SocialRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: to understand the perspective of nurses on the use of telemonitoring in the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in primary care. METHODS: this qualitative research involved sixteen nurses from eight municipalities in Paraná. Data were collected between November 2022 and January 2023 through inperson or remote interviews, which were audio-recorded and subjected to content analysis. RESULTS: according to the nurses, telemonitoring enhances users' knowledge about these conditions, communication and connection with the team, and productivity. However, the lack of electronic resources and equipment, high staff turnover, low user adherence, and the limited availability of professional time present significant challenges. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the effective implementation and operation of telemonitoring in the management of people with diabetes and hypertension involve both potential benefits and barriers. It is essential to have the availability of human and technological resources, managerial support, and the commitment of professionals and users.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Hipertensão , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros , Telemedicina , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Hipertensão/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Monitorização Fisiológica , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/psicologia , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the new roles of community health workers as outlined in the 2017 National Primary Care Policy (PNAB) from the perspectives of both nurses and community health workers. METHODS: This qualitative study involved nurses and community health workers from Family Health teams, conducted through semi-structured interviews via videoconference between August 2021 and April 2022. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. RESULTS: We identified professionals who argued that the new roles for community health workers aim to increase their autonomy and professional recognition. Others highlighted concerns about the loss of originality in their work and the potential for the illegal practice of nursing or nursing technician duties. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The 2017 PNAB emphasizes task execution for these workers, contributing to the mechanization of activities, reinforcing the biomedical model, and undermining the role of community health workers in promoting health within Primary Care.
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Agentes Comunitários de Saúde , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Humanos , Agentes Comunitários de Saúde/tendências , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências , Política de Saúde/tendências , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Papel Profissional , Brasil , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Entrevistas como Assunto/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the social network of mothers, fathers or guardians of transgender children or adolescents. METHODS: This was a qualitative study, based on the theoretical framework of social network, with a focus on the primary network. The study was conducted in Brazil through online interviews between August and October 2021. A total of 30 mothers, two fathers and one grandmother of transgender children or adolescents participated in the study. The thematic content analysis was performed using IraMuTeQ software. RESULTS: The theme "The family as the center of the network and the challenges in achieving transgender autonomy" emerged from the analyses. The family was identified as the first network, bearing the greatest responsibility. Weak and conflicted ties with relatives, friends, classmates and neighbors, highlighting the role of men. CONCLUSION: The networks showed limitations in providing support and the need for strengthening. The analysis is an important tool for improving care, structuring policies and developing transgender-specific care pathways.
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Pesquisa Qualitativa , Apoio Social , Pessoas Transgênero , Humanos , Pessoas Transgênero/psicologia , Adolescente , Feminino , Brasil , Masculino , Criança , Adulto , Rede Social , Entrevistas como Assunto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pai/psicologia , Família/psicologia , Adulto Jovem , Mães/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In recent years, citizens have become more interested and willing to influence health policy decision-making, and governments worldwide are more prone to citizen engagement in such processes. Prioritising which health technologies should be publicly funded is one decision that requires prudence and consideration of the values and expectations of the people who will be affected by it. OBJECTIVE: To identify and understand the citizens' perceptions about which health technologies should be publicly funded in Colombia. DESIGN: Sequential exploratory mixed methods study; the first was a qualitative embedded case study, and the second was a Q methodology study. PARTICIPANTS: 46 citizens were interviewed, and 30 citizens ordered a Q-sample of 45 statements. ANALYSIS: Interviews were content analysed. We performed a content analysis of the interviews, and, for the quantitative strand, we performed a principal component analysis and varimax rotation to identify view patterns. We also estimated the z-scores of each statement and the load to each factor. We jointly interpreted both sets of findings. RESULTS: We identified two general approaches citizens used to consider public funding of healthcare technologies. One approach endorsed full coverage of all health technologies required by every Colombian. In the second approach, public funding is conditional on the characteristics of the person who needs the technology, their disease/condition, the kind of technology required and the expectation of efficient health system performance. When integrating the results of the Q methodology, we found five patterns of points of view about the public funding of health technologies. CONCLUSION: Colombian citizens consider and balance a range of different factors when making decisions about which health technologies are publicly funded. Citizens not only use technical criteria to decide but also provide the perspective and values of those affected by the decision.
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Política de Saúde , Humanos , Colômbia , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Opinião Pública , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Financiamento Governamental , Idoso , Tomada de Decisões , Tecnologia Biomédica/economia , Adulto Jovem , Participação da Comunidade/métodos , Entrevistas como AssuntoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the stressors and reactions related to the knowledge and experiences of families of children with congenital Zika virus syndrome on social inclusion in light of Betty Neuman. METHOD: Qualitative research, carried out in a hospital institution with nine mothers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome. The data were collected between November and December 2020, from semi-structured interviews, and analyzed with the help of the IRAMUTEQ software and the manifest content analysis framework. RESULTS: The analyses revealed three categories: Activities outside the home, highlighting the daily challenges faced outside the home, such as the lack of support in the educational system; Difficulties in adaptation, which highlighted physical and social barriers, such as the inadequacy of public spaces and the lack of social empathy; Knowledge about rights and inclusion, showing the lack of knowledge and uncertainty of families about their rights and social inclusion. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The experiences and knowledge revealed the need for social interaction, adaptation, facing prejudice, seeking validity of rights and leading role in the context of social inclusion of these families.
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Pesquisa Qualitativa , Infecção por Zika virus , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Mães/psicologia , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Adaptação Psicológica , Criança , LactenteRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The Peruvian public healthcare system is characterized by various shortcomings that adversely affect healthcare quality as perceived by the general and minority populations, including the Afro-Peruvian community. This population has demonstrated reduced healthcare access due to discrimination and differential treatment, reflecting broader societal inequities. OBJECTIVE: This study explores the experiences and perceptions of Afro-Peruvian individuals regarding the treatment they receive from public primary healthcare providers in metropolitan Lima. METHODS: In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with Afro-Peruvian individuals recruited from Lima. They were selected based on their responses to a survey conducted in a previous study, which indicated a high or low perception of intercultural adaptation in healthcare. The interviews explored their experiences with healthcare services and their perceptions about their interactions with health providers. The qualitative analysis involved topic coding to interpret the data. RESULTS: We interviewed 19 Afro-Peruvians, including 15 women and 4 men, ages 26 to 70. The findings reveal that Afro-Peruvians generally experience mistreatment in the healthcare system. In their opinion, this is associated with systemic issues such as poor infrastructure, low salaries, and insufficient time allocated for patient care. Furthermore, participants perceive receiving poor quality and inefficient service not only from providers but also from the system presents difficulties in other processes, such as getting the appointment. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights significant areas for improvement in the public healthcare system, specifically enhancing the quality of patient care, improving communication, and upgrading healthcare infrastructure to serve the Afro-Peruvian community better. These insights could guide the development of targeted policy recommendations and practical interventions to address healthcare disparities and improve access to quality healthcare services for minority populations.