Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate attitudes and beliefs of discrimination by nursing staff.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: The purpose of this study is to report on the development and initial psychometric testing of a questionnaire to investigate nurses' discrimination attitudes and beliefs towards people of dif f erent ethnic origins. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The initial stage involved the selection of the questions of the tool after a comprehensive evaluation of the relevant international literature and the tools used in previous related studies. The reliability (forward-backward translation) of the questions was assessed, along with the content, face, and structure. To conduct the study, which was carried out from 07/2021 to 01/2022 a sample consisting of 30 and 2,034 nurses and their assistants was used for the pilot and the fi nal research, respectively. RESULTS: Results: Given that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) threshold value of 0.89 was achieved, the sample was considered sufficient and appropriate for factor analysis. A statistically signif i cant result (p<0.001) from Bartlett's test indicated a substantial connection between the questions and conf i rmed that the data were suitable for factor analysis. Twenty statements altogether, with seven possible answers ranging from "totally disagree" to "completely agree," were included in the questionnaire. For the questions, three distinct factors - communication, difficulties, and discrimination - were shown to account for 47.1% of the variability. Reliability analyzes showed satisfactory Cronbach alpha coefficient scores for all factors, ranging from 0.78 to 0.82. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The current study demonstrates that the questionnaire we developed is a legitimate and trustworthy instrument for evaluating professional nurses' discriminatory attitudes and beliefs toward individuals from various ethnic backgrounds. The questionnaire can be used to help design interventions to end discrimination, guarantee equitable access to healthcare services, and provide high-quality care for individuals from diverse backgrounds. It can also be used to identify the factors that inf l uence nurses' attitudes and perceptions toward these patient populations.

Correlations between empathy fatigue, occupational identity, and sleep quality in nursing staff: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the status quo of empathic fatigue, professional identity, and sleep quality of nursing staff in nursing institutions. To analyze the correlation between empathic fatigue, professional identity and sleep quality of nursing staff. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The method of convenient sampling was used to select 224 nursing workers from the older adult's institutions in the Panjin area as the investigation objects. The nurses' general data questionnaire, the Chinese version of the compassion fatigue short scale, the nurses' professional identity Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used as evaluation tools. SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to sort out and analyze the data. Results: There was a positive correlation between empathic fatigue and sleep quality; there was a negative correlation between empathy fatigue and professional identity. Occupational identity and sleep quality were negatively correlated. Conclusion: There is a correlation between empathic fatigue, professional identity, and sleep quality of nursing workers. Empathy fatigue is positively correlated with sleep quality. Empathy fatigue was negatively correlated with professional identity. Occupational identity was negatively correlated with sleep quality. To provide a theoretical basis for the management of older adult's nursing staff and the formulation of corresponding management systems and policies, promote the mental health of older adult's nursing staff, improve sleep quality, and provide a theoretical basis and reference for future intervention research.

Sleep duration and quality of Brazilian nursing staff who work in shifts.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze sleep duration and sleep quality in nursing professionals who work in shifts. METHOD: this is a cross-sectional, analytical research, carried out between September 2017 and April 2018, at a public hospital in southern Brazil, with the nursing team. A socio-occupational and health symptoms questionnaire, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used. Data are presented as descriptive and inferential statistics, bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: participants were 308 nursing professionals with a predominance of long-term sleep, absence of drowsiness, and poor sleep quality. Short-term sleep (<6h) was associated with day shift and poor sleep quality. Sleep quality was associated with presence excessive daytime sleepiness and work day shift. CONCLUSION: work shift, insomnia and headache were the main factors related short-term sleep for nursing professionals. The results may justify the development of intervention research for workers' health.

Challenges in recognizing and discussing changes in a resident's condition in the palliative phase: focus group discussions with nursing staff working in nursing homes about their experiences.

BACKGROUND: Most nursing home residents have complex care needs, require palliative care and eventually die in these facilities. Timely recognition of changes in a resident's condition is crucial for providing appropriate care. Observations by nursing staff play a significant role in identifying and interpreting these changes. METHODS: Focus group discussions were conducted with nursing staff from ten nursing homes in the Netherlands to explore their experiences and challenges in recognizing and discussing changes in a resident's condition. These discussions were analysed following the principles of thematic analysis. RESULTS: The analysis of the challenges nursing staff face in identifying and interpreting changes in a resident's condition, resulted in three themes. First, that recognizing changes is considered complex, because it requires specialized knowledge and skills that is generally not part of their education and must partly be learned in practice. This also depends on how familiar the nursing staff is with the resident. Furthermore, different people observe residents through different lenses, depending on their relation and experiences with residents. This could lead to disagreements about the resident's condition. Lastly, organizational structures such as the resources available to document and discuss a resident's condition and the hierarchy between nursing home professionals often hindered discussions and sharing observations. CONCLUSION: Nursing staff's experiences highlight the complexity of recognizing and discussing changes in nursing home residents' conditions. While supporting the observational skills of nursing staff is important, it is not enough to improve the quality of care for nursing home residents with palliative care needs. As nursing staff experiences challenges at different, interrelated levels, improving the process of recognizing and discussing changes in nursing home residents requires an integrated approach in which the organization strengthens the position of nursing staff. It is important that their observations become a valued and integrated and part of nursing home care.

Effects of interventions to promote resilience in nurses: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Various trials are investigating the effect of digital and face-to-face interventions on nurse resilience; however, it remains unclear whether these interventions have immediate, short-term or long-term effects. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the systematic review is to identify the types of interventions and assess the immediate (<3 months), short-term (3-6 months), and long-term (>6 months) effects of these interventions on nurse resilience. DESIGN: This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registered Number: CRD 42023434924), and results are reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. METHODS: Data were collated from the databases of CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase (OVID), Medline, and Scopus between March and May 2023. The research protocol was determined following the framework of population, exposure, outcomes, and type of study. The articles with full text published between 2000 and 2023 were included. Studies were included if they (1) involved the nurses who provided patient care directly, (2) utilised digital or face-to-face interventions, (3) reported resilience outcomes, and (4) were randomised controlled trials or clinical trials. The JBI critical appraisal tool was utilised to assess the risk of bias for the studies collected. RESULTS: A total of 18 studies met the criteria and were analysed. Pooled results demonstrated that digital interventions had a statistically significant positive effect on nurse resilience at 4-5-month follow-ups (standardised mean difference [SMD] = 0.71; 95 % CI = 0.13, 1.29; P = 0.02) compared to no interventions. Additionally, pooled data showed no effect on nurse resilience at all the follow-ups, compared to no interventions. No significant results were observed in comparisons of digital or face-to-face interventions between the intervention and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: The review assessed digital and face-to-face resilience interventions in nurses across 18 trials. Digital methods showed a short-term impact within 4-5 months, whilst face-to-face interventions had no effect during follow-ups. Realistic expectations, ongoing support, and tailored interventions are crucial for nurse resilience enhancement. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: It was identified digital interventions had a short-term impact on nurse resilience, whilst face-to-face interventions had no effect during follow-ups @fionayyu.

A Comparative Study of Organizational Grief Support and Burnout Among Nursing Home Staff.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dimensions of grief support (recognition of the relationship, acknowledgement of the loss, and inclusion of the griever) and aspects of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) among nursing home staff. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were collected from 553 nursing home workers from 37 nursing home facilities in 5 states during fall of 2022. Responses to the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Grief Support Health Care Scale were analyzed for this study. RESULTS: The study found that recognizing the relationship with deceased patients led to a decrease in exhaustion and depersonalization among workers while simultaneously enhancing their sense of personal accomplishment. Including the griever in the support process lowered all burnout subscales for nursing home staff. Acknowledging the loss was associated with higher levels of personal accomplishment. Registered nurses, nurse practitioners, and physicians experienced higher levels of exhaustion and depersonalization compared to other nursing home staff. Behavioral health workers had the highest personal accomplishment, whereas direct support workers reported the lowest. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: These findings have important implications for improving the well-being of nursing home staff, emphasizing the importance of organizational grief support, and tailored interventions to address burnout among different healthcare provider roles in nursing homes.

The effectiveness of mindfulness for the management of anxiety in the nursing staff: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

A systematic review with meta-analysis following Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations. It aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness for the management of anxiety symptoms in the nursing staff and stress as a secondary outcome. The databases searched were MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and Psycinfo. Search was conducted in October 2022. Independent reviewers used standardized methods to research, track, and code the included studies. Data meta-analysis was performed using random effects models. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used as an approach to assess the quality and certainty of evidence in research studies. The review examined the effectiveness of mindfulness on nursing staff in 13 studies. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in anxiety and stress after treatment, with an average reduction of 0.36 in anxiety and 0.48 in stress. The results emphasizes the possibility of mindfulness being an effective intervention to the management of anxiety and stress in nursing staff. However, the studies analyzed presented limitations in the design and sampling in the development of the intervention, which impact the conclusive statements about the effectiveness of mindfulness and the generalization of the results. The implications to the nursing field involve adopting evidence-based research and practices to improve the well-being and quality of life of nursing professionals, as well as strengthening the evidence base surrounding mindfulness interventions in nursing practice. This may lead to changes in healthcare policies, care practices, and recognition of the importance of nurses' well-being for effective healthcare delivery.

How do nurses advocate for the remaining time of nursing home residents? A critical discourse analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Due to the global aging trend, the number of older people who will spend the last years of their lives in nursing homes is increasing. However, nursing homes have long confronted negative social and public discourses, including stigmas on dementia and life in such facilities. Nevertheless, the remaining time of residents with dementia holds significance, for them and their families, as they seek respect and the ability to make meaningful end-of-life decisions. OBJECTIVE: To explore how nursing home nurses advocate for the remaining lifetimes of residents with dementia. DESIGN: A qualitative research design. SETTING(S): Four nursing homes in Korea from January 2023 to February 2023. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty nurses who provide direct caregiving for residents with dementia and have a minimum of two years' experience in nursing homes were recruited. METHODS: This study employed a critical discourse analysis. Twenty interviews conducted with nursing home nurses were examined to explore the connections between the grammatical and lexical aspects of the language used by the nurses to construct their identities as advocates for residents with dementia and the broader sociocultural context. FINDINGS: Four discourses regarding nursing home nurses advocating for the value of life of residents with dementia were identified: (1) Bridging perspectives: I am a negotiator between medical treatment and residents' families with differing views; (2) Embracing a shared humanity: Residents are no different from me; they just need professional help; (3) Affirming belongingness: Residents still belong to their families, even when care has been delegated; and (4) Empowering voices for change: We are struggling to provide better care in a challenging reality. CONCLUSIONS: This paper highlights the importance of nursing advocacy in safeguarding the remaining time and dignity of individuals with dementia, challenging the stigma surrounding dementia and nursing homes and calling for greater societal and political recognition of the efforts nurses make to preserve the personhood and well-being of these older adults.

Health communication and shared decision-making between nurses and older adults in community setting: An integrative review.

AIM: To explore the role of health communication in Shared Decision-Making (SDM) between nursing staff and older people in the community setting. BACKGROUND: Society and healthcare services are marked by an exponentially ageing population, leading to a significant proportion of patients being older adults with highly demanding care needs. Scientific literature supports shared decision-making as a process that engages patients in their care. However, the increasing use of technology and the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have influenced how nurses communicate with older patients. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how to develop health communication to reach effective, shared decision-making processes. METHODS: Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method, the literature search comprised five databases: PubMed, CINALH, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO. RESULTS: The 12 included studies were synthesised into three study patterns: (1) nurse-older patient health communication relationship, (2) older patients' perspectives and (3) nontherapeutic communication in end-of-life care. CONCLUSION: This review underscored the crucial role of effective health communication in shaping SDM dynamics between nursing staff and older people in the community setting. Key elements included transparent information exchange, establishing trust and maintaining communication channels with informal caregiving networks. SDM actions were aligned with preserving older people's autonomy, but communication challenges persisted, particularly in end-of-life situations. Advanced care planning was recommended to address these shortcomings and improve communication among older people, healthcare professionals and families. IMPLICATIONS: Implementing educational measures based on verbal and nonverbal health communication in nursing training could be beneficial. Nursing research could continue to develop and refine specific communication strategies adapted to the social determinants of health for diverse clinical situations regarding older adults in the community setting. REPORTING METHOD: The authors have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines through the PRISMA 2020 checklist. No Patient or Public Contribution.

"Just pee in the diaper" - a constructivist grounded theory study of moral distress enabling neglect in nursing homes.

BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence shows that many nursing home residents' basic care needs are neglected, and residents do not receive qualitatively good care. This neglect challenges nursing staff´s professional and personal ideals and standards for care and may contribute to moral distress. The aim of this study was to investigate how nursing staff manage being a part of a neglectful work culture, based on the research question: "How do nursing home staff manage their moral distress related to neglectful care practices?" METHODS: A qualitative design was chosen, guided by Charmaz´s constructivist grounded theory. The study was based on 10 individual interviews and five focus group discussions (30 participants in total) with nursing home staff working in 17 different nursing homes in Norway. RESULTS: Nursing staff strive to manage their moral distress related to neglectful care practices in different ways: by favouring efficiency and tolerating neglect they adapt to and accept these care practices. By disengaging emotionally and retreating physically from care they avoid confronting morally distressing situations. These approaches may temporarily mitigate the moral distress of nursing staff, whilst also creating a staff-centred and self-protecting work culture enabling neglect in nursing homes. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings represent a shift from a resident-centred to a staff-centred work culture, whereby the nursing staff use self-protecting strategies to make their workday manageable and liveable. This strongly indicates a compromise in the quality of care that enables the continuation of neglectful care practices in Norwegian nursing homes. Finding ways of breaking a downward spiralling quality of care are thus a major concern following our findings.

Salud Mental en enfermeras al cuidado de pacientes en área COVID: estudio de caso / Saúde mental dos enfermeiros que prestam cuidados a doentes na área da COVID: um estudo de caso / Mental Health in nurses caring for patients in the COVID area: case study

La enfermería es la labor que abarca la atención autónoma apersonas de todas las edades, familias, grupos y comunidades,la principal característica y esencia es el cuidado, implicaestablecer una relación de comprensión y acompañamiento demanera integral, convirtiéndolos en los principales cuidadoresformales en la asistencia, lo que pone de manifiesto lanecesidad de mirar su salud mental y bienestar del personalde enfermería. El objetivo fue describir el impacto en la saludmental de un profesional de la enfermería en la atencióna pacientes del área COVID en tiempos de pandemia, enel periodo 2022-2023. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo,primero mediante el análisis documental y posteriormentemediante el método fenomenológico, descriptivo con baseen el estudio de caso, considerando la temporalidad en tresmomentos, antes, durante y después de la pandemia porCOVID. Los hallazgos dan constancia, de cambios e impactosa nivel biológico, psicológico, social y espiritual que derivanen afectaciones en salud mental que se experimentaron,y, por otro lado, de la escasez acciones para dotar a losprofesionales de la salud de un acompañamiento, capacitacióny sensibilización en salud mental para la mejora de su labory bienestar personal.(AU)

A enfermagem é o trabalho que engloba o cuidado autônomoa pessoas de todas as idades, famílias, grupos e comunidades,a principal caraterística e essência é o cuidado, envolveo estabelecimento de uma relação de compreensão eacompanhamento de forma integral, tornando-os osprincipais cuidadores formais no cuidado, o que destaca anecessidade de olhar para sua saúde mental e bem-estar daequipe de enfermagem. O objetivo foi descrever o impactona saúde mental de um profissional de enfermagem nocuidado de pacientes na área da COVID em tempos depandemia, no período de 2022-2023. Realizou-se um estudoqualitativo, primeiro por meio de análise documental edepois pelo método fenomenológico, descritivo baseadono estudo de caso, considerando a temporalidade em trêsmomentos, antes, durante e após a pandemia da COVID. Osachados evidenciam mudanças e impactos a nível biológico,psicológico, social e espiritual que conduzem às afetaçõesde saúde mental vivenciadas e, por outro lado, a escassezde ações de acompanhamento, formação e sensibilizaçãoem saúde mental para os profissionais de saúde, com vistaà melhoria do seu trabalho e bem-estar pessoal.(AU)

Nursing is the work that encompasses autonomous care topeople of all ages, families, groups and communities, themain characteristic and essence is care, it involves establishinga relationship of understanding and accompaniment in a comprehensive manner, making them the main formalcaregivers in assistance, which highlights the need to lookat their mental health and well-being of the nursing staff. Theobjective was to describe the impact on the mental health of anursing professional in the care of patients in the COVID areain times of pandemic, in the period 2022-2023. A qualitativestudy was conducted, first through documentary analysisand then through the phenomenological method, descriptivebased on the case study, considering the temporality in threemoments, before, during and after the COVID pandemic.The findings provide evidence of changes and impacts atthe biological, psychological, social and spiritual levels thatresult in mental health affectations that were experienced,and, on the other hand, of the scarcity of actions to providehealth professionals with accompaniment, training andsensitization in mental health to improve their work andpersonal wellbeing.(AU)

Cross-sectoral exchange of nurses: An intervention study.

BACKGROUND: In health policy, much attention has been paid to collaboration between the primary and secondary health care sectors, especially in relation to hospitalisation and discharge. Despite ideal plans for collaboration, the research literature shows that inadequate communication is a well-known problem that can be a barrier to a safe trajectory for the citizen. Based on the assumption that better knowledge of each other's work will lead to better collaboration, a cross-sectoral exchange program with nurses was initiated. AIM: The aim was to investigate which barriers to good patient trajectories the involved nurses attributed to cross-sectoral collaboration and what impact the exchange to the opposite sector had for them. METHODS: Twenty-eight nurses were exchanged: 14 from a cardiology department and 14 from municipal home care. The nurses shadowed a colleague from the opposite sector in their daily work. Subsequently, six focus group interviews were conducted. The transcribed material was analysed based on Ricoeur's interpretation theory. RESULTS: Two main themes, including sub-themes emerged: (1) Challenging communicative conditions: (a) Inadequate digital communication, (b) Inadequate care plans and discharge reports, (c) Conversation promotes understanding, and (d) Challenging collaboration and communication with the discharge coordinators. (2) Perceived importance of the exchange: (a) Cross-sectoral relationship, prejudice and gaining respect for each other and (b) Working in two different worlds. CONCLUSION: Electronic communication is inadequate, and the IT systems do not support sufficient cross-sectoral communication. The organisational model in the municipal care sector is inflexible in terms of allocations for the current needs of citizens, and professionals feel that their professional judgements are not recognised. The nurses gained insight into each other's work and working conditions and respect for each other's professionalism. The exchange has the potential to both improve the relationship and communication between the sectors for the benefit of a better and more coherent patient course.

Staff Perceptions on the Effectiveness of GRiP-S, a New Approach to Clinical Supervision Incorporating Safewards: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis.

This study explored the impact of an innovative approach to clinical supervision for mental health nurses which integrates Safewards, named Group Reflective integrated Practice with Safewards - GRiP-S. Qualitative data was collected through 10 individual semi-structured interviews with nursing staff who had participated within the clinical supervision approach. Interviews provided insights into the nursing staff's perception and experience of the clinical supervision approach. Through interpretive phenomenological analysis six themes emerged (i) illuminating embodied practice of Safewards, (ii) building confidence through empowering connections, (iii) creating a culture of positive change, (iv) identifying internal motivation for and external barriers to supervision engagement, (v) navigating a global pandemic, and (vi) the transformative role of reflection. Findings demonstrated that the GRiP-S approach assisted mental health nurses' adoption of Safewards interventions in practice, while supporting the development of a cohesive staff team. The impact of COVID-19 within the study setting was addressed and nurses identified how the Safewards model assisted in navigating challenges during this time. Findings further supported prior research on the role of the supervisor and supervisee relationship. This study supports the integration of Safewards within reflective clinical supervision for mental health nursing staff to assist in Safewards fidelity and nursing staff personal and professional development.

Remote area nurses' experiences of workplace safety in very remote primary health clinics: A qualitative study.

AIM: To explore Remote Area Nurses' experiences of the implementation of workplace health and safety policies and risk mitigation strategies in Australian very remote primary health clinics. DESIGN: This qualitative study used online semi-structured interviews, with participants purposively sampled to maximize variation in work location and service type. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach. Coding was carried out inductively, with NVivo 12 aiding data management. SETTING: The interviews were conducted from 24 Februrary 2021 to 06 March 2021 with Remote Area Nurses from very remote primary health clinics in Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen Remote Area Nurses participated in the study. RESULTS: Thematic analysis revealed varied approaches to workplace safety among the different health services and regions. While the spread of 'never alone' policies in many clinics addressed one of the significant risks faced by Remote Area Nurses, gaps remained even for hazards specifically highlighted in existing work health and safety legislation. Meaningful collaboration with staff and the community, local orientation, preparation for the role and providing quality care were protective factors for staff safety. Understaffing, unsafe infrastructure and inadequate equipment were common concerns among Remote Area Nurses. CONCLUSION: Health services need to prioritize workplace safety and take a continuous quality improvement approach to its implementation. This will include ensuring safety strategies are appropriate for the local context, improving infrastructure maintenance, and establishing sustainable second responder systems such as a pool of drivers with local knowledge. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION: Poor personal safety contributes to burnout and high turnover of staff. Nurses' insights into the barriers and enablers of current workplace safety strategies will aid policymakers and employers in future improvements. REPORTING METHOD: COREQ reporting guidelines were followed. PIPE STATEMENT: A panel of six Remote Area Nurses collaborated in the development of this project.

Electronic medication administration record (eMAR) in Swedish home healthcare-Implications for Nurses' and nurse Assistants' Work environment: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: The electronic medication administration record (eMAR) is an eHealth system that has replaced the traditional paper-based medication administration used in many healthcare settings. Research has highlighted that eHealth technologies can change working methods and professional roles in both expected and unexpected ways. To date, there is sparse research that has explored how nurses and nurse assistants (NA) in home healthcare experience eMAR in relation to their work environment. AIM: The aim was to explore how nurses and nurse assistants experienced their work environment, in terms of job-demand, control, and support in a Swedish home healthcare setting where an electronic medication administration record had been implemented to facilitate delegation of medical administration. METHOD: We took a qualitative approach, where focus groups were used as data collection method. The focus groups included 16 nurses and nine NAs employed in a Swedish municipality where an eMAR had been implemented 6 months before the first focus groups were performed. The analysis adapted the job-demand-control-support model, by condensing the professionals' experiences into the three categories of demand, control, and support, in alignment with the model. RESULTS: NAs experienced high levels of job demand and low levels of job control. The use of the eMAR limited NAs' ability to control their work, in terms of priorities, content, and timing. In contrast, the nurses described demands as high but manageable, and described having a high level of control. Both professions found the eMar supportive. CONCLUSION: Nurses and NAs in home healthcare experienced changes in their work environment regarding demand, control, and support when an eMAR was implemented to facilitate delegation of medical administration. In general, nurses were satisfied with the eMAR. However, NAs felt that the eMAR did not cover all aspects of their daily work. Healthcare organisations should be aware of the changes that digitalisation processes entail in the work environment of nurses and NAs in home healthcare.

Physical and psychological repercussions on Nursing workers' health in COVID-19 units: A mixed-methods research study. / Efectividad de las intervenciones contra la violencia laboral que sufren los profesionales de la salud y de apoyo: metanálisis.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze how Nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units perceive the physical and psychological repercussions of work on their health, as well as to identify the factors associated with their perceptions. METHOD: a parallel-convergent mixedmethods study conducted with 359 Nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals. For the collection of quantitative data, a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and labor variables and related to perceptions of physical and psychological repercussions were used, and for qualitative data, semi-structured interviews were used. For the analysis, inferential statistics and thematic content analysis were used. RESULTS: daytime workers, who had more than one employment contract and worked more than 41 hours/week perceived more moderate/intense physical repercussions, reporting overload and time off deficits. Nurses and CLT workers perceived psychological repercussions more moderately/intensely, mentioning managerial overload and job dissatisfaction. Women were 97% more likely to perceive physical repercussions and three times more likely to perceive psychological repercussions when compared to men, reporting household and family overloads. CONCLUSION: work and family overloads, intensified by the pandemic context, were associated with the intensity with which Nursing workers perceived physical and psychological repercussions.

Caring for COVID-19 patients: Nurses' perceptions of the most critical issues and their impact on their well-being and performance.

AIMS: (1) Exploring nurses' perceptions of issues that impacted the quality of patient care and their own performance on COVID-19 wards; (2) examining nurses' perceptions of how these issues impacted their psychological state and level of performance; and (3) presenting recommendations for improving healthcare policies. BACKGROUND: Nurses played a critical role in caring for hospitalized COVID-19 patients and managing the disease. METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 50 nurses (32 females), aged 31-58 years, 6-37 years' tenure, from eight hospitals across Israel. Prior to working in COVID-19 wards, they worked in internal medicine, emergency rooms, or intensive care units. Based on the COREQ checklist, these interviews were recorded and transcribed, and categorized into themes and subthemes. FINDINGS: The findings indicate that the unpreparedness of healthcare systems for the pandemic outbreak rendered nurses paying a high price at the personal and professional levels, which in turn may have impacted the levels of care that they provided. CONCLUSION: The rich, qualitative data source revealed important interactions between clinical, personal, social, and familial factors in determining distress levels and performance impairment. A nuanced understanding of the link between these stressors is key to developing and implementing policies that could mitigate deficiencies in the management of epidemics and pandemics in the future. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICIES: Changes should be made to government directives and healthcare policies, with an emphasis on increasing the nursing workforce, providing emotional support, ensuring availability of equipment and beds, optimizing work practices, developing transparent means of communication within teams, and clearly defining the areas of responsibility of nurses-in times of routine and crises.

Exploring the Factors Creating Happiness with Nursing Staff: The Mediating Effect of Life Satisfaction.

Objectives: In this study, we investigate the relationships among personal well-being, self-esteem, supervisor support, life satisfaction, and happiness in a sample of nurses. In this study, we also investigate the mediating role of life satisfaction. Methods: Present research was quantitative in nature and the research design was cross-sectional. Data were collected from a convenience sample of nurses working in hospitals by using a self-administered survey. We used partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for the assessment of statistical significance of the proposed model. Results: We found a statistically significant and positive relationship between personal well-being, life satisfaction, and happiness. Similarly, self-esteem and supervisor support positively affected life satisfaction. Conclusion: Our research adds to the present literature on the factors that affect happiness among nurses. The study also adds to the current literature on PLS-SEM in terms of the assessment of mediation and direct relationships. Our findings are helpful for decision-makers in the health sector in developing happiness and life satisfaction among nurses. These results are also valuable for academicians for their future studies.

Administrative burden in Swiss nursing homes and its association with care workers' outcomes-a multicenter cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Care workers in nursing homes often perform tasks that are rather related to organizational or management activities than 'direct patient care'. 'Indirect care activities', such as documentation or other administrative tasks are often considered by care workers as a burden, as they increase overall workload and keep them away from caring for residents. So far, there is little investigation into what kind of administrative tasks are being performed in nursing homes, by which type of care workers, and to which extent, nor how administrative burden is associated with care workers' outcomes. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to describe care workers' administrative burden in Swiss nursing homes and to explore the association with four care worker outcomes (i.e., job dissatisfaction, emotional exhaustion, intention to leave the current job and the profession). METHODS: This multicenter cross-sectional study used survey data from the Swiss Nursing Homes Human Resources Project 2018. It included a convenience sample of 118 nursing homes and 2'207 care workers (i.e., registered nurses, licensed practical nurses) from Switzerland's German- and French-speaking regions. Care workers completed questionnaires assessing the administrative tasks and burden, staffing and resource adequacy, leadership ability, implicit rationing of nursing care and care worker characteristics and outcomes. For the analysis, we applied generalized linear mixed models, including individual-level nurse survey data and data on unit and facility characteristics. RESULTS: Overall, 73.9% (n = 1'561) of care workers felt strongly or rather strongly burdened, with one third (36.6%, n = 787) reporting to spend 2 h or more during a "normal" day performing administrative tasks. Ratings for administrative burden ranged from 42.6% (n = 884; ordering supplies and managing stocks) to 75.3% (n = 1'621; filling out the resident's health record). One out of four care workers (25.5%, n = 561) intended to leave the profession, whereby care workers reporting higher administrative task burden (OR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.02-1.50) were more likely to intend to leave the profession. CONCLUSION: This study provides first insights on care workers' administrative burden in nursing homes. By limiting care workers' burdensome administrative tasks and/or shifting such tasks from higher to lower educated care workers or administrative personnel when appropriate, nursing home managers could reduce care workers' workload and improve their job satisfaction and retention in the profession.

Qualitative evaluation of a brief positive psychological online intervention for nursing staff.

AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate a brief positive psychological intervention with regard to the mental health of nursing staff in German hospitals. It addresses the question of how positive-psychological online exercises should be designed. BACKGROUND: Nurses in hospitals are known to suffer from mental strain and risk depressive as well as anxiety disorders. The covid-19-pandemic leads to a further aggravation of the situation. Opposed to that, positive psychological interventions can increase resilience by promoting self-management competences and mental strength. RESEARCH METHODS: A 90 min positive-psychological workshop was conducted with six nurses who worked in German hospitals. It consisted of imparting knowledge on positive psychology and learning different positive psychological practices. Afterwards, guideline-based interviews were conducted with six nurses. The outcomes of interest were how the intervention was evaluated, to what extent the intervention led to a reflection and a promotion of self-management competences and whether it allowed the participants to transfer the learnings into everyday life. RESULTS: The intervention led to a reflection of the application competence of positive-psychological techniques by the participating nurses. A promotion of the competences could not be reached. Especially the reflection and promotion of humour competence manifested itself as difficult. CONCLUSION: Despite its short-term nature, the online intervention resulted in a reflection of the nurses' application competence of positive psychology indicating its resource-promoting potential. Follow-up exercises or peer groups should be used for further development, while a training of humour competence might be part of a separate intervention.