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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 5355, 2024 03 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38438478

RESUMO

Consciousness is one of the most complex aspects of human experience. Studying the mechanisms involved in the transitions among different levels of consciousness remains as one of the greatest challenges in neuroscience. In this study we use a measure of integrated information (ΦAR) to evaluate dynamic changes during consciousness transitions. We applied the measure to intracranial electroencephalography (SEEG) recordings collected from 6 patients that suffer from refractory epilepsy, taking into account inter-ictal, pre-ictal and ictal periods. We analyzed the dynamical evolution of ΦAR in groups of electrode contacts outside the epileptogenic region and compared it with the Consciousness Seizure Scale (CCS). We show that changes on ΦAR are significantly correlated with changes in the reported states of consciousness.


Assuntos
Epilepsia , Cristalino , Unionidae , Humanos , Animais , Estado de Consciência , Teoria da Informação , Convulsões
2.
Zootaxa ; 4816(4): zootaxa.4816.4.3, 2020 Jul 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33055684

RESUMO

The Gulf coastal drainages of central Mexico are a faunal transition zone between North and South America and harbor a unique assemblage of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida). However, little information is available regarding the taxonomy, distribution, and evolutionary history of the Mexican mussel fauna due to limited sampling over the last 100 years. To address these knowledge gaps, we evaluated species-level diversity in the genus Popenaias Frierson, 1927, in Mexican Gulf coastal drainages as part of a larger effort to inform conservation efforts for members of this genus both in Mexico and the United States of America. Based on our analyses, we describe Popenaias berezai n. sp. from the Río Valles of the Río Pánuco basin, San Luis Potosí, Mexico. We also provide presumptive distributional range, phylogenetic structure, and molecular and morphological diagnoses of the new species and provide comments on the other species currently in Popenaias. Our findings highlight the high levels of endemism among freshwater mussels in Mexican Gulf coastal drainages and will help guide impending conservation actions for P. popeii, which is listed as "endangered" in the United States.


Assuntos
Bivalves , Unionidae , Animais , Água Doce , México , Filogenia , Rios
3.
Acta amaz ; Acta amaz;50(1): 44-53, jan. - mar. 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1118654

RESUMO

Diplodon granosus was one of the first freshwater mussels to be described for South America. However, the status of the species was confusing for a long time, receiving different taxonomic treatments. In this paper, we redescribe the shell, with new data on the soft parts and information on the distribution and conservation of D. granosus, a rarely recorded species. The shell is thin, not inflated; the macrosculpture is composed only by granules that cover the whole shell, not forming bars; the microsculpture comprises short spikes. In the soft parts we highlight the few, weak and irregularly distributed lamellar connections of the outer demibranch and some features of the stomach, such as the distally enlarged minor typhlosole. There are records of D. granosus over a large area of South America, from Guiana to Argentina. However, most of these records are related to other species and the distribution of D. granosus is restricted to the north of South America in the basins of the Amazonas and Orinoco rivers, and coastal rivers in between. Despite this wide distribution, the species occurs in specific habitats, mainly streams (igarapés), resulting in an extremely fragmented occurrence. Thus, any disturbance to these habitats can threat this freshwater mussel. (AU)


Assuntos
Classificação , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Unionidae
4.
Acta amaz. ; 50(1): 44-53, 2020. ilus, mapas, tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-24557

RESUMO

Diplodon granosus was one of the first freshwater mussels to be described for South America. However, the status of the species was confusing for a long time, receiving different taxonomic treatments. In this paper, we redescribe the shell, with new data on the soft parts and information on the distribution and conservation of D. granosus, a rarely recorded species. The shell is thin, not inflated; the macrosculpture is composed only by granules that cover the whole shell, not forming bars; the microsculpture comprises short spikes. In the soft parts we highlight the few, weak and irregularly distributed lamellar connections of the outer demibranch and some features of the stomach, such as the distally enlarged minor typhlosole. There are records of D. granosus over a large area of South America, from Guiana to Argentina. However, most of these records are related to other species and the distribution of D. granosus is restricted to the north of South America in the basins of the Amazonas and Orinoco rivers, and coastal rivers in between. Despite this wide distribution, the species occurs in specific habitats, mainly streams (igarapés), resulting in an extremely fragmented occurrence. Thus, any disturbance to these habitats can threat this freshwater mussel.(AU)


Diplodon granosus foi um dos primeiros bivalves de água doce descritos para a América do Sul. Contudo, o status dessa espécie foi confuso por um longo tempo, recebendo diferentes tratamentos taxonômicos. Neste estudo, apresentamos a redescrição da concha, assim como novos dados da anatomia das partes moles, e informações acerca da distribuição e conservação desta espécie raramente avistada. A concha é fina, não-inflada; a macroescultura é composta somente por grânulos que cobrem toda a concha, e não formam raios; a microescultura é composta por espinhos curtos. Nas partes moles, destacamos as poucas, fracas e irregularmente distribuídas conexões interlamelares da demibrânquia externa, assim como algumas características do estômago, como a tiflossole menor distalmente aumentada. Existem registros de D. granosus em uma grande área da América do Sul, da Guiana até a Argentina. Contudo, muitas destas ocorrências são relacionadas com outras espécies, estando D. granosus restrita às bacias dos rios Amazonas e Orinoco, e a rios costeiros entre essas duas bacias. Apesar desta aparente ampla distribuição, a espécie ocorre em habitats específicos, principalmente riachos (igarapés), resultando em uma distribuição fragmentada. Assim, qualquer modificação nestes ambientes pode ameaçar esta espécie.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Bivalves/anatomia & histologia , Bivalves/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bivalves/classificação , Demografia , Unionidae/anatomia & histologia , Unionidae/classificação , Unionidae/crescimento & desenvolvimento
5.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 170: 1-8, 2019 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30503989

RESUMO

Unionid mussels are considered sensitive to salinity and there is growing concern in arid and semi-arid regions that declining flows coupled with anthropogenic impacts are amplifying natural salinity levels. In this study, we tested the effects of varying salinity concentrations (3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 10.0 ppt NaCl) on survival of adult Popenaias popeii, (Texas Hornshell). This species occurs in the Rio Grande basin of Texas and northern Mexico, an arid to semi-arid stream plagued by salinization, and was recently listed as Endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We performed 2, 4, and 10-day toxicity tests on individuals from two disjunct populations: Laredo, TX, and the Lower Canyons of the Rio Grande near Big Bend National Park. We found no significant differences in LC50 estimates between populations at 96-hrs or 10-days but significant differences in TUD50s at 5 ppt between populations, which indicates that tolerance does not vary but sensitivity may between these populations. Overlaying LC50 estimates at 10-days for both populations on plots of salinity (ppt) measured over time, we show parts of the Rio Grande periodically approach or exceed 4.0 ppt, indicating these reaches are becoming unsuitable for P. popeii and populations within them at risk.


Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Tolerância ao Sal , Unionidae/fisiologia , Purificação da Água , Animais , Água Subterrânea/química , Dose Letal Mediana , México , Texas , Testes de Toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água
6.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 24(18): 15781-15793, 2017 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28528504

RESUMO

The present work provides the first results in heavy metal bioaccumulation in the autochthonous mussel Brachidontes rodriguezii from the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina), one of the most important coastal environments of South America, subjected to different anthropogenic pressure. The study is based on the detection of Cd, Cu, Pb, Mn, and Fe in mussels' soft tissue and sediments' fine fraction by means of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), in order to analyze the potential relationship between both components of the aquatic system. Additionally, different indices are calculated with the purpose of obtaining detailed data. The heavy metal burden in mussels varied seasonally, showing a clearer pattern for the stations located in the internal area of the estuary. Metals exhibited maximum values in summer and to a lesser extent in winter, followed by a decrease during spring. Multiple international guideline assessment allowed classifying the area as moderately polluted, including a low range for Cd and medium for Cu and Pb. Moreover, the average detected levels were within the measured ranges in other coastal areas. Regarding human health, trace metal content in mussels met the national and international standards for safe consumption.


Assuntos
Metais Pesados/análise , Unionidae , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Animais , Argentina , Brasil , Monitoramento Ambiental , Estuários , Humanos , Metais Pesados/farmacocinética , Poluentes Químicos da Água/farmacocinética
7.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(3)2016 Jul 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27525898

RESUMO

Matrix proteins that either weakly acidic or unusually highly acidic have important roles in shell biomineralization. In this study, we have identified and characterized hic22, a weakly acidic matrix protein, from the nacreous layer of Hyriopsis cumingii. Total protein was extracted from the nacre using 5 M EDTA and hic22 was purified using a DEAE-sepharose column. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of hic22 was determined and the complete cDNA encoding hic22 was cloned and sequenced by rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the localization and distribution of hic22 was determined by in situ hybridization. Our results revealed that hic22 encodes a 22-kDa protein composed of 185 amino acids. Tissue expression analysis and in situ hybridization indicated that hic22 is expressed in the dorsal epithelial cells of the mantle pallial; moreover, significant expression levels of hic22 were observed after the early formation of the pearl sac (days 19-77), implying that hic22 may play an important role in biomineralization of the nacreous layer.


Assuntos
Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Unionidae/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Clonagem Molecular , Células Epiteliais , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/química , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/isolamento & purificação , Especificidade de Órgãos , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Análise de Sequência de Proteína , Unionidae/citologia
8.
Genet Mol Res ; 14(2): 4903-13, 2015 May 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25966265

RESUMO

MSP130-related-2 is thought to play a role in bio-mineralization as revealed in Crassostrea gigas and sea urchins. In this study, an MSP130-related-2 gene was isolated from Hyriopsis cumingii (HcMSP130-related-2) and characterized for the first time. The HcMSP130-related-2 cDNA was 2307 bp in length and consisted of a 572-bp 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR), a 1239-bp open reading frame encoding 430-amino acid residues, and a 439-bp 3'-UTR. The molecular weight of the peptide was predicted to be 48551.3 Da, with a theoretical isoelectric point of 4.78 and instability index of 32.74, indicating that the protein is stable. The HcMSP130-related-2 amino acid residues included a signal peptide and several potential N-glycosylation sites. NCBI BLAST analysis indicated that this full-length amino acid sequence showed the highest similarity with HcMSP130-related-2 from C. gigas (45%) and about 38% identity with that from SpMSP130-rel-2 and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. A phylogenetic tree showed that HcMSP130-rel-2 clustered with MSP130 from C. gigas. HcMSP130-related-2 was expressed in various tissues, including the mantle, blood, gill, foot, liver, kidney, intestine, and muscle, with the highest transcripts found in the mantle. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the expression of the HcMSP130- related-2 gene in grass carp after inducing shell damage. HcMSP130- related-2 expression was upregulated significantly in the mantle within 7 days (P < 0.05) after damage; however, the expression remained unchanged in the adductor muscle tissues (P > 0.05). These data suggest that HcMSP130-related-2 might be involved in shell formation in H. cumingii.


Assuntos
Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Filogenia , Ouriços-do-Mar/genética , Unionidae/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Complementar/genética , Expressão Gênica , Ouriços-do-Mar/metabolismo , Alinhamento de Sequência
9.
Genet Mol Res ; 13(3): 6653-64, 2014 Aug 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25177946

RESUMO

The freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii is of commercial importance because it produces the freshwater pearl; however, knowledge about the molecular characterization and regulation mechanisms of α-amylase remains unknown for this species. In this study, the full-length cDNA of the α-amylase gene (HcAmy) was isolated from H. cumingii by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that HcAmy mRNA was mainly expressed in the hepatopancreas; although, the gene was also expressed in the adductor muscle, intestine, gill, and crystalline style. After 2 weeks starvation, the expression of HcAmy mRNA in the hepatopancreas was upregulated at 24 h after re-feeding or when exposed to algal concentration of 32 µg/L chlorophyll-a, indicating that the HcAmy mRNA expression in H. cumingii is regulated by algal availability. The results of this study confirm that the HcAmy gene is an important component of the carbohydrate metabolism of H. cumingii fed phytoplankton. In addition, this study demonstrates that the modulation of this gene is dependent on environmental food availability, including starvation, re-feeding time following a period of starvation, and algal concentrations during re-feeding.


Assuntos
Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica , Hepatopâncreas/metabolismo , Unionidae/genética , alfa-Amilases/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Chlorella/fisiologia , Clorófitas/fisiologia , DNA Complementar/química , DNA Complementar/genética , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Água Doce , Brânquias/enzimologia , Brânquias/metabolismo , Hepatopâncreas/enzimologia , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Intestinos/enzimologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Fitoplâncton/fisiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Unionidae/enzimologia , alfa-Amilases/classificação
10.
Genet Mol Res ; 11(4): 4539-51, 2012 Dec 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23096918

RESUMO

Chitin, the second most important natural polymer in the world, and its N-deacetylated derivative chitosan are found in a wide variety of organisms. These versatile biopolymers are associated with a broad range of biological functions. This article is the first to report the potential functions of 2 chitin metabolic enzyme genes from Hyriopsis cumingii. A chitinase-3 gene (Chi-3) and a chitin deacetylase gene (Cda) were cloned from H. cumingii and characterized. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the Cda gene was expressed in blood, mantle, liver, stomach, kidney, intestine, gill, and foot, whereas Chi-3 was also expressed in those tissues but not in blood. The tissue-specific expression of H. cumingii Chi-3 indicated that other Chi genes may be involved in the H. cumingii immune system. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression of Chi-3 was significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated 12 h after shell damage, suggesting that Chi-3 might hydrolyze superfluous chitin after shell recovery and play a role in shell formation. Conversely, Cda expression did not change significantly (P > 0.05) to maintain a certain degree of acetylation in chitin/chitosan. This study enriches the basic research on chitin metabolic genes and lays foundations for further research of shell regeneration in mussels.


Assuntos
Amidoidrolases/genética , Quitinases/genética , Unionidae/genética , Amidoidrolases/química , Amidoidrolases/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Exoesqueleto/enzimologia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Quitinases/química , Quitinases/metabolismo , Clonagem Molecular , Etiquetas de Sequências Expressas , Expressão Gênica , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Especificidade de Órgãos , Filogenia , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Unionidae/enzimologia
11.
Braz J Biol ; 72(3): 545-52, 2012 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22990825

RESUMO

The unionid Anodontites trapesilais (Lamarck, 1819) like most freshwater mussels is a parasite of fish. So it is trivial to assume that the availability of hosts is an important factor for the maintenance of unionoid populations. What seems obvious is not always so easy to demonstrate. This study proposes to investigate the effects of abiotic and biotic variables related to the incubation of larvae in A. trapesialis. For this, we estimate different biological indexes and try to capture the dimensionality of the fish, along with the temporal variation of environmental variables. From the application of a CCA, it was demonstrated that there was a synchronicity among the factors and variables proposed here, and we infer that the flood pulse acts as a synergistic factor in this process.


Assuntos
Peixes/parasitologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Unionidae/fisiologia , Animais , Água Doce , Larva/fisiologia , Densidade Demográfica , Simbiose , Movimentos da Água
12.
Braz. j. biol ; Braz. j. biol;72(3): 545-552, Aug. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-649343

RESUMO

The unionid Anodontites trapesilais (Lamarck, 1819) like most freshwater mussels is a parasite of fish. So it is trivial to assume that the availability of hosts is an important factor for the maintenance of unionoid populations. What seems obvious is not always so easy to demonstrate. This study proposes to investigate the effects of abiotic and biotic variables related to the incubation of larvae in A. trapesialis. For this, we estimate different biological indexes and try to capture the dimensionality of the fish, along with the temporal variation of environmental variables. From the application of a CCA, it was demonstrated that there was a synchronicity among the factors and variables proposed here, and we infer that the flood pulse acts as a synergistic factor in this process.


O bivalve Anodontites trapesilais (Lamarck, 1819), como a maioria dos mexilhões de água doce, é parasita de peixes. Então, seria trivial supor que a disponibilidade de hospedeiros é um fator importante para a manutenção das populações dos unionoideos. Porém, o que parece óbvio nem sempre é tão simples de ser demonstrado. Este estudo se propõe a investigar os efeitos de variáveis abióticas e bióticas relacionadas com a incubação de larvas de A. trapesialis. Para tanto, nós estimamos diferentes Índices Biológicos e tentamos capturar a dimensionalidade da comunidade de peixes juntamente com a variação temporal das variáveis ambientais. A partir da aplicação de uma CCA, demonstramos que há uma sincronicidade entre os fatores e as variáveis aqui propostas, e inferimos que o pulso de inundação atua como fator sinergético desse processo.


Assuntos
Animais , Peixes/parasitologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Unionidae/fisiologia , Água Doce , Larva/fisiologia , Densidade Demográfica , Simbiose , Movimentos da Água
13.
Rev. cient. (Maracaibo) ; Rev. cient. (Maracaibo);18(5): 595-606, sept.-oct. 2008. tab, graf, mapas
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-548643

RESUMO

Se evaluó la calidad sanitaria de los mejillones Perna perna y P. viridis, así como de las aguas de extracción en tres zonas de producción del estado Sucre, Venezuela. Se realizaron doce muestreos entre agosto 2003 a agosto 2004. En las muestras de agua se determinó la carga (NMP/100 ml) de coliformes totales (CT) y coliformes fecales (CF), mientras que a los mejillones se les realizó recuento en placa de aerobios mesófilos (AM), carga de CF (NMP/g) y Escherichia coli, además de la detección de Salmonella spp. In situ se midió la temperatura superficial del agua, salinidad y oxígeno disuelto. El agua de las zonas de Bahía Iglesia y Punta Patilla cumplió con los criterios de CT y CF (legislación venezolana y FDA-EUA), no así la procedente de la Ensenada La Chica, en donde se obtuvo para los meses de noviembre y diciembre, valores máximos de los mismos grupos, que fueron comparativamente con los límites establecidos. Los recuentos de AM en mejillones cumplieron con los criterios microbiológicos para su comercialización establecidos por la FDA-EUA. Los mejillones procedentes de la Ensenada La Chica mostraron contaminación, ya que los CF y E. coli mostraron la cifra de los 230 NMP/g (limite permitido). Solo en una oportunidad (marzo 2004) en Bahía Iglesia, se encontraron altas cargas bacterianas en el mejillón (1,1x104 NMP/g de CF y E. coli). Se detectó Salmonella en la Ensenada La Chica solamente en octubre. No se encontró correlación entre las variables físico-químicas y las poblaciones bacterianas evaluadas. Se recomienda realizar monitoreos mensuales del agua y los mejillones para que estas zonas de producción de mejillones puedan ser clasificadas y certificadas correctamente.


The sanitary quality of the mussels, Perna perna and P. viridis, was evaluated, as well as that of the water in three zones of extraction in Sucre State, Venezuela. Twelve samplings were made between August 2003 and August 2004. In water samples, the total coliforms (TC) and fecal coliforms (FC) load were determined (MPN/100 ml), while in mussel samples a plate count of aerobial mesophils (AM), load of FC (MPN/g) and Escherichia coli were made, besides detection of Salmonella spp. In situ, the surface water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were measured. Waters from Bahía Iglesia and Punta Patilla met the criteria for TC and FC (according to the Venezuelan legislation and FDA-USA), but that from Ensenada La Chica during November and December did not, since the maximum values for these two groups were comparatively higher than the allowed limits. The bacterial counts of mussels from the former two areas met the microbiological criteria for commercialization, but those from Ensenada La Chica showed an elevated contamination, since FC and E. coli surpassed the value of 230 MPN/g (allowed limit). Only in one opportunity (March, 2004) at Bahía Iglesia there was high bacterial load in mussels (1.1x104 MPN/g of FC and E. coli). Salmonella was only detected in Ensenada La Chica in October. No relationship was found between the physical and chemical variables and the evaluated bacterial loads. A periodical monitoring of water and mussels is recommended in order to have a correct classification and certification of the mussel extraction zones.


Assuntos
Bivalves/microbiologia , Coliformes/análise , Salmonella/citologia , Unionidae/microbiologia , Microbiologia da Água , Biologia Marinha
14.
Environ Pollut ; 149(2): 209-15, 2007 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17321653

RESUMO

To evaluate the suitability of the tropical freshwater mussel Anodontites trapesialis for ecotoxicity assays, we tested the effects of temperature, pH, and Cd, Cu and Zn on its filtration rate. This is a relevant, sensible sublethal endpoint given the ecological role that this mussel plays in Amazonian environments. Filtration rate was calculated from the clearance of algae, fed to mussels at different temperature, pH and metal concentrations. Filtration rate was highest at 20 degrees C and pH 8, and decreased at low temperatures and pH. For all metals clear dose-response relationships were found. Cd exerted the most toxic effects (EC(50filtration) 64microg/L) followed by Cu (605microg/L) and Zn (4064microg/L). Metal mixtures representing present pollution levels clearly affected filtration rates. The results suggest that A. trapesialis is a suitable ecotoxicological test organism for the Amazonian region.


Assuntos
Ecologia , Metais Pesados/toxicidade , Intoxicação por Frutos do Mar , Unionidae/fisiologia , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Animais , Cádmio/toxicidade , Cobre/toxicidade , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Temperatura , Testes de Toxicidade Aguda , Zinco/toxicidade
15.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol ; 51(3): 387-91, 2006 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16865601

RESUMO

The bioaccumulation of atrazine in bivalves is expected due to its wide use in agriculture and its moderate water solubility (33 mg/l). To assess the capacity of bioaccumulation, we performed a laboratory study in which two bivalves species (Anodontites trapesialis and Corbicula fluminea) were exposed to atrazine (concentrations of 0.06 to 0.34 microg/ml) during 48 h. The results showed that both bivalve species were able to bioaccumulate atrazine in their tissues. In another experiment, groups of bivalves from the specie A. trapesialis were exposed to atrazine at the concentration of 1 mug/ml and different organs of these animals were analyzed. The visceral mass, foot and mantle plus siphon showed the highest values of atrazine bioaccumulation.


Assuntos
Atrazina/farmacocinética , Corbicula/metabolismo , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Unionidae/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/farmacocinética , Animais , Água Doce/química , Especificidade de Órgãos , Distribuição Tecidual
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