Evaluation of the Effect of a Mobile Application on Glycated Hemoglobin in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Protocol of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Digital educational technologies in health have been an important instrument for promoting learning, self-care, self-esteem, and security regarding prevention and health promotion actions that lead to changes in behavior, mainly for non-communicable disease patients, such as type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM 2). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe a protocol for evaluating the effect of an app for cell phones and tablets on the blood glucose of older adults with DM 2. METHODS: The protocol will be used to compare the effectiveness of an application for mobile devices concerning the educational booklet in reducing Glycated Hemoglobin in older adults with DM 2 in Primary Health Care. This protocol is part of a Randomized Clinical Trial project entitled Effectiveness of a Mobile Device Application on Glycated Hemoglobin in Elderly People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized Clinical Trial. RESULTS: The protocol was structured in the following phases: (i) sample calculation, (ii) invitation to participate in the study according to the eligibility criteria; (iii) participant registration; (iv) randomization and allocation of participants into groups (double blinding); (v) application of the intervention; (vi) post-intervention procedures (post-test); (vii) data analysis. CONCLUSION: It is expected that encouraging studies on the impact of a mobile application will improve and enhance health education focused on self-care for older adults with DM 2, potentially influencing the local health system by reducing hospitalizations due to conditions that are sensitive to primary care, since health promotion and prevention of DM-related illnesses will be the main focus of the application and booklet developed.

Orientaciones para el autocuidado de la diabetes. Módulo 2: Actividad física / Diabetes Self-Care Guidelines Module 2: Physical Activity

EL presente módulo describe un elemento clave en el cuidado de la diabetes, que es la actividad física. Está dirigido a las personas que conviven con la enfermedad, a sus familias y a sus cuidadores. Su propósito es contribuir al autocuidado mediante la entrega de algunas recomendaciones básicas para incorporar la actividad física como parte de la vida cotidiana de las personas con diabetes. Estas recomendaciones no reemplazan las indicaciones del médico o del equipo de salud, pero pueden servir de ayuda para mejorar el automanejo de la diabetes y también para prevenir sus complicaciones

Content validity of guidance on self-care in the post-operative period for breast cancer.

OBJECTIVES: to validate the content of a guidance guide on self-care in the postoperative period of breast surgery for breast cancer. METHODS: a methodological study with content validity, carried out with 15 expert nurses and physiotherapists, between May and July 2022. Recruitment took place from the Lattes Platform, using snowball sampling. The level of relevance and representativeness for each item was verified using the Content Validity Index (CVI). It was considered valid when CVI was equal to or greater than 78% (0.78). RESULTS: from the initial total of 37 items, two were excluded, as they had insufficient practical relevance and theoretical relevance, and another five items which, although presenting a CVI lower than the established cut-off, were suggested to be rewritten and grouped with other similar items. CONCLUSIONS: thirty items were considered valid and demonstrated important and significant characteristics, constituting suitable material for application in clinical practice.

Self-Administered Interventions Based on Natural Language Processing Models for Reducing Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The introduction of natural language processing (NLP) technologies has significantly enhanced the potential of self-administered interventions for treating anxiety and depression by improving human-computer interactions. Although these advances, particularly in complex models such as generative artificial intelligence (AI), are highly promising, robust evidence validating the effectiveness of the interventions remains sparse. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether self-administered interventions based on NLP models can reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, IEEE Xplore, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to November 3, 2023. We included studies with participants of any age diagnosed with depression or anxiety through professional consultation or validated psychometric instruments. Interventions had to be self-administered and based on NLP models, with passive or active comparators. Outcomes measured included depressive and anxiety symptom scores. We included randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies but excluded narrative, systematic, and scoping reviews. Data extraction was performed independently by pairs of authors using a predefined form. Meta-analysis was conducted using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and random effects models to account for heterogeneity. RESULTS: In all, 21 articles were selected for review, of which 76% (16/21) were included in the meta-analysis for each outcome. Most of the studies (16/21, 76%) were recent (2020-2023), with interventions being mostly AI-based NLP models (11/21, 52%); most (19/21, 90%) delivered some form of therapy (primarily cognitive behavioral therapy: 16/19, 84%). The overall meta-analysis showed that self-administered interventions based on NLP models were significantly more effective in reducing both depressive (SMD 0.819, 95% CI 0.389-1.250; P<.001) and anxiety (SMD 0.272, 95% CI 0.116-0.428; P=.001) symptoms compared to various control conditions. Subgroup analysis indicated that AI-based NLP models were effective in reducing depressive symptoms (SMD 0.821, 95% CI 0.207-1.436; P<.001) compared to pooled control conditions. Rule-based NLP models showed effectiveness in reducing both depressive (SMD 0.854, 95% CI 0.172-1.537; P=.01) and anxiety (SMD 0.347, 95% CI 0.116-0.578; P=.003) symptoms. The meta-regression showed no significant association between participants' mean age and treatment outcomes (all P>.05). Although the findings were positive, the overall certainty of evidence was very low, mainly due to a high risk of bias, heterogeneity, and potential publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the effectiveness of self-administered NLP-based interventions in alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms, highlighting their potential to increase accessibility to, and reduce costs in, mental health care. Although the results were encouraging, the certainty of evidence was low, underscoring the need for further high-quality randomized controlled trials and studies examining implementation and usability. These interventions could become valuable components of public health strategies to address mental health issues. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42023472120; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023472120.

A qualitative approach on long-term indwelling catheter use in an outpatient setting. / Uma abordagem qualitativa sobre o uso do cateter urinário de longo prazo no contexto ambulatorial.

A long-term indwelling catheter may be indicated in clinical situations, such as chronic diseases of the genitourinary or neurological systems. In addition to the risks of infection, trauma, and bleeding, a catheter's permanence can affect psycho-emotional and socioeconomic dimensions. We aimed to understand how the need to use a long-term indwelling catheter affects this patient's self-perception, interrelationships, and self-care. We carried out a qualitative, descriptive study based on interviews with 17 patients, and applied thematic analysis and complex thinking. The different prognoses and expectations regarding the catheter influenced self-perception, adaptation, acceptance, or denial. The presence of a catheter, whether as a curative measure or for comfort, can affect self-image and sexuality, and generate insecurities and uncertainties, which require understanding the multidimensionality of situations that suffer interference from the personal, family, and social environment, as well as health systems' capacity to deal with it. Despite the challenges, the majority of participants reported a favorable disposition towards self-care, whether to enable catheter removal or to prevent injuries in lifelong indications.

O cateter vesical de longa permanência pode ser indicado em situações clínicas, como nas doenças crônicas do sistema genitourinário ou neurológico. Além dos riscos de infecção, traumas e sangramentos, a permanência do cateter pode afetar dimensões psicoemocionais e socioeconômicas. Objetivamos compreender como a necessidade de uso do cateter urinário por um longo prazo afeta a autopercepção, as interrelações e o autocuidado deste paciente. Realizamos um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, a partir da entrevista de 17 pacientes, e aplicamos a análise temática e o pensamento complexo. Os diferentes prognósticos e as expectativas em relação ao cateter influenciaram a autopercepção, a adaptação, sua aceitação ou negação. A presença do cateter, seja como medida curativa ou para conforto, pode afetar a autoimagem e a sexualidade, gerar inseguranças e incertezas, que requerem compreensão da multidimensionalidade das situações, que sofrem interferências do meio pessoal, familiar e social, bem como da capacidade dos sistemas de saúde para o seu enfrentamento. Apesar dos desafios, a maioria dos participantes relatou disposição favorável para o autocuidado, seja para viabilizar retirada do cateter, ou para prevenir agravos em indicações vitalícias.

Self-care for people with heart failure: the importance of tele-nursing in the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: to describe factors of influence of telenursing on naturalistic decision making about self-care of people with heart failure during COVID-19. METHOD: this is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, with 16 participants interviewed after hospitalization for decompensated heart failure. The data was collected using audio and video technology and submitted to content analysis, guided by the Situation-Specific Theory of Heart Failure Self-Care. RESULT: two thematic categories emerged from the analysis: Self-care as a decision-making process and Factors influencing decision-making, which describe tele-nursing as a support resource for people with heart failure, during changes in care in the pandemic period. CONCLUSION: it was possible to understand the relationship between telenursing and the establishment of a bond, in order to stimulate naturalistic decision-making by people with heart failure in their daily lives in a coherent way, leading to better health outcomes. HIGHLIGHTS: (1) Different barriers compromise the decision-making of people with heart failure.(2) Nursing theories can guide coherent self-care attitudes.(3) Continuity of care and a support network are necessary after hospitalization.(4) Emotional support for people with heart failure must go hand in hand with conventional treatment.(5) The bond through tele-nursing provides positive health outcomes.

Effect of Self-transcendence, Self-distancing, and Family Functionality on Self-care Agency in Older Adults / Efecto de la autotrascendencia, autodistanciamiento y funcionalidad familiar en la agencia de autocuidado en adultos mayores / Efeito da autotranscendência, do autodistanciamento e da funcionalidade familiar na agência do autocuidado em idosos

Objective. To determine the effect of self-distancing, self-transcendence, and family functioning on self-care agency in Mexican older adults. Methods. Correlational-explanatory design, with a sample of 253 elderly, collecting data through a simple random sampling. A personal data questionnaire was applied, the scale of: self-transcendence, the self-distancing subscale, the family APGAR and the ability to self-care in Mexican population from different demographic groups. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied (Mann-Whitney U and a structural equation model) and the study was approved by a registered ethics committee. Results.The study had participation from 253 elderly, with a mean age of 68.02 years, with prevalence of the female sex (60.1%); the level of education was primary school or lower (51.4%). It was observed that the group of chronic diseases had lower self-distancing (U = 4.449.5, p = 0.038) and greater self-transcendence (U = 4177.0, p = 0.008), and selfcare (U = 4365.5, p = 0.024) than the group without chronic diseases. It was also found that self-transcendence, self-distancing, and family functionality produce a positive effect of 37% on selfcare. Conclusion. Self-distancing, self-transcendence, and family functionality explain an important proportion of selfcare in the elderly. Said knowledge permits understanding the care behavior of the elderly and, thus, propose future educational interventions by nursing to prevent or avoid functional, cognitive loss and social effects.

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del autodistanciamiento, autotrascendencia y funcionamiento familiar sobre la agencia de autocuidado en adultos mayores mexicanos. Métodos. Diseño correlacional-explicativo, con una muestra de 253 adultos mayores, recolectado mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se aplicó un cuestionario de datos personales, la escala de: autotrascendencia, la subescala de autodistanciamiento, el APGAR familiar y la capacidad de autocuidado en población mexicana de diferentes grupos demográficos. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva e inferencial (U de Mann-Whitney y un modelo de ecuación estructural) y contó con la aprobación de un comité de ética registrado. Resultados. Participaron 253 adultos mayores, con una media de 68.02 años, predominó el sexo femenino (60.1 %) y el grado de estudio de primaria o menor (51.4 %). Se observó que el grupo de enfermedades crónicas tuvo menor autodistanciamiento (U = 4.449,5, p = 0.038) y mayor autotrascendencia (U = 4.177,0, p = 0,008) y autocuidado (U = 4.365,5, p = 0.024) que el grupo sin enfermedades crónicas. También se encontró que la autotrascendencia, autodistanciamiento y funcionalidad familiar producen un efecto positivo de un 37 % sobre el autocuidado. Conclusión. El autodistanciamiento, autotrascendencia y la funcionalidad familiar explican una importante proporción del autocuidado en los adultos mayores. Dicho conocimiento permite entender la conducta del cuidado del adulto mayor y de esta manera proponer a futuro intervenciones educativas por enfermería con miras a prevenir o evitar la pérdida funcional, cognitiva y afectaciones sociales.

Objetivo. Determinar o efeito do autodistanciamento, da autotranscendência e do funcionamento familiar na capacidade de autocuidado em idosos mexicanos. Métodos. Desenho correlacional-explicativo, com amostra de 253 idosos, coletada por meio de amostragem aleatória simples. Aplicou-se um questionário de dados pessoais, a escala de autotranscendência, a subescala de autodistanciamento, o APGAR familiar e a capacidade de autocuidado na população mexicana de diferentes grupos demográficos. Estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais (U de Mann-Whitney e modelo de equações estruturais) foram aplicadas e tiveram aprovação de um comitê de ética registrado. Resultados. Participaram 253 idosos, com idade média de 68.02 anos, predominou o sexo feminino (60.1%) e o nível de escolaridade era fundamental ou inferior (51.4%). Observou-se que o grupo com doenças crônicas apresentou menor autodistanciamento (U=4.449.5, p=0.038) e maior autotranscendência (U=4177.0, p=0.008) e autocuidado (U=4365.5, p= 0.024) que o grupo sem doenças Crônicas. Verificou-se também que a autotranscendência, o autodistanciamento e a funcionalidade familiar produzem um efeito positivo de 37% no autocuidado. Conclusão. O autodistanciamento, a autotranscendência e a funcionalidade familiar explicam uma proporção importante do autocuidado em idosos. Esse conhecimento permite compreender o comportamento de cuidar do idoso e desta forma propor futuras intervenções educativas pela enfermagem com vistas a prevenir ou evitar perdas funcionais, cognitivas e efeitos sociais.

The Effect of the Team Members Teaching Design vs. Regular Lectures method on the Self-efficacy of the Multiple sclerosis Patients in Iran. Randomised Controlled Trial / El efecto del diseño de enseñanza colaborativa frente al método de clases regulares sobre la autoeficacia de los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple en Irán. Ensayo Controlado Aleatorizado / O efeito do design de ensino colaborativo versus método de aula regular na autoeficácia de pacientes com esclerose múltipla no Irã. Teste controlado e aleatório

Objective. This study was conducted with the aim of the effect of team members teaching design (TMTD) vs. regular Lectures method on the self-efficacy of the multiple sclerosis patients. Methods. This research is a randomized controlled trial study. In this study, 48 multiple sclerosis persons of members of Jahrom MS Society participated. The persons were selected by simple random sampling and then divided into three groups of: TMTD (n=16), regular lecture method (n=16), and control (n=16), by random allocation method. In the intervention groups, six training sessions were held twice a week; control group did not receive education. Data was collected by the MS self-efficacy questionnaire of Rigby et al. in the before, immediately and one month after the intervention. Results. Patients in three intervention and control groups were similar in terms of demographic variables. The results of the repeated measurement test before, immediately and one month after the intervention showed that the mean of the all dimensions of self-efficacy in two intervention groups had increased significantly (p<0.05). While these changes were not significant in the control group (p ≥ 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference in the mean of the all dimensions of self-efficacy between the intervention groups of TMTD and regular lectures. Conclusion. Based on the findings, TMTD compared to regular lectures method had a more significant effect on improving the self-efficacy of multiple sclerosis patients. Therefore, it is recommended that nursing use this educational approach to increase patients' self-efficacy.

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del diseño de la enseñanza colaborativa de los miembros del equipo (En inglés: Team Members Teaching Design -TMTD) frente al método de las clases regulares sobre la autoeficacia de los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM).Métodos. Ensayo controlado aleatorizado realizado con la participación de 48 personas con esclerosis múltiple afiliados a la Sociedad de Esclerosis Múltiple de Jahrom (Iran), que fueron seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio simple y luego asignados en forma randomizada en tres grupos, dos de intervención: TMTD (n=16) y método de clases regulares (n=16), y un grupo control (n=16). En los grupos de intervención se impartieron seis sesiones educativas (dos por semana); mientras que el grupo control no recibió educación. Se empleó el cuestionario de autoeficacia en EM de Rigby et al. en los momentos: antes, inmediatamente después de terminada la intervención y un mes de finalizada la misma.Resultados. Los pacientes de los tres grupos de intervención y control eran similares en cuanto a variables demográficas. Los resultados de la prueba de medidas repetidas antes, inmediatamente y un mes después de la intervención mostraron que la media de todas las dimensiones de autoeficacia en los dos grupos de intervención había aumentado significativamente (p<0.05). Mientras que estos cambios no fueron significativos en el grupo de control (p ≥ 0.05). Además, hubo una diferencia significativa en la media de todas las dimensiones de autoeficacia entre los grupos de intervención de TMTD y clases regulares, siendo mayor en TMTD. Conclusión. El TMTD comparado con el método de clases regulares, tuvo un mejor efecto en el aumento de la autoeficacia de los pacientes con EM. Por lo tanto, se sugiere a enfermería utilizar este enfoque educativo para aumentar la autoeficacia de los pacientes.

Objetivo. Determinar o efeito do desenho de ensino colaborativo dos membros da equipe (em inglês: Team Members Teaching Design -TMTD) comparado ao método de aulas regulares na autoeficácia de pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM). Métodos. Ensaio controlado randomizado realizado com a participação de 48 pessoas com esclerose múltipla afiliadas à Sociedade de Esclerose Múltipla de Jahrom (Irã), que foram selecionadas por amostragem aleatória simples e depois distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos, dois grupos de intervenção: TMTD (n=16 ) e método de aula regular (n=16), e um grupo controle (n=16). Foram ministradas seis sessões educativas nos grupos de intervenção (duas por semana); enquanto o grupo de controle não recebeu educação. Foi utilizado o questionário de autoeficácia em SM de Rigby et al. nos momentos: antes, imediatamente após o término da intervenção e um mês após seu término. Resultados. Os pacientes dos três grupos intervenção e controle foram semelhantes em termos de variáveis demográficas. Os resultados do teste de medidas repetidas antes, imediatamente e um mês após a intervenção mostraram que a média de todas as dimensões da autoeficácia nos dois grupos de intervenção aumentou significativamente (p<0.05). Embora essas alterações não tenham sido significativas no grupo controle (p ≥ 0.05). Além disso, houve diferença significativa na média de todas as dimensões de autoeficácia entre os grupos de intervenção TMTD e aulas regulares, sendo maior no TMTD. Conclusão. O TMTD comparado ao método de aula regular teve melhor efeito no aumento da autoeficácia dos pacientes com EM. Portanto, sugere-se que a enfermagem utilize essa abordagem educativa para aumentar a autoeficácia dos pacientes.

Understanding intimate self-care among riverine women: qualitative research through the lens of the Sunrise Model.

OBJECTIVES: to contribute to the change in understandings and knowledge of the popular system among riverine women about female intimate self-care before and after the application of an educational dynamic. METHODS: a qualitative-participative study based on the Sunrise Model. Twenty women registered at a Basic Health Unit on the Combu island, state of Pará, Brazil, participated in the second half of 2022. Semi-structured interviews were conducted before and after the educational dynamic; followed by reflective inductive analysis. RESULTS: these are pointed out: a female mechanism of generational education; the cultural act of bathing as synonymous with intimate self care and disease prevention; intimate care with medicinal herbs; lack of professional system approach to the topic; fear of using "muddy water"; and lack of financial resources to purchase specific products for genitourinary care. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: companionship and social factors drive intimate self-care; however, riverine women experience taboos, ignorance, and poverty.

Contribution of informal caregivers to self-care in individuals with heart failure.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the contribution of informal caregivers to the self-care of individuals with heart failure. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 87 caregivers from March to October 2022 in the city of João Pessoa/PB. The caregivers' contribution was assessed using the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index instrument. Scores ≥ 70 points indicate adequate contribution. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation. RESULTS: the sample consisted of 81.6% female caregivers. Median scores obtained for the self-care contribution scales were: 63.3 for maintenance; 55.5 for management; and 66.6 for confidence. Caregivers never or rarely recommended monitoring body weight, regular physical exercise, extra use of diuretics, and fluid restriction. CONCLUSIONS: informal caregivers showed inadequate contribution in the areas of maintenance, management, and confidence in self-care of individuals with heart failure.

The effect of Orem self-care model on the improvement of symptoms and quality of life in patients with diabetes: A scoping review.

Objective: to evaluate the association of Orem self-care model improvement of symptoms and quality of life in patients with diabetes. Methods: A scoping review was carried on bibliographic databases: PubMed-Medline, Scopus, SID and Magiran. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies examining the impact of the Orem self-care model on diabetic patients. Studies considered for inclusion needed to have full-text availability and be written in either English or Persian, with key words including "Models", "Nursing", "Quality of Life", and "Diabetes Mellitus". CONSORT checklist and STROBE statement were selected for quality assessment. Results: A total of 9 studies were included, all using quantitative methodology and focusing on adults or older adults. The majority of articles focused on quality of life and diabetic symptoms. 8 studies showed positive outcomes after implementation of the model. The findings indicate that this model led to an enhanced level of self-efficacy, improved quality of life, and better self-care practices among diabetic patients. Conclusion: Orem self-care model can reduce the diabetic symptoms and improve the quality of life, self-efficacy and self-care in these patients.

Effect of Self-transcendence, Self-distancing, and Family Functionality on Self-care Agency in Older Adults.

Objective: To determine the effect of self-distancing, self-transcendence, and family functioning on self-care agency in Mexican older adults. Methods: Correlational-explanatory design, with a sample of 253 elderly, collecting data through a simple random sampling. A personal data questionnaire was applied, the scale of: self-transcendence, the self-distancing subscale, the family APGAR and the ability to self-care in Mexican population from different demographic groups. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied (Mann-Whitney U and a structural equation model) and the study was approved by a registered ethics committee. Results: The study had participation from 253 elderly, with a mean age of 68.02 years, with prevalence of the female sex (60.1%); the level of education was primary school or lower (51.4%). It was observed that the group of chronic diseases had lower self-distancing (U = 4.449.5, p = 0.038) and greater self-transcendence (U = 4177.0, p = 0.008), and selfcare (U = 4365.5, p = 0.024) than the group without chronic diseases. It was also found that self-transcendence, self-distancing, and family functionality produce a positive effect of 37% on selfcare. Conclusion: Self-distancing, self-transcendence, and family functionality explain an important proportion of selfcare in the elderly. Said knowledge permits understanding the care behavior of the elderly and, thus, propose future educational interventions by nursing to prevent or avoid functional, cognitive loss and social effects.

Functional Capacity and Self-Care in Post-COVID-19 Patients in a Recovery Program / Capacidad funcional y autocuidado en pacientes post-covid-19 en un programa de rehabilitación / Capacidade funcional e autocuidado em pacientes pós-covid-19 em um programa de reabilitação

Introducción: la COVID-19 se manifiesta con síntomas agudos. Tras la infección por coronavírus, estos pueden persistir o pueden aparecer otros nuevos, comprometiendo la capacidad funcional y el autocuidado. Esta condición se ha denominado "síndrome Post COVID-19 agudo". Objetivo: evaluar la capacidad funcional y el autocuidado en pacientes post COVID-19. Materiales y método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo y exploratorio, en el que se evaluaron 53 historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en un Programa de Rehabilitación Funcional para el Síndrome Post COVID-19 Agudo, desarrollado en una universidad pública, desde agosto de 2022 hasta agosto de 2023. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y de asociación mediante las pruebas no paramétricas chi-cuadrado de Pearson o exacto de Fisher, con un nivel de significación del 5 % (p < 0,05). Resultados: la mayoría eran mujeres, mayores de 50 años y tratadas en su domicilio durante la infección. Se encontraron asociaciones entre el tiempo de hospitalización (p = 0,03), el antecedente de cirugía (p = 0,01) y la capacidad mediana de autocuidado (p = 0,04) con la capacidad funcional para realizar actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD). Conclusiones: el síndrome post-covid-19 agudo se asocia con capacidad mediana de autocuidado y dependencia parcial para las AIVD. El hallazgo aporta al desarrollo de estrategias de educación para la salud y cuidados orientados a la rehabilitación.

Introdução: a covid-19 se manifesta com sintomas agudos. Após a infecção pelo coronavírus, eles podem persistir ou novos podem surgir, comprometendo a capacidade funcional e o autocuidado. Essa condição foi chamada "síndrome pós-covid-19 aguda". Objetivo: avaliar a capacidade funcional e o autocuidado em pacientes pós-covid-19. Materiais e método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, que avaliou 53 prontuários de pacientes atendidos em um Programa de Reabilitação Funcional da síndrome pós-covid-19 aguda, desenvolvido em uma universidade pública, de agosto de 2022 a agosto de 2023. Procedeu-se à análise descritiva e de associação com testes não paramétricos Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5 % (p < 0,05). Resultado: a maioria era do sexo feminino, maiores de 50 anos com tratamento domiciliar durante a infecção. Foram encontradas associações entre tempo de internamento (p = 0,03), história de cirurgias (p = 0,01) e média capacidade para o autocuidado (p = 0,04) com a capacidade funcional para realizar as atividades instrumentais de vida diária (AIVD). Conclusões: a síndrome pós-covid-19 está associada à média capacidade de autocuidado e dependência parcial para AIVD. O achado contribui para a elaboração de estratégias de educação em saúde e cuidado voltado à reabilitação.

Introduction: COVID-19 manifests with acute symptoms. After coronavirus infection, they may persist or new ones may emerge, compromising functional capacity and self-care. This condition has been named "acute post-COVID-19 syndrome". Objective: To evaluate functional capacity and self-care in post-COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive and exploratory study, which evaluated 53 medical records of patients receiving care in a Functional Recovery Program for acute post-COVID-19 syndrome, conducted at a public university, from August 2022 to August 2023. A descriptive and association analysis was performed using Pearson's Chi-squared or Fisher's exact nonparametric tests, with a significance level of 5 % (p < 0.05). Results: Most participants were female, aged over 50 and receiving home care during the infection. Associations were found between the length of hospitalization (p = 0.03), having a history of surgery (p = 0.01), and a medium self-care capacity (p = 0.04) with the functional capacity to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Conclusion: Post-COVID-19 syndrome is associated with medium self-care capacity and partial dependence in terms of IADLs. The finding contributes to the development of health education and care strategies aimed at providing recovery.

Educational video for self-care with arteriovenous fistula in renal patients: randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effect of an educational video on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-care with arteriovenous fistula in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. METHOD: randomized controlled clinical trial, with two arms and single-blind. The intervention used an educational video on arteriovenous fistula self-care. The Fistula Self-Care Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Scale was applied to 27 renal patients on hemodialysis in the control group and 28 in the intervention group at baseline, after seven and fourteen days. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, using the chi-square test, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Friedman's test with post-hoc analysis for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: there were statistically significant differences in the knowledge and practice of self-care with the fistula at 0, 7 and, 14 days in the intervention (p= 0.004 and p<0.001, respectively) and control groups (p<0.001 for knowledge and practice). Attitude showed a significant difference at follow-up (p<0.001), but the post-hoc analysis did not confirm the significance obtained. CONCLUSION: patients' knowledge and practice showed significant increases at follow-up in the control and intervention groups, while the increase in attitude was not significant in either group. Clinical trial, registration number: U1111-1241-6730.

A soft systems approach of asthma management in children based on therapeutic education and e-learning.

One of the most common respiratory chronic diseases is asthma, with 5-16 % of world prevalence. In chronic disease, prevention, diagnosis, management, and palliation are the strategies for a care model; the patient-self management is fundamental with the so-called therapeutic education (TE) to train the patient in the necessary skills. The challenge of TE grows when the patient is a child or a person with special needs, even more in public health care in low- and middle-income countries. This is a problematic human situation, that needs soft system thinking. In this research, the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the perceived importance of the factors that affect children's asthma health care in a public health institution in Mexico. The soft systems methodology (SSM) was applied to learn about the disease self-management, in order to obtain activities models and an action plan. According to AHP, human resources and education were percived as the most important among the factors that affect children health care within the institution. The perceived importance of two main subfactors (human resources training and TE) was around 34 %, which emphasizes the need to generate strategies for the improvement of the education of patients and health care providers. In MSS, the rich vision, the CATWOE, the root definition, and an activities model were proposed, including the application of an instructional design methodology (ADDIE) for the development of learning objects of asthma for children. Desirable and feasible actions and recommendations include the update of the national clinical practice guides, the use of control measures such as the Asthma Control Test, and a daily asthma diary to register the daily status of the breathing capacity, the drug administration, and the potential trigger events. The proposed model can be used as part of a systemic patient-and-family centered approach for chronic care model (CCM), particularly in diseases unsuitable for prevention interventions.

Validity of the TBApp mobile application for self-care management for people with tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVES: to describe the validity process of the TBApp mobile application for self-care management for people with tuberculosis linked to Primary Health Care. METHODS: methodological research developed with ten expert judges, carried out virtually. The application was assessed in relation to content and technology quality in seven domains (objectivity; structure and appearance; relevance; functionality; reliability; usability; and efficiency), using an instrument with a Likert scale. RESULTS: TBApp was considered valid, relevant, functional, reliable and effective by expert judges. The objectives, structure and presentation and relevance domains presented an overall Content Validity Index of 0.93, and the functionality, reliability, usability and efficiency domains presented characteristics and sub-characteristics values greater than 0.80. CONCLUSIONS: TBApp is a creative and innovative tool that can be used by people with TB and disseminated in the scientific community.

Promoção da saúde: compreensão de idosos participantes de atividades remotas em grupos / Health promotion: understanding of elderly people participating in remote group activities / Promoción de la salud: comprensión de las personas mayores que participan en actividades grupales a distancia

Introdução: A longevidade é uma conquista na sociedade e dessa forma, é indispensável o apoio dos profissionais da saúde, a fim de ressignificar o envelhecimento. A promoção da saúde do idoso pode ser realizada por meio de ações em grupos. Objetivo: Compreender as ações promotoras da saúde, que são praticadas pelas pessoas idosas, participantes de atividades remotas em grupo. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, exploratório de caráter qualitativo. Foram convidados idosos participantes de um projeto de extensão universitária. Os critérios de inclusão foram idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, independente do gênero, e grau de escolaridade. O grupo remoto ocorreu semanalmente, durante 13 encontros, com uma hora de duração. Os dados foram coletados através de uma entrevista semiestruturada contendo questões sobre a compreensão referente às ações promotoras da saúde que realizavam em seu cotidiano. As respostas foram categorizadas através da Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: Participaram 11 pessoas idosas, com idade entre 60 e 81 anos, predominantemente mulheres e viúvas. Três categorias emergiram das análises sendo elas: 1. Autocuidado: ações promotoras da saúde, 2. Dificuldades vivenciadas para promover a saúde; 3. Percepção sobre a qualidade de vida e satisfação quanto à saúde. Conclusão: A compreensão do grupo abarcou a promoção da saúde em seus aspectos físico, mental e o social, distanciando-se do pensamento focado na ausência de doença. Cada pessoa idosa maneja, a seu modo, as formas de se manter saudável. (AU)

Introduction: Longevity is an achievement in society and, therefore, the support of health professionals is essential to give new meaning to aging. Promoting the health of the elderly can be carried out through group actions. Objective: To understand health-promoting actions, which are practiced by elderly people, participants in a group of remote activities. Methodology: Descriptive, exploratory study of qualitative nature. Elderly people participating in a university extension project were invited. The inclusion criteria were age equal to or over 60 years old, regardless of gender, and level of education. The remote group took place weekly, for 13 meetings, lasting one hour. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview containing questions about understanding regarding the health-promoting actions they carried out in their daily lives. The responses were categorized using Content Analysis, thematic modality. Results: 11 elderly people participated, aged between 60 and 81 years, predominantly women and widows. Three categories emerged from the analyses: 1. Self-care: health-promoting actions, 2. Difficulties experienced to promote health; 3. Perception of quality of life and health satisfaction. Conclusion: The group's understanding encompassed the promotion of health in its physical, mental and social aspects, moving away from thinking focused on the absence of disease. Elderly people manage, in their own way, ways to stay healthy. (AU)

Introducción: La longevidad es un logro en la sociedad y, por ello, el apoyo de los profesionales de la salud es fundamental para darle un nuevo significado al envejecimiento. La promoción de la salud de las personas mayores se puede realizar a través de acciones grupales. Objetivo: Comprender acciones de promoción de la salud, practicadas por las personas mayores, participantes de un grupo de actividades a distancia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, de carácter cualitativo. Se invitó a personas mayores que participan en un proyecto de extensión universitaria. Los criterios de inclusión fueron edad igual o mayor a 60 años, independientemente del sexo y nivel de estudios. El grupo remoto se desarrolló semanalmente, durante 13 reuniones, con una duración de una hora. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una entrevista semiestructurada que contenía preguntas sobre la comprensión de las acciones de promoción de la salud que realizaban en su vida diaria. Las respuestas fueron categorizadas mediante Análisis de Contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: Participaron 11 personas mayores, con edades entre 60 y 81 años, predominantemente mujeres y viudas. De los análisis surgieron tres categorías: 1. Autocuidado: acciones promotoras de la salud, 2. Dificultades vividas en la promoción de la salud; 3. Percepción de calidad de vida y satisfacción con la salud. Conclusión: La comprensión del grupo abarcó la promoción de la salud en sus aspectos físicos, mentales y sociales, alejándose del pensamiento centrado en la ausencia de enfermedad. Cada persona mayor logra, a su manera, maneras de mantenerse saludable. (AU)

Nurseostomy: an instrument for Nursing assessment of individuals with intestinal ostomy in a hospital setting / Nurseostomy: instrumento para avaliação de Enfermagem à pessoa com estomia intestinal em ambiente hospitalar

Objective: To describe the process of construction and validation of Nurseostomy, a nursing assessment instrument for individuals with intestinal ostomy in a hospital setting. Method: This is a methodological study developed following the recommendations of the Brazilian Consensus on Care for Adults with Elimination Ostomies to support the construction of the assistive technology and the validation of content, structure, and appearance with experts. The tool was developed using Microsoft Word®. The study participants were 17 stoma care nurse experts. Data collection took place between October and November 2022 using a Google Forms questionnaire. For data analysis, the Content Validity Index (CVI) was used, with a minimum agreement value of 0.8. Results: An instrument consisting of seven domains was developed according to the Wanda de Aguiar Horta theoretical framework. The global CVI was 0.91. Conclusion: The instrument was considered validated in all three axes (content, structure, and relevance) and shows potential for external validation and the development of clinical research. (AU)

Objetivo: Descrever o processo de construção e validação do Nurseostomy, instrumento de Enfermagem para avaliação da pessoa com estomia intestinal em ambiente hospitalar. Método: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico desenvolvido por meio das recomendações do Consenso Brasileiro de Cuidados às Pessoas Adultas com Estomias de Eliminação, para embasar a construção da tecnologia assistencial e a validação de conteúdo, estrutura e aparência com juízes. A ferramenta foi desenvolvida com o programa Microsoft Word®. Os participantes do estudo foram 17 juízes estomaterapeutas com expertise na área em estudo. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre outubro e novembro de 2022 mediante formulário do Google Forms. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o Índice de Validação de Conteúdo (IVC), com valor de concordância mínimo de 0,8. Resultados: Foi elaborado instrumento composto de sete domínios, de acordo com o referencial teórico Wanda de Aguiar Horta. O IVC global foi de 0,91. Conclusão: O instrumento foi considerado validado nos três eixos (conteúdo, estrutura e relevância), e apresenta potencial para validação externa e desenvolvimento de pesquisas clínicas. (AU)

Objetivo: Describir el proceso de construcción y validación del Nurseostomy, un instrumento de enfermería para la evaluación de personas con estomía intestinal en ambiente hospitalario. Método: Se trata de un estudio metodológico desarrollado a través de las recomendaciones del Consenso Brasileño de Cuidados a Personas Adultas con Estomías de Eliminación, para apoyar la construcción de la tecnología de atención y la validación de contenido, estructura y apariencia con los jueces. La herramienta se desarrolló a través del programa Microsoft Word®. Los participantes del estudio fueron 17 jueces estomaterapeutas expertos en el área estudiada. La recogida de datos se realizó entre octubre y noviembre de 2022 mediante un formulario de Google Forms. Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizó un índice de validez de contenido (IVC), con un valor mínimo de acuerdo de 0,8. Resultados: Se elaboró un instrumento compuesto por siete dominios, de acuerdo con la referencia teórica de Wanda Aguiar Horta. El IVC global fue de 0,91. Conclusión: Se concluye que el instrumento fue considerado valido en los tres ejes (contenido, estructura y relevancia), y presenta potencial para la validación externa y el desarrollo de la investigación clínica. (AU)

Learning demands of diabetes self-management: a qualitative study with people who use insulin.

OBJECTIVE: to understand the experiences with diabetes mellitus management of people who use insulin, in order to identify possible factors that may influence adherence to self-care and thus define their learning demands for diabetes self-management. METHOD: this is a qualitative study carried out using individual semi-structured interviews online. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and evaluated using Atlas.ti® software by means of Thematic Content Analysis, using the Health Beliefs Model as a theoretical framework. RESULTS: 11 people living with diabetes and using insulin took part in the study. Four categories were identified: understanding diabetes, how to deal with diabetes, difficulties related to insulin use and emotional adaptation. CONCLUSION: the perception of the severity of the disease, its complications and the benefits of adhering to treatment positively influences adherence to self-care behaviors. Although the study participants have lived with diabetes for many years, they are not exempt from difficulties related to insulin use and disease management, reinforcing the importance of continuing health education. In this sense, the findings of this study guide important educational themes to be worked on by health professionals to promote autonomy in diabetes self-management. BACKGROUND: (1) Perceived severity of diabetes positively influences self-care. (2) Continued health education for people who use insulin is essential. (3) The importance of recognizing the benefits of insulin in adherence to treatment. (4) Emotional aspects in diabetes management should be considered in health education.

Cultural context and self-care impact on medical students' quality of life. A mixed-methods approach.

BACKGROUND: Medical education can make it difficult for students to take actions to improve their health. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of the university context on self-care behaviors and quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A mixed-methods approach was used, with surveys being combined to assess self-care and quality of life, with in-depth interviews to explore cultural influences and perceptions. Statistical analysis and qualitative data coding were carried out, with methods being integrated through network analysis. RESULTS: Self-care scores exceeded 50 points, and quality of life scores exceeded 60 points. Medical students' context is shaped by motivations, expectations, skills, and goals that influence identity formation and contribute to the medical profession. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive connection between self-care practices and quality of life. However, academic stress can potentially disrupt self-care routines. Furthermore, an association between obesity and a decrease in quality of life stands out, which emphasizes the need for health promotion actions.

ANTECEDENTES: La educación médica puede dificultar que los estudiantes realicen acciones para mejorar su salud. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la influencia del contexto universitario en los comportamientos de autocuidado y la calidad de vida. ­. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se empleó un enfoque de métodos mixtos, combinando encuestas para evaluar el autocuidado y la calidad de vida, con entrevistas en profundidad para explorar influencias culturales y percepciones. Se llevaron a cabo análisis estadísticos y codificación de datos cualitativos; los métodos se integraron a través del análisis de redes. RESULTADOS: Las puntuaciones de autocuidado superaron los 50 puntos y las de calidad de vida, los 60 puntos. El contexto de los estudiantes de medicina está moldeado por motivaciones, expectativas, habilidades y metas que influyen en la formación de la identidad y contribuyen a la profesión médica. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una conexión positiva entre prácticas de autocuidado y la calidad de vida; sin embargo, el estrés académico pueden interrumpir potencialmente las rutinas de autocuidado. Además, se destaca la asociación entre la obesidad y la afectación en la calidad de vida, lo que enfatiza la necesidad de acciones de promoción de la salud.