Comprensión de las dimensiones de la autenticidad de la marca de los deportistas / Understanding the dimensions of athlete brand authenticity

Hasaan, A., y Fişne, M. (2021). Comprensión de las dimensiones de la autenticidad de la marca de los deportistas. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-28. Como los deportistas son considerados una marca, gestionarla es un desafío para el mercado. La autenticidad de la marca es una herramienta que se puede utilizar para garantizar que esta se mantenga durante un período de tiempo más largo. Para comprender el concepto de autenticidad de la marca del deportista, se realizó una revisión sistemática de las publicaciones en varias bases de datos electrónicas. A partir de estudios anteriores que analizaron los atributos de autenticidad de marca para algunas de ellas, se identificaron un total de 76 atributos. Después de fusionar los interrelacionados, el número final de atributos únicos fue 23. Estos se dividieron en tres grandes temas: actividades en la cancha, actividades fuera de la cancha y actividades de marketing de un deportista. El estudio encuentra la complejidad relacionada con la autenticidad de la marca en que esta es un proceso multidimensional que perdura por períodos más largos de la carrera del atleta. El estudio actual también destaca las complicaciones al establecer la autenticidad de la marca del atleta y que ocurren debido a la naturaleza de esta.

Hasaan, A. & Fişne, M. (2021). Understanding the dimensions of athlete brand authenticity. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-28. The management of an athlete brand is challenging due to the complex nature of athlete career and life. Striving to maintain brand authenticity will promote long-term sustainability of the brand. The purpose of the study is to determine possible factors that contribute to athlete brand authenticity and help athletes to develop their brand more authentically. To understand the concept of athlete brand authenticity, a systematic literature review was conducted on various electronic databases. The study opted the five-step stages of the framework for this systematic review. A total of 76 attributes were identified from past studies that analyzed the attributes of brand authenticity for various brands. After merging interrelated attributes, the final number of unique attributes was 23. These attributes were distributed among three major themes: on-field activities, off-field activities and marketing activities of an athlete. The study finds brand authenticity to be a multi-dimensional and complex process that endures for longer extensive periods of an athlete's career. The current study also highlights the complications related to an athlete brand that occur when establishing athlete brand authenticity. Therefore, this study provides an opportunity to refine athlete brand authenticity further within the discussed domains.

Hasaan, A. e Fişne, M. (2021). Entendendo as dimensões da autenticidade da marca dos atletas. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-28. Como os atletas são considerados uma marca, gerenciá-la é um desafio para o mercado. A autenticidade da marca é uma ferramenta que pode ser usada para garantir que ela se mantenha por um período maior de tempo. Para entender o conceito de autenticidade da marca do atleta, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura em diversas bases de dados eletrônicas. De estudos anteriores que analisaram atributos de autenticidade da marca para algumas delas, foram identificados 76 atributos. Após a fusão dos inter-relacionados, o número final de atributos únicos foi de 23. Estes foram divididos em três temas principais: atividades no campo, atividades fora do campo e atividades de marketing de um atleta. O estudo encontra a complexidade relacionada à autenticidade da marca, pois trata-se de um processo multidimensional que dura períodos mais longos. O presente estudo também destaca complicações relacionadas à marca de um atleta que ocorrem ao estabelecer a sua autenticidade devido à natureza dessa marca.

Psychophysiological effects of different execution speeds of single bout exercise in outdoor fitness equipment performed by older men

Abstract Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different cadences of movement in ATI equipment on the psychophysiological parameters of older adults during the training session. Methods: Fifteen physically independent older men voluntarily participated in this study. Three 30-min exercise sessions were randomly distributed (5 min warm-up, 20 min exercise, 5 min cooldown), comprising exercises with different cadences low (L: 1 movement every 4 s), medium (M: 1 movement every 2 s), and high cadence (H: 1 movement per second); all with 30" of stimulus and 30" recovery using the following devices: elliptical, rower, surf/elliptical and leg press. Heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), rate of perceived recovery (RPR), and feeling scale (FS) were evaluated before and immediately after the three sessions. The difference between moments was analyzed by analysis of variance with a significance level of p < 0.0001). Results: Cadence L (56 ± 2 %) showed lower values of relative HR than M (70 ± 5%) and H (85 ± 5%), which also differed from each other. Significant differences (p < 0.01) for the area under the curve of RPE (L: 75 ± 26, M: 115 ± 16, H: 154 ± 4) and RPR (L: 173 ± 16, M: 139 ± 12, H: 97 ± 6; UA) were identified among the cadences. Statistical differences (p < 0.01) were found on RPE 30 min of the session (L: 4.2 ± 0.7 < M: 5.7 ± 0.7 < H: 7.4 ± 0.5). Conclusion: The performance of different cadences induced different psychophysiological responses in older adults undergoing exercise sessions in the ATI. The moderate cadence provided an increase in HR with values considered safe for the exercise and therefore can be recommended for this population when using this equipment.

Análise de redes socialis pela óptica da abordagem ecológica: un ensaio teórico / Social networks analysis in sports through an ecological approach: a theoretical framework

Resumo Meli Neto, B., Fuini Puggina, E., Pombo Menezes, R., Cláudio Machado, J., Vanella, R. e Aquino, R. (2021). Análise de redes sociais no esporte pela ótica da abordagem ecológica: um ensaio teórico. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-19. A análise de desempenho é uma disciplina intimamente relacionada à pedagogia do esporte. As bases teóricas que sustentam as escolhas metodológicas devem ser bem estabelecidas para existir uma convergência entre os instrumentos de avaliação e o processo de ensino e treinamento. Este ensaio teórico teve por objetivo apresentar e discutir a importância e representatividade da análise de redes sociais para avaliar o desempenho em esportes coletivos. O principal objetivo da análise de redes sociais é estudar a relação entre os jogadores para identificar possíveis causas e consequências dos eventos ocorridos durante a partida. Sendo assim, a análise de redes sociais trabalha de forma diferente das análises tradicionais, nas quais o principal foco está no sujeito, ou em análises notacionais que são as mais comumente utilizadas e que buscam a acumulação da frequência dos eventos ocorridos (e.g. gols marcados, posse de bola, áreas de finalização das jogadas). Tal instrumento de avaliação, teoricamente posicionado numa abordagem ecológica, mostra-se eficaz para a identificação de padrões de interação num grupo e o entendimento dos artifícios sociais que ajudam a compreender o desempenho em uma equipe. Assim, as equipes passam a ser analisadas como grupos sociais e não como sujeitos isolados. Neste ensaio, também se apresentam as principais aplicações práticas desse instrumento de avaliação em diferentes esportes coletivos, tais como o futebol, o futsal, o handebol, o basquetebol e o voleibol.

Abstract Meli Neto, B., Fuini Puggina, E., Pombo Menezes, R., Cláudio Machado, J., Vanella, R. & Aquino, R. (2021). Social networks analysis in sports through an ecological approach—a theoretical framework. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-19. Performance analysis is a discipline that is closely related to the pedagogy of sports. The theoretical foundations that undergird methodological choices must be well established in order for a convergence to exist between evaluation instruments and the process of teaching and training. The objective of the present theoretical study was to present and discuss the importance and representativeness of social networks analysis in order to evaluate the performance in group sports. The main purpose of social networks analysis is to study the relationships among players, in order to identify possible causes and consequences of the events that took place during a match. Thus, the analysis of social networks works differently from traditional analyses, whose major focus is on the subject, or in notational analyses that are most commonly used and that look for the accumulation of frequency of the events that have occurred (e.g., goals scored, ball possession, finishing zones). Such an instrument of evaluation, theoretically positioned on an ecological approach, proves effective for the identification of interaction patterns in a group and for understanding the social artifices that help to understand performance in a team. Thus, teams come to be analyzed as social groups instead of isolated individuals. This study also presents the main practical applications of this evaluation instrument in different group sports such as soccer football, indoor soccer, handball, basketball and volleyball.

Resumen Meli Neto, B., Fuini Puggina, E., Pombo Menezes, R., Cláudio Machado, J., Vanella, R. y Aquino, R. (2021). Análisis de redes sociales en el deporte desde el punto de vista del enfoque ecológico. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-19. El análisis del rendimiento está relacionado con la pedagogía del deporte. Las bases teóricas que sustentan las selecciones metodológicas deben estar bien establecidas para que haya una convergencia entre los instrumentos de evaluación y el proceso de enseñanza y entrenamiento. Este ensayo pretende presentar y discutir la importancia y representatividad del análisis de redes sociales para evaluar el rendimiento en los deportes de equipo. El objetivo principal del análisis de redes sociales es estudiar la relación entre los jugadores para identificar las posibles causas y consecuencias de los eventos durante el partido. Así, el análisis de redes sociales es diferente de los análisis tradicionales, en los que el foco principal está en el sujeto, o de los análisis notacionales, que son más utilizados y acumulan la frecuencia de los eventos ocurridos (por ejemplo, los goles marcados, la posesión del balón, las zonas de remate). Esta herramienta de evaluación, posicionada teóricamente en un enfoque ecológico, se muestra eficaz para la identificación de los patrones de interacción en un grupo y la comprensión de los artificios sociales que ayudan a entender el rendimiento de un equipo. Así, los equipos pasan a ser analizados como grupos sociales y no como sujetos aislados. En este ensayo, también se exponen las principales aplicaciones prácticas de esta herramienta de evaluación en diferentes deportes de equipo, como el fútbol, el fútbol sala, el balonmano, el baloncesto y el voleibol.

Research on the health system of community sports framework based on function orientation / Pesquisa sobre a estrutura do sistema de saúde esportiva comunitária com base na orientação funcional / Investigación sobre el marco del sistema de salud del deporte comunitario basado en la orientación funcional

ABSTRACT Introduction: Community sports activities are performed by people in the community environment, using beneficial factors such as sports equipment, facilities, and natural resources in the community to improve their body structure and functions, and their activity participation levels. Objective: The thesis studies how to use the framework and theory of "International Classification of Functions, Disability and Health" and World Health Organization "Community Rehabilitation Guidelines" to construct a sports service system to promote community health. Methods: The thesis uses the theory and methods related to function, disability, and health of the International Classification of Functions, Disability, and Health, and the matrix of the World Health Organization's Community Rehabilitation Guidelines as the framework for community sports activities and integrated development. Results: The development of community sports activity services can improve the physical function and athletic ability of different participants, promote healthy behaviors, improve mental health, and improve happiness. Community sports activities can promote the community's health, rehabilitation, education, career development, and empowerment. The integrated development of community sports activities and community health and rehabilitation activities will build a modern health service system. Conclusions: Use "International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health" to construct a community sports activity framework based on function orientation and overall health. Use the matrix and methods of the World Health Organization's "Community Rehabilitation Guidelines" to promote the integration of sports activities with activities such as health, rehabilitation, education, professional development, and empowerment to achieve inclusive community development and overall community health. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução: As atividades esportivas comunitárias são realizadas por pessoas do meio comunitário, utilizando fatores benéficos como equipes esportivas, instalações e recursos naturais da comunidade para melhorar sua estrutura e funções corporais e seus níveis de participação na atividade. Objetivo: A tese estuda como usar a estrutura e a teoria da "Classificação Internacional de Funções, Incapacidade e Saúde" e as "Diretrizes de Reabilitação Comunitária" da Organização Mundial de Saúde para construir um sistema de serviços esportivos para promover a saúde da comunidade. Métodos: A tese usa a teoria e métodos relacionados à função, deficiência e saúde da Classificação Internacional de Funções, Incapacidade e Saúde, e a matriz das Diretrizes de Reabilitação Comunitária da Organização Mundial de Saúde como uma estrutura para atividades esportivas comunitárias e desenvolvimento integrado. Resultados: O desenvolvimento de serviços de atividades esportivas comunitárias pode melhorar a função física e a capacidade atlética dos diferentes participantes, promover comportamentos saudáveis, melhorar a saúde mental e melhorar a felicidade. As atividades esportivas da comunidade podem promover saúde, reabilitação, educação, desenvolvimento profissional e empoderamento da comunidade. O desenvolvimento integrado de atividades esportivas comunitárias e atividades de saúde e reabilitação comunitárias criará um sistema moderno de serviços de saúde. Conclusões: Use a "Classificação Internacional de Função, Incapacidade e Saúde" para construir uma estrutura de atividade esportiva comunitária baseada na orientação funcional e saúde geral. Use a matriz e os métodos das "Diretrizes de Reabilitação da Comunidade" da Organização Mundial da Saúde para promover a integração das atividades esportivas com atividades como saúde, reabilitação, educação, desenvolvimento profissional e capacitação para alcançar o desenvolvimento comunitário inclusivo e saúde da comunidade em geral. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las actividades deportivas comunitarias son realizadas por personas del entorno comunitario, utilizando factores beneficiosos como equipos deportivos, instalaciones y recursos naturales de la comunidad para mejorar su estructura y funciones corporales, y sus niveles de participación en la actividad. Objetivo: La tesis estudia cómo utilizar el marco y la teoría de la "Clasificación internacional de funciones, discapacidad y salud" y las "Pautas de rehabilitación comunitaria" de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para construir un sistema de servicios deportivos para promover la salud comunitaria. Métodos: La tesis utiliza la teoría y los métodos relacionados con la función, la discapacidad y la salud de la Clasificación Internacional de Funciones, Discapacidad y Salud, y la matriz de las Pautas de rehabilitación comunitaria de la Organización Mundial de la Salud como marco para las actividades deportivas comunitarias y el desarrollo integrado. Resultados: El desarrollo de servicios comunitarios de actividades deportivas puede mejorar la función física y la capacidad atlética de los diferentes participantes, promover comportamientos saludables, mejorar la salud mental y mejorar la felicidad. Las actividades deportivas comunitarias pueden promover la salud, la rehabilitación, la educación, el desarrollo profesional y el empoderamiento de la comunidad. El desarrollo integrado de las actividades deportivas comunitarias y las actividades comunitarias de salud y rehabilitación construirá un moderno sistema de servicios de salud. Conclusiones: Utilice la "Clasificación internacional de función, discapacidad y salud" para construir un marco de actividad deportiva comunitaria basado en la orientación funcional y la salud en general. Utilice la matriz y los métodos de las "Pautas de rehabilitación comunitaria" de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para promover la integración de actividades deportivas con actividades como salud, rehabilitación, educación, desarrollo profesional y empoderamiento para lograr el desarrollo comunitario inclusivo y la salud comunitaria en general. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Relationship between bow stability and postural control in recurve archery.

AbstractArchery is a sport that requires fine movement control, and postural stability is considered an important variable to achieve high performance. In order to better understand the coupling between archer and bow during the aiming phase, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between bow stability and postural control in recurve archery according to shooting performance. A total of 8 archers shot 6 arrows at a 13-m distant target. The three-dimensional position of one marker attached to the bow and the center of pressure (COP) position of the archer (the point of application of the resultant ground reaction force on a force plate) were measured during the aiming phase, representing bow and archer displacement, respectively. COP displacement in the direction across the target (COPY), length of the COP trajectory (DCOP) and length of the bow trajectory (Dbow) were higher in the lowest scoring shot compared to the highest one. A strong and significant correlation was found between COP and bow displacement in the direction towards/away from the target (COPX and DX) and between COPX and vertical displacement of the bow (DZ) during the highest scoring shot. This result indicates that synchronization between body and bow sway may influence the accuracy of the shot, suggesting that combined balance and bow stability training exercises would be beneficial to improve archery performance.

The effects of lifting straps in maximum strength, number of repetitions and muscle activation during lat pull-down.

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of using lifting straps on the lat pull-down exercise on maximal strength, number of repetitions, and muscle activation. Twelve resistance-trained men participated (age 27 ± 4 years, body mass 84 ± 10 kg, height 177 ± 6 cm, resistance training experience 6.6 ± 2.4 years). All participants performed the 1RM tests and training protocols either with the lifting straps (WS) or without (WOS). Exercise sessions for both conditions (WS and WOS) consisted of 3 sets to concentric failure with a load of 70% of one repetition maximum (1RM) and rest intervals of 60 s. For the 1RM test, no difference was observed between WS and WOS conditions (96.5 ± 12.7 kg and 96.6 ± 11.9 kg, respectively). There were no differences between the WS and WOS conditions in the number of repetitions per set, total repetitions and latissimus dorsi muscle activation. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrate that the use of lifting straps in the lat pull-down exercise by resistance-trained individuals does not promote beneficial effect in the 1RM value, the number of repetitions performed with 70% of 1RM, and muscle activation.

The use of outdoor gyms is associated with women and low-income people: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence, and the demographic, socio-economic, and health correlates to Outdoor Gyms (OGs) use for adults from a southern Brazilian city. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study. METHODS: A total of 431 adults (66.8% women) aged 18-87 years living in the surroundings of four OGs distributed in different regions of the city were randomly selected. Information about OG use for physical activity (PA) practice, and demographic, socio-economic, and health variables were collected by household interviews. Associations between independent variables and OG use were analyzed with results expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: About one-third of participants (30.4%; 95% CI: 26.1-34.7) informed using OGs for PA practice, and 20.4% (95% CI 16.8-24.4) informed using it twice or more times a week (≥2x/week). Adjusted analysis indicated that the OG use ≥2x/week is higher for women (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.11-3.35) and for those with lower family income (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.03-4.13) than men and those with higher family income, respectively. CONCLUSION: About 30% of the population uses OGs for PA practice. Women and low-income people are those who more commonly use OGs for PA practice. The installation of these facilities in public spaces may reduce social inequities related to leisure-time PA.

Does a 4-week training period with hand paddles affect front-crawl swimming performance?

This study investigated the effects of a 4-week training with hand paddles (HPD) on front-crawl swimming performance (SP), clean swimming speed (SPEED), stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL) and tethered force (TF). Twenty swimmers (10 men and 10 women) were paired according to performance and gender, and were randomly assigned to control (CON, 22.4 ± 2.3 years) or HPD (21.8 ± 1.9 years) groups. During 4 weeks both groups performed the same training, except for a sprint training set (3 times/week, 10 × 10 strokes all-out, 1-min rest) completed with (HPD = 320 cm2) and without (CON) paddles. Afterwards, both groups performed the same training over a 2-week taper period. SP, SPEED, SR, SL and TF were assessed before (PRE) and after the 4-week period (POST), after the first (T1) and second taper weeks (T2). Swimmers rated their perceived exertion for the sprint training set (RPETS) and the training session for determining internal training load (ITL). SP, SPEED, SR, SL and TF did not change from PRE to POST, T1 and T2. ITL and RPETS were not different between groups. Training 4 weeks with HPD does not affect swimming performance, so the use of HPD remains unsupported in such period.

Effect of exercise order with barbell and machine modalities on upper body volume load and myoelectric activity.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of exercise order on volume load (VL) and myoelectric activation (EMG) during the bench press (BP), military press (MP) and close-grip bench press (CGBP) exercises executed with a barbell and Smith machine. Twelve men experienced in resistance training performed four different exercise sessions in randomised order. Each session consisted of four sets of a given exercise order: O1 = CGBP + MP + BP with barbell; O2 = inverse O1 with barbell, O3 = same O1 with Smith Machine; O4 = same O2 with Smith machine. EMG was assessed for the Clavicular head pectoralis major (PMC), anterior deltoid (AD), triceps brachii long head (TBLH) and biceps brachii (BB). Results showed that VL in BP was affected by exercise order, independent of the mode (p < 0.05). However, the CGBP showed higher VL in O1. Moreover, when the BP was positioned last in the sequence (O1 and O3), myoelectric activity was higher for PMC, AD and TBLH (p < 0.05). Findings were similar in the CGBP (PMC and TBLH), but for the AD (Smith machine > barbell, p < 0.05). Therefore, it appears that the order and modes of exercises influence both volume load and myoelectric activation patterns during multiple set of resistance training.

Provisión de infraestructura o equipamiento para realizar actividad física: informe n°9: serie de informes técnicos en obesidad infantil / Provision of infrastructure or equipment for physical activity: report n°9: technical report series on childhood obesity

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO El sobrepeso comprende un problema de salud a nivel global. Al mirar las tendencias en la población infantil, el último reporte de salud pública de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos sobre el país, estima que casi un 45% de los niños y niñas chilenos tienen obesidad o sobrepeso, lo que supera al 25% promedio que presentan los países miembros. El presente informe tiene como objetivo evaluar la provisión de infraestructura o equipamiento para realizar actividad física en función de reducir la obesidad, y de esta manera informar a las autoridades sobre las distintas estrategias efectivas que abordan la obesidad infantil. METODOLOGÍA Se formuló una estrategia de búsqueda para recuperar revisiones sistemáticas en las bases de datos Medline y Embase, en marzo de 2019. Se construyó una matriz de evidencia en Epistemonikos con el objetivo de encontrar literatura adicional. Se utilizó la metodología GRADE. Se incluyen estudios que contemplen la instalación de infraestructura o la provisión de equipamiento para realizar actividad física, ya sea en lugares públicos o en establecimientos educacionales. Se excluyen intervenciones que consideren infraestructura para movilizaciones (ciclovías, veredas, etc.). Además, se priorizó la extracción de datos de ensayos controlados aleatorizados por sobre estudios observacionales. RESULTADOS Se incluyeron 43 revisiones sistemáticas, de los cuales se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: En población preescolar se observa que: -La provisión de equipamiento o infraestructura para realizar actividad física en establecimientos educacionales no incide sobre el tiempo de recreo destinado a actividad física moderada a vigorosa. -La provisión conjunta de equipamiento para realizar actividad física con otra intervención (educación nutricional) en establecimientos educacionales no incide sobre el IMC. En población escolar se observa que: -Es incierto si la provisión de equipamiento para realizar actividad física en establecimientos educacionales incide sobre el tiempo de recreo destinado a actividad física moderada a vigorosa o los pasos por minutos dados en el recreo. La certeza en la evidencia es muy baja. - La provisión de infraestructura para realizar actividad física en establecimientos educacionales podría incrementar los pasos por minuto durante el recreo. La certeza en la evidencia es baja.

Legado? ou "Largado"?! Análise da manutenção dos equipamentos de lazer esportivo de São José do Rio Pardo/SP após os jogos regionais de 2015 / Bequeathed? or Abandoned?! analysis on the maintenance of the sportive leisure's equipments after the 59th regional games 2015 in São Jose do Rio Pardo-SP

Em 2015, São José do Rio Pardo sediou a 59°edição dos Jogos Regionais com um discurso de legado esportivo para a população do município. Essa pesquisa buscou avaliar o legado deixado a partir da manutenção dos equipamentos públicos de lazer esportivo seis meses após o evento mencionado. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de campo que cruzou dados de análise documental com visitas in loco aos equipamentos. Ocorreram investimentos e melhorias que poderiam sinalizar um legado esportivo efetivo e um incentivo às práticas de lazer. Entretanto, ao visitar os locais, percebe-se que o poder público municipal não desempenhou atividades de manutenção básica. Em alguns casos, como na pista de BMX, acredita-se estar mais próximo do "largado" esportivo devido ao estado de abandono, deterioração e falta de manutenção adequada. Sediar eventos dessa magnitude pode contribuir para o incentivo à prática esportiva, desde que o poder público continue a desenvolver políticas e leis de incentivo voltadas ao setor.

In 2015, São José do Rio Pardo City hosted the 59th Regional Games with a sports legacy address for citizenship. The present research sought to evaluate the legacy left from the maintenance of public sports leisure equipment six months after the event mentioned. This is a qualitative field study that crossed documentary analysis data with on-site visits to the equipment. The investments and improvements made could signal a sporting legacy and an incentive to leisure practices. However, when visiting the sites, it is noticed that the municipal public power did not perform basic maintenance activities. Some places are closer to "sportive abandonment" and deterioration due public neglect. Here we can mention the BMX racing track, for example. To host events of the Regional Games magnitude can contribute to the incentive to sports practice as long as the public power continues to develop policies and incentive rules aimed at the sector.

Kicking Performance in Young U9 to U20 Soccer Players: Assessment of Velocity and Accuracy Simultaneously.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the kicking performance of young soccer players in the U9 to U20 age groups. METHOD: Three hundred and sixty-six Brazilian players were evaluated on an official pitch using three-dimensional kinematics to measure (300 Hz) ball velocity (Vball), foot velocity (Vfoot), Vball/Vfoot ratio, last stride length, and distance between the support foot and the ball. Simultaneously, a two-dimensional procedure was also conducted to compute (60 Hz) the mean radial error, bivariate variable error, and accuracy. Possible age-related differences were assessed through one-way analysis of variance and magnitude-based inferences. RESULTS: Ball velocity increased by 103% (p < .001, η2 = .39) from the U11 age group (48.54 ± 8.31 km/hr) to the U20 age group (98.74 ± 16.35 km/hr). Foot velocity presented a 59% increase (p < .001, η2 = .32) from the U11 age group (49.08 ± 5.16 km/hr) to U20 (78.24 ± 9.49 km/hr). This finding was due to improvement in the quality of foot-ball impact (Vball/Vfoot ratio) from U11 (0.99 ± 0.13 a.u.) to U20 (1.26 ± 0.11 a.u.; p < .001, η2 = .25). Parameters such as mean radial error and accuracy appeared to be impaired during the growth spurt (U13-U15). Last stride length was correlated, low to moderately high, with Vball in all age groups (r = .36-.79). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we concluded that simple biomechanical parameters of kicking performance presented distinct development. These results suggest that different training strategies specific for each age group could be applied. We provide predictive equations to aid coaches in the long-term monitoring process to develop the kick in soccer or search for talented young players.

Influence of hand paddles and fins on blood lactate, heart rate and perceived exertion behavior / Influência do uso de palmares e nadadeiras no comportamento do lactato sanguíneo, da frequência cardíaca e do esforço percebido

Abstract - One of the great challenges for swim coaches is proper control of the training intensity. This issue is more complex when using equipment such as paddles and fins. Among intensity control parameters, blood lactate concentration is the standard for monitoring metabolic responses, and heart rate and perceived effort are practical and inexpensive methods. The aim of this study was to compare blood lactate concentration ([LA]), heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) in swimming training series without equipment and with paddles and fins. We evaluated 11 swimmers on three different days during sessions in a series of 12 repetitions of 50 m in front crawl. The first session was performed without equipment, maintaining perception exertion at 15 (15 points) of the 6-20 point Borg scale. In the second and third sessions, athletes should swim in the series with: (i) paddles and (ii) fins, at the same swimming speed of the series without equipment, in random order. [LA], HR and RPE at rest (after warm-up and before swimming series) and after the sixth and 12th repetitions were measured and compared. The mean speed for all series was 1.30 ± 0.13 m.s-1; fins and paddles presented lower final [LA] (respectively, 5.9 ± 0.3 and 8.1 ± 0.4 mmol.l-1) and HR values (respectively, 161.1 ± 15, 5 161.1 and 170.3 ± 13.3 170.3 bpm) in comparison to series without equipment (respectively, 10.8 ± 0.7 mmol.l-1 and 178.2 ± 4.3 bpm). Fins had lower final RPE values (12.5 ± 0.6 points) in relation to series without equipment (15.8 ± 0.2 points) and similar values in relation to swimming with paddles. Swimming series with equipment produced lower physiological demands in relation to swimming without equipment if performed at the same swimming speed as swimming without equipment.

Resumo Um dos grandes desafios para treinadores de natação é o adequado controle da intensidade de treino. Essa questão é mais complexa quando utilizados equipamentos como palmares e nadadeiras. Dentre os parâmetros de controle de intensidade, a concentração sanguínea de lactato [LA] é padrão para acompanhamento de respostas metabólicas, e a frequência cardíaca (FC) e o esforço percebido (EP) são métodos práticos e baratos. Esse estudo teve como objetivo comparar a concentração sanguínea de lactato, a frequência cardíaca e o esforço percebido em série de treinamento de natação sem equipamentos, com palmares ou com nadadeiras. Foram avaliados 11 nadadores em três diferentes dias durante série de 12 repetições de 50 m nado crawl. A primeira foi realizada sem equipamentos mantendo a percepção relativa ao escore 15 da escala de 6 a 20 pontos de Borg. A segunda e terceira séries os atletas realizavam (i) utilizando palmares e (ii) utilizando nadadeiras, na mesma velocidade de nado da série sem equipamentos, em ordem aleatória. Foram mensuradas e comparadas [LA], FC e EP nos momentos repouso (pós-aquecimento e antes da série), após a sexta e a 12ª repetições. A velocidade média para todas as séries foi de 1,30 ± 0,13 m.s-1; nadadeiras e palmares apresentaram menores valores finais de [LA] (respectivamente, 5,9 ± 0,3 e 8,1 ± 0,4 mmol.l-1) e de FC (respectivamente, 161,1 ± 15,5 e 170,3 ± 13,3 bpm) em relação ao nado sem equipamentos (respectivamente, 10,8 ± 0,7 mmol.l-1 e 178,2 ± 4,3 bpm). O nado com nadadeiras apresentou menores valores finais de EP (12,5 ± 0,6 pontos) em relação ao nado sem equipamentos (15,8 ± 0,2 pontos) e similares valores em relação ao nado com palmares. Séries de natação com equipamentos produzem menores demandas fisiológicas em relação ao nado sem equipamentos se realizadas na mesma velocidade de nado que o nado sem equipamentos.

Mountain Biking Injuries.

With the increasing popularity of mountain biking, also known as off-road cycling, and the riders pushing the sport into extremes, there has been a corresponding increase in injury. Almost two thirds of acute injuries involve the upper extremities, and a similar proportion of overuse injuries affect the lower extremities. Mountain biking appears to be a high-risk sport for severe spine injuries. New trends of injury patterns are observed with popularity of mountain bike trail parks and freeride cycling. Using protective gear, improving technical proficiency, and physical fitness may somewhat decrease the risk of injuries. Simple modifications in bicycle-rider interface areas and with the bicycle (bike fit) also may decrease some overuse injuries. Bike fit provides the clinician with postural correction during the sport. In this review, we also discuss the importance of race-day management strategies and monitoring the injury trends.

Distribución de los escenarios deportivos en la ciudad de Medellín: condiciones de posibilidad para su acceso para la mejora de la cualidad de vida de los ciudadanos / Distribuição de instalações esportivas na cidade de Medellín: condições de possibilidade de contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos / Distribution of sports scenarios in the city of Medellín: conditions of possibility for accessing them in order to improve citizens' life quality

Se presentan los resultados de la aplicación del Índice de desarrollo y acceso deportivo (IDAD), realizado como componente de la investigación Los escenarios deportivos y las Unidades de Vida Articulada (UVA) en la dinámica activa de la ciudad, que buscó establecer la relación entre estos y objetivos sociales. Se trabajó con una perspectiva cuanti-cualitativa, con el IDAD, conversaciones, talleres, formatos y socializaciones. El texto se ocupa del IDAD. La investigación logró evidenciar la importancia de la relación entre acceso y distribución para la equidad, como uno los principales asuntos problemáticos en relación con objetivos de tipo social y contribuyó con propuestas y posibles rutas para el fortalecimiento de la política pública del sector en la ciudad, desde los escenarios deportivos como condición de posibilidad(AU)

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da implementação do Índice de Desenvolvimento e Acesso Desportivo (IDAD), realizados como um componente da investigação "Os recintos esportivos e Unidades de Vida Articulada" (UVA) na dinâmica ativa da cidade, que procura estabelecer a relação entre esses e os fins sociais. Trabalhamos com uma perspectiva quanti-qualitativa com o IDAD, palestras, workshops, formatos e socializações. Este artigo trata do IDAD. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa conseguiu evidenciar a importância da relação para acesso e distribuição como um dos principais problemas relacionados aos objetivos sociais e contribuiu com propostas e possíveis caminhos para fortalecer as políticas públicas do setor na cidade, a partir dos espaços desportivos como condição de possibilidade(AU)

The article presents the results of the application of the Development Index and Sports Access (IDAD) under the study Sports Scenarios and the Articulated Life Unit (UVA) in the city's active dynamics, which sought to establish the relationship between these and social objectives. We worked under a quantitative-qualitative perspective, using the IDAD, conversations, workshops, formats, and socializations. The present text addresses the IDAD. In this context, the research was able to highlight the importance of the relationship between access and distribution for equity as one of the main problems related to social objectives and contributed with proposals and possible routes for strengthening the sector's public policy in the city based on sports scenarios as a condition of possibility(AU)

Swiss ball exercises improve muscle strength and walking performance in ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of a progressive muscle strengthening program using a Swiss ball for AS patients. METHODS: Sixty patients with AS were randomized into the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG). Eight exercises were performed by the IG patients with free weights on a Swiss ball two times per week for 16 weeks. The evaluations were performed by a blinded evaluator at baseline and after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks using the following instruments: the one-repetition maximum test (1 RM), BASMI, BASFI, HAQ-S, SF-36, 6-minute walk test, time up and go test, BASDAI, ASDAS, ESR and CRP dosage and Likert scale. RESULTS: There was a statistical difference between groups for: strength (1 RM capacity) in the following exercises: abdominal, rowing, squat, triceps and reverse fly (p<0.005); 6-minute walk test (p<0.001); timed up and go test (p=0.025) and Likert scale (p<0.001), all of them with better results for the IG. No differences were observed between the groups with respect to the functional capacity evaluation using the BASFI, HAQ-S, BASMI, SF-36, TUG, ASDAS, ESR and CPR dosage. CONCLUSIONS: Progressive muscle strengthening using a Swiss ball is effective for improving muscle strength and walking performance in patients with AS.

Swiss ball exercises improve muscle strength and walking performance in ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized controlled trial / Exercícios na bola suíça melhoram a força muscular e o desempenho na caminhada na espondilite anquilosante: estudo clínico, controlado e randomizado

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of a progressive muscle strengthening program using a Swiss ball for AS patients. Methods: Sixty patients with AS were randomized into the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG). Eight exercises were performed by the IG patients with free weights on a Swiss ball two times per week for 16 weeks. The evaluations were performed by a blinded evaluator at baseline and after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks using the following instruments: the one-repetition maximum test (1 RM), BASMI, BASFI, HAQ-S, SF-36, 6-minute walk test, time up and go test, BASDAI, ASDAS, ESR and CRP dosage and Likert scale. Results: There was a statistical difference between groups for: strength (1 RM capacity) in the following exercises: abdominal, rowing, squat, triceps and reverse fly (p < 0.005); 6-minute walk test (p < 0.001); timed up and go test (p = 0.025) and Likert scale (p < 0.001), all of them with better results for the IG. No differences were observed between the groups with respect to the functional capacity evaluation using the BASFI, HAQ-S, BASMI, SF-36, TUG, ASDAS, ESR and CPR dosage. Conclusions: Progressive muscle strengthening using a Swiss ball is effective for improving muscle strength and walking performance in patients with AS.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um programa de fortalecimento muscular progressivo com o uso de uma bola suíça em pacientes com espondilite anquilosante (EA). Métodos: Sessenta pacientes com EA foram randomizados em grupo intervenção (GI) ou grupo controle (GC). Os pacientes com EA fizeram oito exercícios com pesos livres em uma bola suíça duas vezes por semana durante 16 semanas. As avaliações foram feitas por um avaliador cego no início do estudo e após quatro, oito, 12 e 16 semanas com os seguintes instrumentos: teste de uma repetição máxima (1 RM), Basmi, Basfi, HAQ-S, SF-36, teste de caminhada de seis minutos, Timed up and go test, Basdai, Asdas, dosagem de VHS e PCR e escala de Likert. Resultados: Houve uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em relação à força (capacidade no teste de 1 RM) nos seguintes exercícios: abdominal, remada, agachamento, tríceps e crucifixo invertido (p < 0,005); teste de caminhada de seis minutos (p < 0,001); Timed up and go test (p = 0,025); e escala de Likert (p < 0,001), todos com melhores resultados no GI. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos em relação à avaliação da capacidade funcional com Basfi, HAQ-S, Basmi, SF-36, TUG, Asdas, VHS e dosagem de PCR. Conclusões: O fortalecimento muscular progressivo com uma bola suíça é efetivo em melhorar a força muscular e o desempenho na caminhada em pacientes com EA.

Effect of hand paddles and parachute on backstroke coordination and stroke parameters.

Hand paddles and parachutes have been used in order to overload swimmers, and consequently increase the propulsive force generation in swimming. However, their use may affect not only kinematical parameters (average speed, stroke length and stroke rate), but also time gaps between propulsive phases, assessed through the index of coordination (IdC). The objective of this study was to assess the effects of hand paddles and parachute use, isolated or combined, on kinematical parameters and coordination. Eleven swimmers (backstroke 50-m time: 29.16 ± 1.43 s) performed four 15-m trials in a randomised order at maximal intensity: (1) without implements (FREE), (2) with hand paddles (HPD), (3) with parachute (PCH) and (4) with hand paddles plus parachute (HPD+PCH). All trials were video-recorded (60 Hz) in order to assess average speed, stroke rate, stroke length, five stroke phases and index of coordination. When average swimming speed was compared to FREE, it was lower in PCH and HPD+PCH, and higher in HPD. Stroke rate decreased in all overloaded trials compared to FREE. The use of hand paddles and parachute increased and decreased stroke length, respectively. In addition, propulsive phase duration was increased when hand paddles were used, and time gaps shifted towards zero (no time gap), especially when hand paddles were combined with parachute. It is conceivable that the combined use of hand paddles and parachute, once allowing overloading both propulsive and resistive forces, provides a specific stimulus to improve muscle strength and propulsive continuity.

Bar velocities capable of optimising the muscle power in strength-power exercises.

This study aimed at testing whether there are mean propulsive velocities (MPVs) capable of maximising the mean propulsive power (MPP) during the execution of bench press (BP), bench throw (BT), half squat (HS) and jump squat (JS). Additionally, we assessed the differences in MPP/MPV between ballistic and traditional exercises. Seventeen male rugby sevens players performed MPP tests in BP, BT, HS and JS and maximum isometric force (MIF) tests in HS and BP. The JS presented higher MPP (977.4 ± 156.2 W) than the HS (897.9 ± 157.7 W) (P < 0.05); the BP (743.4 ± 100.1 W) presented higher MPP than the BT (697.8 ± 70.4 W) (P < 0.05). Ballistic exercises presented higher optimum MPV (JS = 1.02 ± 0.07 m·s-1; BT = 1.67 ± 0.15 m·s-1) than traditional exercises (HS = 0.93 ± 0.08 m·s-1; BP = 1.40 ± 0.13 m·s-1) (P < 0.05). The optimum MPP in the JS, BT, HS and BP occurred at 28.2 ± 5.79, 23.3 ± 4.24, 32.4 ± 9.46 and 27.7 ± 5.33% of the MIF, respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) of MPV at optimum MPP ranged from 7.4% to 9.7%, while the CV of %MIF ranged from 18.2% to 29.2%. The MPV is a more precise indicator of the optimum loads than the percentages of MIF due to its low inter-subject variability as expressed by CV. Therefore, MPV can be used to determine the optimum power load in the four investigated exercises.

Ecobike pedalando para o sustentável

Você já se perguntou se precisamos utilizar todo o material plástico em nosso dia-a-dia? Atualmente o descarte inadequado do plástico nos faz pensar se a abundante utilização deste composto em quase tudo o que consumimos é realmente necessária. O Descarte inapropriado deste é responsável por diversos danos à população, afetando consideravelmente a saúde humana e tudo que a envolve, impactando consideravelmente nosso meio ambiente, cujo os custos são difíceis de quantificar devido a dificuldade deste composto em se degradar, e tamanha sua facilidade em poluir. Neste artigo iremos apresentar uma das diversas soluções para o descarte inadequado deste composto. Uma bicicleta com quadro produzido a partir da reutilização de garrafas PET. As garrafas PET antes sem destinação, agora sob a forma de um objeto benéfico ao homem e ao meio onde vive. Será abordado também o cálculo de Valoração Econômica de Recursos Ambientais com base na substituição de uma bicicleta comum para a MuzziCycle, além de demonstrar o quanto significa manter uma frota de bicicletas na cidade de São Paulo em termos de benefícios a partir dos princípios do VERA.(AU)

Have you ever wondered if we need to use all the plastic material in our day-to-day life? Currently the inappropriate disposal of plastic makes us wonder if the abundant use of this compound in almost everything we consume is really necessary. The inappropriate disposal of this is responsible for several damages to the population, considerably affecting human health and all that surrounds it, considerably impacting our environment, whose costs are difficult to quantify due to the difficulty of this compound in degrading, and its ease in to pollute. In this paper we will present one of several solutions for the inappropriate disposal of this compound. A bicycle with frame produced from the reuse of PET bottles. The PET bottles before without destination, now in the form of an object beneficial to the man and the environment where he lives. It will also be approached the calculation of Economic Valuation of Environmental Resources based on the replacement of a common bicycle for MuzziCycle, in addition to demonstrating how much it means to maintain a fleet of bicycles in the city of São Paulo in terms of benefits from the principles of the VERA.(AU)