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1.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 28(1): 18-23, ene.-feb. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1341255

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: El conocimiento del patrón de las estructuras que emergen del arco aórtico es importante para las intervenciones en el cuello y la cabeza. Las variantes anatómicas y el área interna de estos vasos son cruciales para el enfoque de terapias endovasculares más seguras. Objetivo: Mostrar las variantes anatómicas y el área de los vasos que tiene dicha variación. Materiales y métodos: Se seleccionaron cuatrocientos cadáveres frescos, del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Medellín, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 40 años, sin lesiones en el tórax o el cuello, a los cuales se les evaluaron sus arcos aórticos. Todas las variantes se fijaron mediante registro fotográfico y las medidas se tomaron con un calibrador Mitutoyo. Conclusión: Este es el segundo trabajo sobre el tema llevado a cabo en Colombia y el primero en usar cadáveres frescos que se incorporaron en la medida que cumplían los criterios de inclusión.


Abstract Introduction: The knowledge of the pattern of the structures that emerge from the aortic arch is important for neck and head interventions mainly. The presence of anatomical variants and the internal area of these vessels is of great importance for the approach of safer endovascular therapies. Objective: To show the anatomical variants present and the area of the vessels that present such variation. Materials and methods: Four hundred fresh cadavers, aged between 18 and 40 years, without chest or neck injuries, were selected to evaluate their aortic arches, in the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of the city of Medellin, Colombia. All the variants were fixed photographically and the measurements taken with Mitutoyo calibrator. Conclusion: This is the second work on the subject carried out in our country and the first one using fresh cadavers and in a random way.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Necrotério , Aorta Torácica , Variação Anatômica
2.
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica ; 37(2): 297-301, 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32876221

RESUMO

The objective was to describe the characteristics of women's deaths by violence according to autopsies performed at the Callao morgue from 2016 to 2018. The forensic records of 83 women were reviewed and it was found that women's deaths by violence occurred most often in adulthood. Traffic accidents were found to be the most common cause. The most frequent location of the fatal injury was in the head segment. Most of the corpse removal took place on the public road. The district with the most cases was Callao. It is important that the authorities commit to creating, installing and following an action plan to prevent women's deaths by violence in Callao.


El objetivo fue describir las características de la muerte de mujeres por violencia según las necropsias realizadas en la morgue del Callao desde el 2016 al 2018. Se revisaron los registros forenses de 83 mujeres y se encontró que la muerte de mujeres por violencia ocurrió con mayor frecuencia en la etapa adulta, el suceso de tránsito fue el agente causante más implicado, la lesión mortal se ubicó mayormente en el segmento cabeza, se realizaron más levantamientos de cadáveres en la vía pública y el distrito con más casos fue el Callao. Es importante que las autoridades se comprometan a crear, instalar y seguir un plan de acción para prevenir la muerte de mujeres por violencia en el Callao.


Assuntos
Causas de Morte , Violência , Acidentes de Trânsito/mortalidade , Adulto , Autopsia , Causas de Morte/tendências , Feminino , Humanos , Necrotério , Peru/epidemiologia , Violência/estatística & dados numéricos
4.
Guatemala; MSPAS, Departamento de Epidemiología; 2 rev; 19 jun. 2020. 2 p.
Não convencional em Espanhol | LILACS, LIGCSA | ID: biblio-1096331

RESUMO

Brinda los pasos para la realizar las defunciones por COVID-19 con el objetivo de mejorar el registro y notificación de la mortalidad por dicha enfermedad.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pneumonia Viral/mortalidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/mortalidade , Registros , Saúde Pública , Causas de Morte , Necrotério/métodos , Guatemala
5.
Guatemala; MSPAS, Unidad de Gestion de Riesgos; 22 jun 2020. 28 p. graf.
Não convencional em Espanhol | LILACS, LIGCSA | ID: biblio-1096398

RESUMO

Establece los lineamientos a seguir durante en el proceso del manejo de cadáveres infectados con el Coronavirus COVID-19 en todo el territorio nacional. Describe procedimientos para servicios de salud y funerarias, en el trato de los cuerpos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pneumonia Viral/mortalidade , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Cadáver , Infecções por Coronavirus/mortalidade , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Betacoronavirus , Autopsia , Saneamento/métodos , Cemitérios/normas , Necrotério/métodos , Funerárias/normas , Guatemala/epidemiologia
6.
San Salvador; El Salvador. Ministerio de Salud; 3 ed; jun.8,2020. 19 p. ilus, graf.
Não convencional em Espanhol | LILACS, BISSAL | ID: biblio-1102989

RESUMO

Los presentes lineamientos técnicos contienen un desarrollo mejorado de las actividades que el personal de salud y los actores involucrados deben cumplir en el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres en los diferentes escenarios, a fin de proteger la salud de la población en general, y de aquellas personas que trabajan en tal manejo y disposición de cadáveres de forma especial


These technical guidelines contain an improved development of the activities that health personnel and the actors involved must fulfill in the management and final disposal of corpses in the different scenarios, in order to protect the health of the general population, and those people who work in such handling and disposal of corpses in a special way


Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus , Necrotério
7.
Washington; Organización Panamericana de la Salud; abr. 7, 2020. 5 p.
Não convencional em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1096675

RESUMO

Proporcionar recomendaciones sobre la gestión de cadáveres en el contexto del nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19) en las instalaciones de atención de salud. Estas recomendaciones son preliminares y están sujetas a revisión a medida que se disponga de nuevas evidencias.* Consideraciones clave: • En diciembre de 2019 se identificó un nuevo coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) como el agente causal de una enfermedad respiratoria aguda grave (COVID-19) en Wuhan, China. El virus se propagó a diferentes países y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró una pandemia el 11 de marzo de 2020. • Hay todavía algunas incertidumbres en la historia natural de COVID-19, incluyendo fuentes, mecanismos de transmisibilidad, desprendimiento viral y persistencia del virus en el medio ambiente. Se ha documentado la transmisión de persona a persona, con un período de incubación de 2 a 14 días. • La transmisión de enfermedades infecciosas asociadas con el manejo de cadáveres puede ocurrir y puede ser amplificada por el incumplimiento de las precauciones estándar y basadas en mecanismos de transmisión, especialmente en entornos sanitarios.


To provide recommendations on the management of dead bodies in the context of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in healthcare facilities. These recommendations are preliminary and subject to review as new evidence becomes available.* Key considerations: • In December 2019 a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of a severe acute respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. The virus spread to different countries and WHO declare a pandemic on March 11, 2020. • There are still some uncertainties in the natural history of the COVID-19, including source(s), transmissibility mechanisms, viral shedding, and persistency of the virus in the environment. Human-to-human transmission has been documented, with incubation period from 2 to 14 days. • Transmission of infectious diseases associated with management of dead body can occur and can be exacerbated by non-compliance to standard and transmission-based precautions, especially in healthcare settings. Aerosol-generating procedures (AGP)† have a role in the spread of the disease , as well as contaminated hands of healthcare providers, surfaces and fomites. • Assess the risk during the mortuary care process and provide adequate explanation to the family, respecting the cultural context of the local community. If indicated, provide personal protective equipment (PPE) to the family, with instruction in its use.


Assuntos
Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Cadáver , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Necrotério/normas , Betacoronavirus
8.
Guatemala; MSPAS, Unidad de Gestión de Riesgos; 03 abril 2020. 17 p. graf.
Monografia em Espanhol | LIGCSA, LILACS | ID: biblio-1150650

RESUMO

Versión 03 de abril 2020. Establece los lineamientos a seguir durante en el proceso del manejo de cadáveres infectados con el Coronavirus COVID-19 en todo el territorio nacional. Describe procedimientos para servicios de salud y funerarias, en el trato de los cuerpos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pneumonia Viral/mortalidade , Pneumonia Viral/prevenção & controle , Cadáver , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Betacoronavirus , Autopsia , Saneamento/métodos , Infecções por Coronavirus/mortalidade , Cemitérios/normas , Necrotério/métodos , Funerárias/normas , Guatemala/epidemiologia
11.
Burns ; 42(3): 655-62, 2016 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26762620

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiologic aspects of burn victims who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at the Burn Center in the University Hospital of the State University of Londrina (UEL). METHODS: A longitudinal retrospective study was conducted, involving patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Burn Center from January 2010 to December 2012. Demographic and diagnostic data including the diagnosis of the extent and causes of the burns, complications resulting from the burns and the need for specific surgical interventions were collected, together with data for the calculation of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS-28) and Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI). Data were collected at admission and daily until discharge from the burn Intensive Care Unit. Risk factors for death and the prognostic performance of scores to predict mortality were analyzed. The level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-three patients were analyzed in the study; 68.30% were men, with a median age of 38 years (interquartile range: 28-52). The mean total body surface area burned was 26.60±18.05%. Home incidents were the most frequent cause, occurring in 53.90% of the cases. Fire was the most common cause, found in 77.10% of patients. Liquid alcohol was the most common agent and was associated with 51.50% of the cases. The ABSI presented a median of 7, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.890. In multivariate analysis, age (p<0.001), female gender (p=0.02), total body surface area burned (p<0.001), mechanical ventilation (p<0.001) and acute renal failure (p<0.001) were all associated with mortality. ICU mortality was 32.80%, and hospital mortality was 34.10%. CONCLUSION: Burns most often occurred in young adult men in our study. The most common cause was a direct flame. Liquid alcohol was the most frequent accelerating agent. Patients were considered to be severely burned. Most of the samples had a high mean total body surface area burned. The ABSI score showed the best performance in discriminating non-survivors. Hospital mortality rate was high.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/epidemiologia , Queimaduras/epidemiologia , Hospitais Universitários , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Respiração Artificial/estatística & dados numéricos , APACHE , Acidentes Domésticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidentes de Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Álcoois , Superfície Corporal , Brasil/epidemiologia , Queimaduras/mortalidade , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Incêndios/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitalização , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Necrotério , Análise Multivariada , Prognóstico , Curva ROC , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Sexuais , Índices de Gravidade do Trauma , Adulto Jovem
12.
Cambios rev. méd ; Vol. 13(23): 20-24, ene. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1006975

RESUMO

Introducción: el formaldehído es un importante químico con muchos derivados y usos comerciales. Estudios epidemiológicos en poblaciones ocupacionalmente expuestas a formaldehído lo tiende a asociar con un número de efectos biológicos en humanos. Materiales y métodos: para determinar los posibles daños ocasionados en población expuesta, se realizó una evaluación genotóxica en 40 Médicos Legistas y Disectores hombres y mujeres expuestos a formaldehído; un grupo similar de 40 empleados administrativos hombres y mujeres de la misma institución pero no expuestos a formaldehído sirvieron como no expuestos; para determinar la frecuencia de diferentes tipos de aberraciones cromosómicas estructurales y numéricas. Resultados: en el grupo ocupacionalmente expuesto a formaldehído un significativo incremento en la incidencia de: fracturas cromatídicas, fracturas cromosómicas, cromosomas en anillo y poliploídias fue observado. La exposición a formaldehído fue tres veces mayor en el grupo de expuestos a formaldehído. El nivel de exposición a formaldehído más alto fue encontrado cuando los cadáveres eran cerrados, seguidos del embalsamamiento (formolización) de los cuerpos. Conclusión: los resultados demostraron que la exposición a formaldehído induce aberraciones cromosómicas en linfocitos de sangre periférica del personal que labora en las morgues de los Departamentos Médico Legales.


Introduction: formaldehyde is an important chemical with many derivatives and commercial uses. Epidemiological studies of occupational population exposed to formaldehyde prove to be associated to biological effects in humans. Materials and methods: chromosome analyses were carried out in lymphocytes of 40 forensic doctors and dissectors male and female exposed to formaldehyde (FA) for 3 -20 years. A similar group of 40 males and females from the same police Institution but without FA exposure served as a control group with non exposure in order to establish frequency and different types of numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations. The exposed group to formaldehyde showed significantly increased incidence of breaks of the chromatid type, breaks of the chromosomes type, ring chromosomes and polyploidies was observed. Results: total mean exposure time to FA was about 3 times longer than non exposure group. The highest exposures to formaldehyde were encountered when autopsied cases were closed, followed by when autopsies cases were embalmed. Conclusions: the results demonstrate that exposure to formaldehyde induces chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of personnel working in murders of legal medicine departments.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Linfócitos , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Exposição Ocupacional , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Médicos Legistas , Necrotério , Formaldeído , Exposição a Produtos Químicos , Análise Citogenética , Embalsamamento
13.
Guatemala; MSPAS; 2 abr. 2009. 3 p.
Não convencional em Espanhol | LILACS, LIGCSA | ID: biblio-1224172

RESUMO

El documento tiene algunos problemas de nitidez, que dificultan un tanto su lectura y está un poco inclinado a la derecha. Incluye las definiciones de los conceptos relacionados al tema principal, además de la infraestructura que deberá tener cada centro, incluidos el equipo y recurso humano y técnico. Presenta también las características técnicas así como el perfil del personal que las maneja y el equipo de deben contener.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Serviço Hospitalar de Patologia/legislação & jurisprudência , Laboratórios/legislação & jurisprudência , Laboratórios/organização & administração , Patologia/legislação & jurisprudência , Patologia/organização & administração , Serviço Hospitalar de Patologia/organização & administração , Cadáver , Necrotério/legislação & jurisprudência , Necrotério/organização & administração , Guatemala
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