Assuntos
Folclore , Mitógenos , Humanos , Envelhecimento , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular , Proliferação de CélulasRESUMO
Objective: the article investigates the healing practices linked to the religious frameworkin the municipality of Cehegín, focusing on the symbolic analysis of the healing rituals of the "evileye". Methodology: an ethnographic approach was used based on the performance of a participantobservation lasting thirty-three hours and fifteen interviews with healers-shamans. Results: the results show the persistence of a series of ritual procedures linked to the prayer of the "evil eye" thatserve for issues as diverse as the training of healers or the determination of the etiology, diagnosis,symptomatology or remedy of the condition. Conclusions: the set of rituals carried out in the contextof study has as a link the use of liturgical structures that include prayers to Christian deities, andwhere symbolic elements such as the cross, the three, water or oil, serve to load semantic meaningthe ritual healing process.(AU)
Objetivo: el artículo investiga las prácticas de curación ligadas al marco creencial en elmunicipio de Cehegín, centrándose en el análisis simbólico de los rituales de sanación del mal deojo. Metodología: se utilizó un enfoque etnográfico basado en la realización de una observaciónparticipante de treinta y tres horas de duración y quince entrevistas a sanadores-ensalmadores. Resultados: los resultados muestran la persistencia de una serie de procedimientos rituales ligados alrezo del mal de ojo que sirven para cuestiones tan diversas como la capacitación de los sanadoreso la determinación de la etiología, diagnóstico, sintomatología o remedio del padecimiento. Conclusiones: el conjunto de rituales realizados en el contexto de estudio tiene como nexo de unión lautilización de estructuras litúrgicas que incluyen oraciones a deidades cristianas, y donde elementossimbólicos como la cruz, el tres, el agua o el aceite, sirven para cargan de sentido semántico el proceso ritual de curación.(AU)
Objetivo: o artigo investiga as práticas de cura vinculadas ao quadro de crenças no município de Cehegín, com foco na análise simbólica dos rituais de cura do mau-olhado. Metodologia:utilizou-se uma abordagem etnográfica a partir da realização de trinta e três horas de observaçãoparticipante e quinze entrevistas com benzedeiras-salmistas. Resultados: os resultados mostram apersistência de uma série de procedimentos rituais ligados à oração do mau-olhado que servempara questões tão diversas quanto a formação de curandeiros ou a determinação da etiologia, diagnóstico, sintomas ou remédio da doença. Conclusões: O conjunto de rituais realizados no contextode estudo tem como elo o uso de estruturas litúrgicas que incluem orações a divindades cristãs, eonde elementos simbólicos como a cruz, os três, água ou óleo, servem para carregar significadosemântico ao ritual processo de cicatrização
Assuntos
Humanos , Comportamento Ritualístico , Terapias Espirituais , Antropologia Cultural , Medicina Tradicional , Folclore , Espanha , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The spread and urbanization of modern culture have led to a crisis in the development and inheritance of traditional culture, coupled with the limitations of traditional drama itself, and local opera has gradually disappeared from the daily life of the local people. Through the analysis of the tea opera cases and the development environment and inheritance of local operas, the paper tries to solve the inheritance dilemma it faces and provides a new perspective and demonstration for the development and inheritance research of Bobai Jinan tea Opera, which is of great significance to the development and propaganda of traditional Chinese culture.
Assuntos
Drama , Música , Folclore , Humanos , CháRESUMO
Oxidative stress is the key factor that strengthens free radical generation which stimulates lung inflammation. The aim was to explore antioxidant, bronchodilatory along with anti-asthmatic potential of folkloric plants and the aqueous methanolic crude extract of Ipomoea nil (In.Cr) seeds which may demonstrate as more potent, economically affordable, having an improved antioxidant profile and providing evidence as exclusive therapeutic agents in respiratory pharmacology. In vitro antioxidant temperament was executed by DPPH, TFC, TPC and HPLC in addition to enzyme inhibition (cholinesterase) analysis; a bronchodilator assay on rabbit's trachea as well as in vivo OVA-induced allergic asthmatic activity was performed on mice. In vitro analysis of 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) expressed as % inhibition 86.28 ± 0.25 with IC50 17.22 ± 0.56 mol/L, TPC 115.5 ± 1.02 mg GAE/g of dry sample, TFC 50.44 ± 1.06 mg QE/g dry weight of sample, inhibition in cholinesterase levels for acetyl and butyryl with IC50 (0.60 ± 0.67 and 1.5 ± 0.04 mol/L) in comparison with standard 0.06 ± 0.002 and 0.30 ± 0.003, respectively, while HPLC characterization of In.Cr confirmed the existence with identification as well as quantification of various polyphenolics and flavonoids i.e., gallic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and others. However, oral gavage of In.Cr at different doses in rabbits showed a better brochodilation profile as compared to carbachol and K+-induced bronchospasm. More significant (p < 0.01) reduction in OVA-induced allergic hyper-responses i.e., inflammatory cells grade, antibody IgE as well as altered IFN-α in airways were observed at three different doses of In.Cr. It can be concluded that sound mechanistic basis i.e., the existence of antioxidants: various phenolic and flavonoids, calcium antagonist(s) as well as enzymes' inhibition profile, validates folkloric consumptions of this traditionally used plant to treat ailments of respiration.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Ipomoea nil , Animais , Antioxidantes/análise , Colinesterases , Flavonoides/análise , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Flavonoides/uso terapêutico , Folclore , Camundongos , Ovalbumina , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , CoelhosRESUMO
For at least a few centuries, if not millennia, psychological stress has been popularly believed to contribute to heart disease. Does psychological stress really contribute to heart disease? Are anecdotal, patient, and lay press reports that angina, heart attack, and even cardiac death are caused by stress based on fact, or are they just folklore? In this review, the study data supporting associations between stress and cardiovascular risk, as well as potential mechanisms by which psychological stress might contribute to heart disease and precipitate myocardial ischemia and infarction, are critically reviewed and summarized.
Assuntos
Cardiopatias , Isquemia Miocárdica , Angina Pectoris/etiologia , Folclore , Cardiopatias/complicações , Humanos , Isquemia Miocárdica/complicações , Estresse Psicológico/complicaçõesRESUMO
Globally, trans and gender diverse people contend with day-to-day exclusion, discrimination, and marginalisation, often culminating in experiences of poverty and homelessness. In this discussion article, we outline a bricolage research orientation rooted in liberation and Indigenous approaches brought into dialogue with the broader cannon of community psychology for meaningful research with homeless trans and gender diverse people. Such an approach transcends rigid disciplinary divides and shapes a framework for collaborative action, advocacy, and social change. We argue that scholar-activism, social justice, and relationality and collaboration should inform every stage of the research process and beyond when engaging with minoritized communities.
Assuntos
Folclore , Pessoas Mal Alojadas , Pessoas Mal Alojadas/psicologia , Humanos , Pobreza , Justiça Social , Problemas SociaisRESUMO
Addiction research suggests that recovery narratives share common structural elements. For further investigation of this topic, the current study invoked Propp's folktale theory and method to identify narratemes within retrospectives to depict the stages of recovery. Semi-structured interviews were recorded about the experiences of six recovering helpers who had been sober for a minimum of five years and worked as a professional for at least one year. A deductive narrative analysis was carried out. From the 31 Proppian narratemes, 28 were identified and different recovery stories were threaded into a commonly shared narrative strand, where the hero's relationship and struggle with the villain (drug) are depicted in process. Applying Propp's narratemes to analyze recovery stories is a new development that seems applicable according to our results, as it is consistent with fairytale therapy within addiction treatment, which helps the lost wanderer to create structure in their life.
Assuntos
Comportamento Aditivo , Folclore , Humanos , NarraçãoRESUMO
The use of medicines was long considered by Western schools of thought to be a a domain unique to humans; however, folklore/Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) from around the world suggests that animals have also long provided inspiration for the discovery of some medicinal plants used to treat humans and their livestock. Searching for medicinal knowledge from animals depends on the recognition of their ability to select and effectively use medicinal plants to prevent or actively ameliorate disease and other homeostatic imbalances. The interdisciplinary field of animal self-medication is providing scientific evidence for this ability in species across the animal kingdom and lends support to animal-origin medicinal plant folklore and recent ethnomedicinal information. Here, 14 case studies of purported animal-inspired plant medicines used by cultures around the world are presented together with ethnomedicinal and pharmacological evidence. Based on this evidence, the diversity and potential mode of self-medicative behaviors are considered. Over 20 animal species, including llama, sloth and jaguar in South America, reindeer and yak in Eurasia, langur and macaque in Asia, and chimpanzee, wild boar, porcupine and elephant in Africa, are linked to these case studies, representing a variety of potential preventative or therapeutic self-medicative behaviors. These examples provide an important perspective on what is likely to have been a much wider practice in the development of human traditional medicine. A role for animal self-medication research in the rejuvenation of old therapies and possible new discoveries of phytotherapies for human and livestock health is encouraged.
Assuntos
Folclore , Plantas Medicinais , Animais , Medicina Tradicional , FitoterapiaRESUMO
Astraeus hygrometricus extensively been utilized by tribal people for long time. A triterpene, astrakurkurol has been isolated from A. hygrometricus but anticancer effect of this novel triterpene has imperceptibly been investigated. Motive of this research was to scrutinize its underlying apoptotic mechanism in HepG2 cells. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrated a selective effect of astrakurkurol with towering influence in HepG2 than Thle2 cells. The exposure of these triterpene-induced marked apoptotic morphological changes enhanced the rate of cell apoptosis and arrest cell cycle at G0/G1. Furthermore, these results are aided by decline in the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL with an increase in the expression of p53, Bax, Fas, FADD together with the activation of caspase cascade. Astrakurkurol also displayed a remarkable anti-migratory capacity at a lower concentration. Altogether, studies explained anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-migratory efficacy of astrakurkurol on HepG2, composing a gripping challenge in the advancement of novel treatments against hepatocellular carcinoma. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Mushrooms, the minuscule pharmaceutical factory, bear hundreds of novel elements with incredible biological attributes. Triterpenoids from mushrooms has been proven to bear potentials of curing cancer. This study highlights the cytotoxic and anti-migratory effects of novel triterpene in vitro in HepG2 cell, an HCC cell line. Astrakurkurol mediated cell death via both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic signaling. Utilization of astrakurkurol will provide a non-toxic substitute of chemotherapy and also uplift the value of forsaken taxon, Astraeus and boost the rural acceptance.
Assuntos
Agaricales , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Apoptose , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular , Linhagem Celular , Folclore , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to study the effects of the risk communication program through the Cambodian folk song to prevent Opisthorchiasis-linked cholangiocarcinoma (OV-CCA). METHODS: We conducted the quasi-experimental research between August and December 2017 in the Cambodian communities, one-fourth of ethnic minorities residing in multicultural areas of Sisaket Province, Thailand. The samples consisted of 94 equally people divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group included 47 people at-risk of OV-CCA who received the program for 12 weeks, while the control group received regular services. We collected data by using a questionnaire with a reliability of 0.93. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The study indicated that the socioeconomic information of both groups was not different. The mean scores of all issues (health beliefs, social support, and prevention behavior in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group with statistical significance. Closer inspection showed that the mean difference of the health beliefs was 55.61 points (95%CI: 52.39-57.42, p<0.001), social support was 9.09 points (95%CI: 8.12-10.05, p<0.001), and prevention behavior was 6.38 points (95%CI: 5.43-7.33, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Through the Cambodian folk song, the risk communication program by applying the health beliefs and social support to prevent OV-CCA is beneficial for behavior modification in areas with similar cultures.
Assuntos
Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/prevenção & controle , Colangiocarcinoma/prevenção & controle , Comunicação , Folclore , Modelo de Crenças de Saúde , Opistorquíase/complicações , Adulto , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/parasitologia , Camboja/etnologia , Colangiocarcinoma/parasitologia , Intervalos de Confiança , Minorias Étnicas e Raciais , Feminino , Educação em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Musicoterapia , Opistorquíase/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Risco , Apoio Social , Inquéritos e Questionários , Tailândia/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Zanthoxylum ailanthoides is a traditional spice crop in Taiwan with unique smells and tastes that differ between prickly (young) and nonprickly (mature) leaves. Different volatile terpenes between prickly young and nonprickly mature leaves were identified and considered to be one of the sources of their aromas. A transcriptome database was established to explore the biosynthesis of these compounds, and candidate terpene synthase genes were identified. The functions of these synthases were investigated using recombinant protein reactions in both purification and coexpression assays. ZaTPS1, ZaTPS2, and ZaTPS3 are germacrene D synthases, with different amino acid sequences. The main products of ZaTPS4 are trans-α-bergamotene and (E)-ß-farnesene, whereas ZaTPS5 forms multiple products, and ZaTPS6 produces ß-caryophyllene. ZaTPS7 forms monoterpene (E)-ß-ocimene and sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene. Reverse transcription PCR of ZaTPS gene expression in young and mature leaves revealed that ZaTPS1 was responsible for the mellow aroma in mature leaves. The expression of ZaTPS6 suggested that it plays a role in the background aromas of both types of leaves. Our findings deepened the understanding of the volatile compounds of Z. ailanthoides and revealed the source of its unique aromas by clarifying the biosynthesis of these compounds.
Assuntos
Alquil e Aril Transferases , Sesquiterpenos , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis , Zanthoxylum , Alquil e Aril Transferases/genética , Folclore , Odorantes , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Taiwan , Terpenos/análiseRESUMO
In this study, we aimed to develop a simultaneous cognitive-physical dual-task training program based on familiar cultural backgrounds using fairy tales and to explore its feasibility and preliminary effects, including effects on neurophysiological, cognitive, and physical functions. A single-group pretest-posttest design (n = 9) was employed to evaluate the effects of the cognitive-physical intervention performed for 60-90 min once a week for 12 weeks. The findings showed that perceived memory and physical self-efficacy, muscle strength, and cognitive function were significantly increased after the intervention. Although the relative beta band power measured using electroencephalography showed a tendency to increase in eight brain domains after the 12-week intervention, the changes were not significant. Findings suggested that the intervention was feasible and provided beneficial effects on cognitive and physical functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Future research on larger sample sizes using randomized controlled trials is needed to determine the effectiveness of such interventions on neurophysiological functions.
