RESUMO
Background: Sarcina spp. is a Gram-positive, coccoid microorganism that forms tetrads or octets, and is observed with a characteristic "bundle" arrangement. The most recognized species are Sarcina ventriculi and Sarcina maxima. It has been described as part of the normal microbiota in horses and cats, but it has also been linked to abomasal bloat in goats, lambs, and calves, although its causality has not been proven yet. Case Description: This work presents the case of a 3-months-old female horse that died of generalized tympanism. Macroscopic findings showed mild cyanosis and abundant gas in the lumen of the stomach, and small and large bowel. Microscopically, high numbers of Gram-positive microorganisms compatible with Sarcina spp. in the gastric lumen and on the surface of the small and large bowel were observed, along with mild inflammation. Conclusion: The severe tympanism was the only relevant lesion observed and could explain the death of the animal. Although it is not possible to determine a relationship between these lesions and Sarcina spp., it is interesting to highlight that the high amount of these bacteria could be associated with gas production and tympanism. It is important to continue investigating the role of Sarcina spp. in horses, and its possible link with tympanism.
Assuntos
Bactérias , Orelha Média , Sarcina , Animais , Feminino , Cavalos , Ovinos , Carneiro Doméstico , Orelha Média/microbiologia , CianoseRESUMO
Sarcina ventriculi is a gram-positive bacterium, able to survive in extreme low pH environment. It's first description dates from 1842, by John Goodsir. Since then, just a few cases have been reported. In veterinary medicine, especially in ruminants, it causes bloating, vomiting, gastric perforation and death of the animal. It is commonly associated with delayed gastric emptying or obstruction to gastric outlet, although it's pathogenicity in humans is not fully understood. We report two cases with identification of the bacteria in gastric specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining, in different clinical settings. The first patient is a young female patient, presenting cardiac arrest and death after gastric perforation and the second patient an adult male presenting with gastric adenocarcinoma, treated with partial gastrectomy followed by adjuvant chemoradiation. In our literature review, we identified forty-five cases reporting Sarcina ventriculi appearance, with a sudden increase since 2010.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sarcina/patogenicidade , Infecções por Clostridium/patologia , Gastroparesia/complicaçõesRESUMO
Foram preparados extratos de plantas de B. pilosa provenientes de diferentes regiöes as quais mostraram atividade contra S. aureus. Extratos preparados a 80ºC näo apresentaram atividade. Foi testada a atividade antibacteriana do extrato bruto de B. pilosa contra S. aureus, S. lutea e B. subtilis cultivados sob cinco diferentes valores de pH e, para isto, mediu-se o crescimento através da turvaçäo e da atividade catalásica. A S. lutea apresentou a maior sensibilidade. Dos diferentes solventes orgânicos utilizados no fracionamento do extrato bruto, o clorofórmico foi o melhor. Na avaliaçäo da presença de princípio ativo em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento de B. pilosa, a fase cotiledonar apresentou menor concentraçäo do princípio ativo e a fase de flor a maior concentraçäo
Assuntos
Bacillus subtilis/efeitos dos fármacos , Bacillus subtilis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Química Farmacêutica , Temperatura Alta , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Sarcina/efeitos dos fármacos , Sarcina/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Solventes , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Concentrations of erythromycin were measured in serum and tonsil from children who had received either the estolate or ethyl succinate suspension before surgery. The in vitro assay measured total erythromycin activity against a group A beta hemolytic streptococcus. Levels of erythromycin in serum and tonsil after single and multiple doses of the estolate were significantly higher than those after administration of the ethyl succinate. The therapeutic implications of these findings are unknown.