Scrapbooks as Sites of Technology: The Women's Institute and the Material Culture of 1960s Rural England.

Using scrapbooks created by members of the Women's Institute in England in 1965, this article offers a rare insight into women's lived experience and interaction with new technologies and services, in domestic and communal spaces, which show how rural women diligently recorded the new behaviors, emotions, and challenges surrounding rural life. Scrapbookers show multiple and sometimes contradictory attitudes, representing themselves as modern housewives proficient with new consumer durables, while also critiquing the inequalities heralded by new goods and services. Rural women were not simply bystanders to technological change but represented themselves as both consumers and producers of new forms of knowledge, through their use of material culture. Scrapbookers used their creations to archive the emotional labor they performed in their homes and communities, illuminating an important but often overlooked component of consumption.

O mar que habita em mim: estratégias de comunicação sobre o trabalho da pesca artesanal de mulheres das águas / The sea that lives in me: communication strategies about the artisanal fishing work of women from the Waters / El mar que habita en mí: estrategias de comunicación sobre el trabajo pesquero artesanal de las mujeres de las aguas

As pescadoras artesanais do litoral de Pernambuco enfrentam os impactos das indústrias, do derramamento de petróleo e da pandemia de covid-19, conformando uma sindemia que agrava as vulnerabilidades socioe-conômicas, ambientais e sanitárias. Objetivou-se demonstrar que estratégias de comunicação e divulgação científica, como a cartilha "Saúde das mulheres das águas" e o documentário O mar que habita em mim, são importantes por promoverem a democratização do conhecimento. Trata-se de pesquisa-ação do tipo etnográfica para identificar aspectos do trabalho e da vida. Participaram 34 pescadoras, mediante grupos focais, oficina de fluxograma laboral, vivência do trabalho da pesca, análise e produção de estratégias. Esses materiais demonstram a relação saúde doença no trabalho da pesca enfatizando narrativas sobre deter-minação social da saúde. As estratégias comunicativas provocaram interesse da sociedade, promoveram debate e contribuíram para a consciência de profissionais/gestores de saúde sobre os povos das águas e as situações nos territórios.

Artisanal fisherwomen of Pernambuco face the impacts of the industries, of an oil spill and of the covid-19 pandemic, forming a syndemic that aggravates socioeconomic, environmental and health vulnerabilities. The objective was to demonstrate that scientific communication and dissemination strategies, such as the booklet "Saúde das mulheres das águas" and the documentary O mar que habita em mim, promote knowledge. This is an ethnographic type of action research to identify aspects of work and life. A total of 34 artisanal fisherwomen participated, in focus groups, labor flowchart workshop, experience of fishing work, analysis and production of strategies. These materials demonstrate the health disease relationship in fishing work, emphasizing the narratives of the fisherwomen about the social determination of their health. The communicative strategies provoked society's interests, promoted the debate and contributed to the awareness of professionals and health managers about the health of water's people and situations in the territories.

Pescadoras artesanales de pernambucano enfrentan impactos de industrias, derrame de petróleo y la pandemia de covid-19, formando una sindemia que agrava vulnerabilidades socioeconómicas, ambientales y de salud. El objetivo fue demostrar que las estrategias de comunicación y divulgación científica, como el folleto "'Salud das mujeres das aguas" y el documentario El mar que habita en mí, democratizan el conocimiento. Tiene abordaje de investigación-acción, etnográfica, para identificar aspectos del trabajo y la vida. Participaron 34 pescadoras en grupos focales, taller del flujo de trabajo, vivencia del trabajo en la pesca, análisis y elaboración de estrategias. Estos materiales demuestran la relación salud enfermedad en el trabajo pesquero, enfatizando narrativas sobre la determinación social de la salud. Las estrategias comu-nicativas despertaron el interés de la sociedad, promovieron el debate y contribuyeron a la sensibilización de los profesionales/gestores de la salud sobre los pueblos de las aguas y las situaciones de los territorios.

Funções neuropsicológicas de meninas privadas de liberdade em unidade socioeducativa / Neuropsychological functions of girls deprived of liberty in socio-educational unit / Funciones neuropsicológicos de niñas privadas de libertad en unidad socioeducativa

OBJETIVO: A avaliação neuropsicológica tem alta relevância na adolescência e em situação de conflito com a lei, com privação de liberdade em instituições socioeducativas, pode auxiliar, compondo abordagens psicossociais que identifiquem as funções neuropsicológicas, situando-as a partir da historicidade do indivíduo. Deste modo, para compreender esse problema, foi objetivo desse estudo avaliar e descrever as funções neuropsicológicas de adolescentes meninas privadas de liberdade em instituição socioeducativa. MÉTODOS: As participantes foram 19 meninas avaliadas com os instrumentos: Barratt Scale, Inventário de Expressão de Raiva, teste Wisconsin de classificação de cartas, protocolo neuropsicológico, questionário para uso de drogas e Hare Psychopathy Checklist Revised. RESULTADOS: O uso de drogas na vida ocorreu em 80,0% dos casos. Verificaram-se altos escores de impulsividade total (M=75,8, DP=5,4), traço de raiva (M=24,5, DP=7,3) e respostas perseverativas (M =38,5, DP =19,9). Em conjunto com PCL-R total (M=17,5, DP=3,6) e com QI total (M=79,1, DP=16,2), esses níveis auxiliaram na caracterização das funções de autocontrole. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados foram interpretados como indicativos de baixo funcionamento executivo, altos níveis de raiva, de impulsividade, de uso de drogas e de traços de psicopatia. Foram relatadas adversidades durante a infância, o que pode ter contribuído para um desempenho prejudicado nas funções cognitivas e emocionais dessas meninas.

OBJECTIVE: Neuropsychological assessment is highly relevant in adolescence and in situations of conflict with the law, with deprivation of liberty in socio-educational institutions, it can help, composing psychosocial approaches that identify neuropsychological functions, situating them based on the individual's historicity. Therefore, to understand this problem, the objective of this study was to evaluate and describe the neuropsychological functions of adolescent girls deprived of liberty in a socio-educational institution. METHODS: The participants were 19 girls evaluated with the following instruments: Barratt Scale, Anger Expression Inventory, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Neuropsychological protocol, drug use questionnaire and Hare Psychopathy Checklist Revised. RESULTS: Lifetime drug use occurred in 80.0% of cases. There were high scores for total impulsivity (M=75.8, SD=5,4), trait anger (M=24.5, SD=7.3) and perseverative responses (M=38.5, SD=19.9). Together with total PCL-R (M=17.5, SD=3.6) and total IQ (M=79.1, SD=16), these levels helped to characterize self-control functions. CONCLUSIONS: The data were interpreted as indicating low executive functioning, high levels of anger, impulsivity, drug use and psychopathic traits. Adversities were reported during childhood, which may have contributed to impaired performance in the cognitive and emotional functions of these girls.

OBJETIVO: La evaluación neuropsicológica es de gran relevancia en la adolescencia y en las situaciones de conflicto con la ley, con privación de libertad en instituciones socioeducativas, puede ayudar, componiendo enfoques psicosociales que identifiquen funciones neuropsicológicas, las situando en función de la historicidad del individuo. Por tanto, para comprender esta problemática, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar y describir las funciones neuropsicológicas de niñas adolescentes privadas de libertad en una institución socioeducativa. MÉTODOS: Las participantes fueron 19 niñas evaluadas con los siguientes instrumentos: Escala de Barratt, Inventario de Expresión de Ira, Test de clasificación de cartas de Wisconsin, protocolo neuropsicológico, cuestionario de consumo de drogas y Lista de Verificación de Psicopatía de Hare Revisada. RESULTADOS: El consumo de drogas durante la vida ocurrió en el 80,0% de los casos. Hubo puntuaciones altas en impulsividad total (M = 75,8, DE = 5,4), rasgo de ira (M = 24,5, DE = 7,3) y respuestas perseverativas (M = 38,5, DE = 19,9). Junto con el PCL-R total (M=17,5, DE=3,6) y el CI total (M=79,1, DE=16,2), estos niveles ayudaron a caracterizar las funciones de autocontrol. CONCLUSIONES: Se interpretó que los datos indicaban un bajo funcionamiento ejecutivo, altos niveles de ira, impulsividad, consumo de drogas y rasgos psicopáticos. Se informaron adversidades durante la infancia, que pueden haber contribuido al deterioro del desempeño en las funciones cognitivas y emocionales de estas niñas.

Factors associated with the health and reproductive autonomy of Quilombola women in Brazil / Factores asociados a la salud y la autonomía reproductiva de las mujeres quilombolas en Brasil / Fatores associados à saúde e autonomia reprodutiva de mulheres quilombolas no Brasil

Objective.To verify the association between reproductive autonomy and sociodemographic, sexual, and reproductive characteristics in Quilombola women (a term indicating the origin of politically organized concentrations of Afro-descendants who emancipated themselves from slavery).Methods. Cross-sectional and analytical study with 160 women from Quilombola communities in the southwest of Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected using the Reproductive Autonomy Scale and the questionnaire from the National Health Survey (adapted).Results. Out of the 160 participating women, 91.9% declared themselves as black, one out of every three were aged ≤ 23 years, 53.8% were married or had a partner, 38.8% had studied for ≤ 4 years, over half (58.1%) were unemployed, only 32.4% had a monthly income > R$ 430 (80 US dollars), 52.5% had their first menstruation at the age of 12, 70.7% had not accessed family planning services in the last 12 months, and over half used some method to avoid pregnancy (59.0%). The women had a high level of reproductive autonomy, especially in the "Decision-making" and "Freedom from coercion" subscales with a score of 2.53 and 3.40, respectively. A significant association (p<0.05) was found between the "Total reproductive autonomy" score and marital status, indicating that single or unpartnered women had higher autonomy compared to married or partnered women. Conclusion.The association of social determinants of health such as marital status, education, and age impacts women's reproductive choices, implying risks for sexual and reproductive health. The intergenerational reproductive autonomy of Quilombola women is associated with sociodemographic and reproductive factors.

Objetivo. Verificar la asociación entre autonomía reproductiva y características sociodemográficas, sexuales y reproductivas en mujeres quilombolas (término que indica procedencia de concentraciones de afrodescendientes políticamente organizadas que se emanciparon de la esclavitud). Métodos. Estudio transversal y analítico con 160 mujeres de comunidades quilombolas del sudoeste de Bahía, Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando la Escala de Autonomía Reproductiva y el cuestionario de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud (adaptado). Resultados. De las 160 mujeres participantes 91.9% se declararon negras, una de cada tres tenía edad ≤ 23 años, 53.8% estaban casada o tenían pareja, 38.8% había estudiado por ≤ 4 años, más de la mitad (58.1%) no trabajaba, solo 32.4% tenía renta > R$ 430 mensual (87 $US dólares), el 52.5% tuvo la primera menstruación a los 12 años, 70.7% no había acudido a servicios de planificación familiar en los últimos 12 meses y más de la mitad usaba algún método para evitar embarazo (59%). Las mujeres tuvieron un alto nivel de autonomía reproductiva, especialmente en las subescalas "Toma de decisiones" y "Ausencia de coerción" con una puntuación de 2.53 y 3.40, respectivamente. Se encontró asociación significativa (p<0.05) entre la puntuación de "Autonomía reproductiva total" con el estado civil, indicando el análisis que las mujeres solteras o sin pareja tenían mayor autonomía en comparación con las casadas o con pareja. Conclusión. La asociación de determinantes sociales de la salud como el estado civil, la escolaridad y la edad interfieren en las opciones reproductivas de las mujeres, implicando riesgos para la salud sexual y reproductiva. La autonomía reproductiva intergeneracional de las mujeres quilombolas está asociada a factores sociodemográficos y reproductivos.

Objetivo. Verificar a associação entre a autonomia reprodutiva e características sociodemográficas, sexuais e reprodutivas em mulheres quilombolas (termo que indica a origem de concentrações politicamente organizadas de pessoas de ascendência africana que se emanciparam da escravatura). Métodos. Estudo transversal e analítico com 160 mulheres (80 mães e 80 filhas) de comunidades quilombolas no sudoeste baiano, no Brasil. Os dados foram construídos através da aplicação da Escala de Autonomia Reprodutiva e do questionário da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (adaptado). Resultados. das 160 mulheres participantes 91.9% se autodeclararam negra, a maioria com idade ≤ 23 anos (35.6%), 53.8% são casadas ou com companheiro, 38.8% com estudos ≤ 4 anos, mais da metade (58.1%) não trabalham, apenas 32.4% têm renda > R$ 430, a maioria teve a primeira menstruação até os 12 anos de idade (52.5%), não participou de grupo de planejamento familiar nos últimos 12 meses (70.7%), mais da metade utilizava método para evitar a gravidez (59%). Apresentaram elevada autonomia reprodutiva, com destaque para as subescalas "Tomada de decisão" e "Ausência de coerção" medindo 2.53 e 3.40, respectivamente. Encontrou-se associação significativa (p<0.05) entre o escore de "Autonomia reprodutiva total" e estado conjugal, com a análise indicando que mulheres solteiras ou sem companheiro apresentaram maior autonomia, comparadas às mulheres casadas ou com companheiro. Conclusão. A associação dos determinantes sociais de saúde como estado civil, menarca, escolaridade e idade interferem nas escolhas reprodutivas das mulheres, implicando em riscos à saúde sexual e reprodutiva. A autonomia reprodutiva intergeracional das mulheres quilombolas está associada a fatores sociodemográficos e reprodutivos.

Grupo centrado: experiência com mulheres na vivência do ciclo gravídico puerperal / Centered group: a study with women experiencing pregnancy-puerperal cycle / Grupo focal: experiencia con mujeres en la vivencia del ciclo de embarazo puerperal

OBJETIVO: Compreender experiência de grupo orientado pela Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa (ACP) com mulheres que vivenciam o ciclo gravídico puerperal, no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). MÉTODO: Pesquisa qualitativa, de inspiração fenomenológica, e utilização do referencial da ACP como norteador do estudo. As informações foram coletadas por meio de grupo, em quatro encontros presenciais nos meses de maio e junho de 2022, utilizando-se dos instrumentos Versão de Sentido (VS's) e Entrevista Fenomenológica (EF), sendo as informações organizadas em Eixos de Sentido e compreendidas a partir das premissas da ACP em diálogo com estudos vinculados às temáticas emergidas. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Os Eixos elaborados a partir das VS's evidenciaram aspectos e tendências típicas do desenvolvimento de grupo fundamentado pela ACP; descreveram o grupo como espaço de acolhimento e liberdade experiencial, no qual se facilitou a expressão de vivências significativas relacionadas à gestação, parto e puerpério; apresentaram, ainda, o sentido de que a experiência grupal constituiu-se como promotora de trocas e apoio mútuo, de desenvolvimento e aprendizagens significativas. Os Eixos formulados com base na EF revelaram que as mulheres compreenderam a participação no grupo como uma experiência positiva, que propiciou cuidado aos aspectos emocionais, impulsionando autoconhecimento e desenvolvimento; e facilitadora de mudanças construtivas na vivência da maternidade. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo demonstrou a viabilidade de grupo centrado na assistência integral à saúde da mulher no período gravídico puerperal, e as convergências entre os princípios da ACP e os que orientam a prática na assistência do SUS.

OBJECTIVE: Understanding the group guided by the Person-Centered Approach (PCA) with women who experience the pregnancypuerperal cycle, in the Sistema Único de Saúde ­ SUS (Brazilian National Health System) context. METHOD: Qualitative research of phenomenological inspiration using the PCA framework as a guide for the study. Information was collected through groups, in four face-to-face meetings between May and June 2022, using the Sense's Version (SV's) and Phenomenological Interview (PI), with the information organized in Sense Axes and understood from the premises of the PCA in dialogue with studies linked to emerging themes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The Axes created from the SV's showed aspects and tendencies which are typical of the development of a group based on the PCA; described the group as a welcoming space and experiential freedom, in which the expression of significant experiences related to pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium was facilitated; they also presented, the sense that the group experience was constituted as a promoter of exchanges and mutual support, of development and significant learning. The Axes formulated based on the PI, revealed that the women understood participation in the group as a positive experience, which provided care for emotional aspects, boosting self-knowledge and development; and a facilitator of constructive changes in the experience of motherhood. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated the viability of a group centered on comprehensive care for women's health in the pregnancy-puerperal period between the PCA principles and those that guide the SUS care practice.

OBJETIVO: Comprender la experiencia de grupo orientado por el Enfoque Centrado en la Persona (ACP) con mujeres que vivenciaron el ciclo de embarazo puerperal, en el contexto del Sistema Único de Saúde ­ SUS (Sistema Único de Salud). MÉTODO: Pesquisa cualitativa de inspiración fenomenológica e utilización del referencial de la ACP como guía de estudio. Las informaciones fueron colectadas por medio de un grupo, en cuatro encuentros presenciales en los meses de mayo y junio del 2022, utilizando-se de los instrumentos Versiones del Sentido (VS's) e Entrevista Fenomenológica (EF), siendo las informaciones organizadas en Ejes del Sentido y comprendidas a partir de las premisas de la ACP en dialogo con estudios vinculados a las temáticas emergidas. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIONES: Los Ejes elaborados a partir de las VS's evidenciaron aspectos y tendencias típicas del desarrollo del grupo fundamentado por la ACP, describieron el grupo como espacio de acogimiento y libertad experimental en lo cual se facilitó expresar las vivencias significativas relacionadas a la gestación, el parto y el puerperio, presentaron todavía, el sentido de que la experiencia grupal e constituyó como promotora de cambios y apoyos mutuos, de desarrollo y aprendizajes significativos. Los Ejes formulados con base en la EF, revelaron que las mujeres comprendieron la participación en el grupo como una experiencia positiva que les proporcionó cuidados a los aspectos emocionales aumentando el autoconocimiento y desarrollo; y facilitadora de cambios constructivos en la vivencia de la maternidad. CONCLUSIÓN: El estudio demostró la viabilidad del grupo enfocado en la asistencia integral a la salud de la mujer en el período del embarazo puerperal, y las convergencias entre los principios de la ACP y los que orientan la practica en la asistencia del SUS.

Experiência de retorno ao trabalho de mulheres que tiveram aborto espontâneo / Return to work experience of women who had gestational loss / Experiencia de regreso al trabajo de mujeres que tuvieron un aborto espontáneo

INTRODUÇÃO: O aborto espontâneo pode acarretar impactos psicossociais prolongados para a mulher. A presença de uma rede de apoio, inclusive no ambiente de trabalho, é essencial para o luto saudável, uma vez que o retorno às atividades laborais após o aborto é um evento significativo. OBJETIVO: Compreender a experiência de retorno ao trabalho de mulheres que tiveram aborto espontâneo. MÉTODO: Realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com três mulheres, maiores de 18 anos, residentes no Litoral Norte de estado da região Sul do Brasil, que se encontravam regularmente empregadas durante e após a gestação e que tiveram aborto espontâneo nos últimos 2 anos. Como instrumento para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada e os dados coletados foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram que o contexto laboral carece de preparo para receber a mulher enlutada, seja enquanto recursos organizacionais como pessoais. CONCLUSÃO: Destaca-se a importância da implementação, nas organizações, de ações que promovam o acolhimento da mulher após o aborto espontâneo.

| INTRODUCTION: Gestational loss can lead to prolonged psychosocial impacts for the woman. The presence of a support network, including in the workplace, is essential for healthy grieving, since returning to work after a miscarriage is a significant event. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand the experience of returning to work of women who had a pregnancy loss. METHOD: A qualitative research was conducted with three women, over 18 years old, residents on the North Coast of a state in the Southern region of Brazil, who were regularly employed during and after pregnancy and who had a miscarriage in the last 2 years. As an instrument for data collection, a semi-structured interview was employed, and the data collected was analyzed by content analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that the labor context lacks preparation to receive the bereaved woman, both as organizational and personal resources. CONCLUSION: It is worth highlighting the importance of implementing, in organizations, actions that promote the support of women after gestational loss.

| INTRODUCCIÓN: El aborto espontáneo puede tener impactos psicosociales prolongados en las mujeres. La presencia de una red de apoyo, incluso en el lugar de trabajo, es fundamental para un duelo saludable, ya que el retorno a las actividades laborales después de un aborto es un evento significativo. OBJETIVO: Comprender la experiencia de retorno al trabajo de mujeres que han sufrido un aborto espontáneo. MÉTODO: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con 3 mujeres, mayores de 18 años, residentes en la costa norte de un estado de la región sur de Brasil, que trabajaban regularmente durante y después del embarazo y que habían experimentado un aborto espontáneo en los últimos 2 años. Como instrumento para la recolección de datos se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada y los datos recolectados fueron analizados mediante análisis de contenido. RESULTADOS: Los resultados demostraron que el contexto laboral carece de preparación para recibir a la mujer en duelo, ya sea como recursos organizacionales o personales. CONCLUSIÓN: Se destaca la importancia de implementar, en las organizaciones, acciones que promuevan la acogida de las mujeres después de un aborto espontáneo.

Creation of a sustainable longitudinal women in Leadership Development (WILD) curriculum focused on graduate medical education trainees.

BACKGROUND: Although women comprise the majority of medical students, gender disparities emerge early and remain at the highest levels of academia. Most leadership courses focus on faculty or students rather than women graduate medical education (GME) trainees. AIM: To promote the leadership development of women GME trainees through empowerment, community building, networking and mentorship, and concrete leadership skills development. SETTING: University of California, San Francisco. PARTICIPANTS: 359 women residents and fellows from 41 specialties. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION: A longitudinal curriculum of monthly workshops designed to support leadership development for women trainees. Sessions and learning objectives were designed via needs assessments and literature review. PROGRAM EVALUATION: A mixed-methods evaluation was performed for 3 years of WILD programming. Quantitative surveys assessed participant satisfaction and fulfillment of learning objectives. Structured interview questions were asked in focus groups and analyzed qualitatively. DISCUSSION: 23% of invited participants attended at least one session from 2018 to 2021, despite challenging trainee schedules. Surveys demonstrated acceptability and satisfaction of all sessions, and learning objectives were met at 100% of matched sessions. Focus groups highlighted positive impact in domains of community-building, leadership skills, mentorship, and empowerment. This program has demonstrated WILD's longitudinal sustainability and impact for women trainees.

"A rua é nóis": sobre a saudade da partilha do comum / "We are the streetz": about missing the sharing of common things / "La calle somos nosotros": sobre echar de menos una vida compartida

Com base em uma experiência de atendimento psicológico on-line a mulheres negras quilombolas, no contexto da pandemia, pretendemos: 1) refletir sobre casa e rua na realidade da população negra, guiados pelas noções de "forma social escravista" e de "reterritorialização", ambas de Muniz Sodré, destacando, do interior dessas reflexões e a partir das elaborações teóricas de Carl Gustav Jung (no campo da psicologia analítica), e de Achille Mbembe e Muniz Sodré (no campo das relações étnico-raciais), dois conceitos em construção para a compreensão do sofrimento sociorracial: trauma racial e sombra branca; 2) refletir sobre o lugar da "partilha do comum" no cuidado à saúde mental da população negra de zonas rurais e urbanas. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, trabalhamos ao modo de uma comunicação rapsódica, no sentido grego da palavra (raptein = coser): costurando história de caso e proposições conceituais.

Based on an online psychological care experience for black quilombola women in the context of the pandemic, we intend to: 1) reflect upon home and street in the reality of the black population, guided by the notions of "slavery social form" and "re-territorialization", both by Muniz Sodré, highlighting, from within these reflections and from the theoretical elaborations of Carl Gustav Jung (in the field of analytical psychology), and of Achille Mbembe and Muniz Sodré (in the field of ethnic-racial relations), two concepts under construction to understand socio-racial suffering: racial trauma and white shadow; 2) reflect on the place of "sharing of common things" in mental health care for the black population in rural and urban areas. From a theoretical-methodological point of view, we worked in the form of a rhapsodic communication, in the Greek sense of the word (raptein = to sew): weaving together case histories and conceptual propositions.

Con base en una experiencia de atención psicológica en línea con mujeres negras quilombolas en la pandemia, pretendemos: 1) reflexionar sobre hogar y calle en la realidad de la población negra, guiándonos por nociones de "forma social esclavista" y "reterritorialización", de Muniz Sodré, destacando, en de esas reflexiones y a partir de las elaboraciones teóricas de Carl Gustav Jung (en el campo de la psicología analítica), y de Achille Mbembe y Muniz Sodré (en el campo de las relaciones étnico-raciales), conceptos en construcción para comprender el sufrimiento socio-racial: trauma racial y sombra blanca; 2) reflexionar sobre el lugar de "vida compartida" en el cuidado de la salud mental de la población negra de zonas rurales y urbanas. Desde el punto de vista teórico-metodológico, trabajamos sobre la base de una comunicación rapsódica, en el sentido griego de la palabra (raptein = coser): tejiendo el relato del caso y proposiciones conceptuales.

What is 'physiological birth'? A scoping review of the perspectives of women and care providers.

PROBLEM: Physiological birth was defined by the World Health Organization in 1997, however, clinical practices in childbirth have changed considerably since this time. BACKGROUND: Ambiguous terms in healthcare such as 'physiological birth' may cause confusion amongst care providers and consumers. AIM: To identify what is known about physiological birth, and how perceptions of physiological birth manifest in current literature. METHODS: This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Four databases were searched using keywords relating to physiological birth. Relevant studies were identified using agreed criteria, and data were extracted and synthesised. RESULTS: A total of 24 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. Three connected factors were identified: (1) Physiological birth in a risk-averse system, (2) Dominant voices in birth, and (3) Lack of exposure to physiological birth. No unified universal definition of physiological birth was identified in the literature. DISCUSSION: 'Physiological birth' as a term lacks consistency. A risk-averse healthcare system could be a barrier to physiological birth. Dominant voices in the birthing space can dictate the way birth occurs. Lack of exposure to physiological birth may diminish the acquisition and maintenance of important skills and knowledge among care providers. Recognising the factors important to women could lead to a positive birth experience. CONCLUSION: Excluding a woman's subjective experience from health professionals' understanding of physiological birth increases the likelihood of risk management being the paramount objective in clinical decision-making. We propose it is timely to align clinical understanding of physiological birth with midwifery's woman-centred professional philosophy.

Aleitamento materno e o processo de adaptação no contexto familiar: abordagem qualitativa / Breastfeeding and the adjustment process in the family context: a qualitative approach

OBJETIVO: Compreender a adaptação das mulheres ao processo de amamentação e o apoio familiar e dos serviços de saúde. MÉTODO: Estudo qualitativo fundamentado no referencial metodológico da Etnoenfermagem, conforme a Teoria de Enfermagem Transcultural de Leininger. Foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. RESULTADOS: Evidenciaram-se três categorias temáticas: "Enfrentando algo inesperado, mutável e desafiador"; "Convivendo com dúvidas, incertezas e desorientação" e "Identificando fontes de apoio para a manutenção da amamentação". CONCLUSÃO: O processo de adaptação do aleitamento materno é permeado por dúvidas, incertezas e desafios. As mulheres apoiam-se em suas experiências prévias e na cultura familiar e sofrem influência direta destas. O papel da atenção básica é essencial nesse contexto.

OBJECTIVE: To understand women's adaptation to the breastfeeding process and the support provided by family and health services. METHOD: A qualitative study based on the methodological framework of Ethnonursing, following Leininger's Transcultural Nursing Theory. A semi-structured interview guide was used. RESULTS: Three thematic categories were identified: "Facing something unexpected, changing, and challenging"; "Dealing with doubts, uncertainties, and disorientation"; and "Identifying sources of support for breastfeeding maintenance". CONCLUSION: The breastfeeding adjustment process has doubts, uncertainties, and challenges. Women rely on and are directly influenced by their past experiences and family culture. The role of primary health care is crucial in this context.

Strategies for enhancing the representation of women in clinical trials: an evidence map.

BACKGROUND: Equitable sex- and gender-based representation in clinical trials is an essential step to ensuring evidence-based care for women. While multi-institutional actions have led to significant improvements in the inclusion of women in trials, inequity persists in areas like sex-neutral cancers and cardiovascular disease. We sought to identify strategies described or evaluated to boost the inclusion of women in clinical trials. METHODS: We used evidence mapping methodology to examine the breadth of relevant literature. We developed an a priori protocol and followed reporting guidance from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis where applicable. We searched MEDLINE® (via PubMed) and EMBASE (via Elsevier) databases from inception through April 4, 2023, and used standardized procedures incorporating duplication and data verification. We included articles that described strategies to improve the recruitment and retention of women in clinical trials. RESULTS: We identified 122 articles describing recruitment and retention strategies for 136 trials (377,595 women). Only one article distinguished between the sex and gender identity of participants, and none defined their use of the terms such as "women" or "female". The majority of articles (95%) described recruitment for only women, and 64% were conducted in the USA. Ninety-two articles (75%) described strategies in the context of sex-specific conditions (e.g., gynecologic diagnosis). The majority of included articles evaluated a behavioral intervention (52%), with 23% evaluating pharmacologic interventions and 4% invasive interventions. The most common trial phase for reported strategies was during outreach to potential participants (116 articles), followed by intervention delivery (76), enrollment (40), outcomes assessment (21), analysis and interpretation (3), and dissemination (4). We describe specific types of strategies within each of these phases. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the existing literature describing strategies to improve the inclusion of women draws from trials for sex-specific conditions and is largely related to outreach to potential participants. There is little information about how and if studies have attempted to proportionally increase the inclusion of women in trials with both men and women or those focused on invasive and pharmacologic interventions. Future work in this area should focus on how to increase the participation of women in mixed-sex studies and on those areas with remaining inequities in trial participation.

Concepções e vivências da sexualidade e seus efeitos nas vidas de mulheres idosas / Conceptions and experiences of sexuality and the efects on the lives of elderly women / Concepciones y vivencias de la sexualidade y sus efectos em la vida de las mujeres mayores

Objetivo: desvelar os conceitos e percepções da sexualidade de mulheres idosas e os impactos em suas vidas. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo exploratório-descritivo, com onze entrevistadas, mulheres entre 60 e 80 anos de idade, usuárias de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, localizada no noroeste do Paraná. Resultados: observou-se que as mulheres idosas, em sua maioria, relacionam a sexualidade ao ato sexual e, consequentemente, depende de seu parceiro e percebem o ato como algo exclusivo do casamento e que depende do marido para acontecer. Conclusão: conclui-se que a sexualidade, apesar do conceito ter relação direta com o ato sexual, podem produzir influência em sua autoestima, na dinâmica familiar e busca pela assistência de saúde.

Objective: to reveal the concepts and perceptions of elderly women's sexuality and the impacts on their lives. Method: this is an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study, with eleven interviewees, women between 60 and 80 years of age, users of a Basic Health Unit, located in the northwest of Paraná. Results: it was observed that the majority of elderly women relate sexuality to the sexual act and, consequently, depend on their partner and perceive the act as something exclusive to marriage and that it depends on the husband to happen. Conclusion: It is concluded that sexuality, despite the concept having a direct relationship with the sexual act, can influence self-esteem, family dynamics and the search for health care.

Objetivos: revelar los conceptos y percepciones sobre la sexualidad de las mujeres mayores y los impactos en sus vidas. Método: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio-descriptivo, con once entrevistadas, mujeres entre 60 y 80 años, usuarias de una Unidad Básica de Salud, ubicada en el noroeste de Paraná. Resultados: se observó que la mayoría de las mujeres mayores relacionan la sexualidad con el acto sexual y, en consecuencia, dependen de su pareja y perciben el acto como algo exclusivo del matrimonio y que depende del marido para realizarse. Conclusión: se concluye que la sexualidad, apesar de que el concepto tiene relación directa con el acto sexual, puede influir en la autoestima, la dinámica familiar y la búsqueda de atención de salud.

O efeito de 12 semanas de aulas de ballet sobre a potência de bailarinas amadoras / The effect of 12 weeks of ballet classes on the power of amateur dancers

RESUMO Os grandes saltos são passos que exigem potência muscular e coordenação motora. Visto que há uma escassez na literatura sobre o aprendizado e treinamento destes passos, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o efeito de doze semanas de aulas de ballet clássico com o exercício de grand allegro sobre a potência de membros inferiores em bailarinas amadoras. Participaram sete bailarinas, com 11,33±1,02 anos de idade, que cursavam o Grade 3 da Royal Academy of Dance. Foram realizados cálculos de Pico de Velocidade de Crescimento, testes de salto vertical e avaliação técnica do grand allegro em quatro momentos durante doze semanas. Os planos de aula, Percepção Subjetiva de Esforço e Qualidade Total de Recuperação de cada aula foram analisadas. Os principais resultados apontam bailarinas pré-púberes, cuja potência muscular e técnica do exercício de grand allegro apresentaram melhora (p<0,05). A carga semanal e quantidade de saltos e de exercícios executados variaram durante o período, enquanto que a Qualidade Total de Recuperação se mostrou estável. Os dados obtidos apontam para as variações da carga de trabalho nas aulas de ballet somadas à fase sensível do desenvolvimento e coordenação motora como os responsáveis pela evolução na potência muscular e na qualidade técnica.

ABSTRACT The big jumps are steps that require muscular power and motor coordination. Since there is a lack in the literature on the learning and training of these steps, the aim of this study was to verify the effect of 12 weeks of classical ballet classes with the grand allegro exercise on lower limb power in amateur ballerinas. Seven dancers, aged 11.33±1.02 years, who were studying Grade 3 of Royal Academy of Dance, participated Height Growth Speed Peak calculations, vertical jump tests, and technical evaluation of the grand allegro exercise were performed at four moments over the 12-week study period. Lesson plans, the Rating of Perceived Exertion, and the Total Recovery Quality for each class were collected to analyze load and recovery. The main results indicate that the dancers were prepubertal and lower limb muscular power and the technique of the grand allegro exercise improved (p<0.05). Weekly load and the quantity of jumps and exercises performed varied during the period, while Total Recovery Quality remained stable. The obtained data point to variations in the workload during ballet classes, combined with the sensitive phase of development and motor coordination, as responsible for the improvement in muscular power and technical quality.

Phylogenetic diversity and susceptibility of Candida species from women using contraceptive devices in northcentral Nigeria

Background: The use of contraceptive devices predisposes women to vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) globally. Despite the high incidence of VVC and antifungal resistance to azoles, the genetic diversity and resistance pattern among contraceptive users in Nigeria is poorly investigated. This study therefore sought to characterize and determine the phylogenetic breadth of Candida species as well as their resistance to antifungal agents. Methodology: This study recruited 1,600 women using contraceptive devices who visited selected gynaecology and obstetrics clinics in northcentral Nigeria. Candida species were isolated and characterized using conventional methods and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was used to characterize the diversity of Candida species and primer-specific PCR was used to detect the presence of resistant genes. Agar well diffusion technique was used for the determination of antifungal susceptibility profiles. Data analysis was done by Kruskal-Wallis Chi-square test on R Console software version 3.2.2, followed by post-hoc Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni correction for multiple pairwise comparisons of means where there was a significant difference between the antifungal agents. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 710 (44.3%) out of the 1,600 women using contraceptive devices had VVC with five species of Candida identified in them. Although Candida albicans was the predominant (43.2%, n=307) species, other non-albicans Candida species include Candida (Nakaseomyces) glabrata (19.0%, n=135), Candida tropicalis (15.8%, n=112), Candida parapsilosis (8.9%, n=63), and Candida akabanensis (13.1%, n=93) which were phenotypically identified as Candida (Nakaseomyces) glabrata. All the Candida species showed varying degrees of susceptibilities to voriconazole, fluconazole and nystatin. However, resistance of C. albicans to fluconazole was 29.0%, C. tropicalis to nystatin (46.0%) and to voriconazole (14.0%), while C. akabanensis was 100.0% resistant to voriconazole and fluconazole. Kruskal-Wallis Chi-square test showed nystatin as the most effective antifungal agent against the Candida species (χ2=786.03, df=2, p<0.001). Also, resistant gene Erg11 was identified in all the Candida species that were phenotypically resistant to the antifungal agents tested. Conclusion: Women using contraceptive devices in northcentral Nigeria harbor phylogenetically diverse Candida species including C. akabanensis, an uncommon cause of VVC. Of these Candida species, C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. akabanensis were notable for multidrug drug resistance as well as harboring Erg11 resistance gene.