Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Evidence Gap Map: 2018 update

ABSTRACT

The evidence map facilitates access to the best available evidence on the effectiveness of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) promotion for households, communities, school and health facilities in low- and middle-income countries. It also highlights where there are gaps in the evidence base. The map includes 320 completed and 47 ongoing impact evaluations, as well as 42 completed systematic reviews and 1 protocol. The 2018 update is based on a comprehensive search for published and unpublished studies and is current up to April 2018. The present map updates the searches for the 3ie map published in 2014, and also updates the scope to incorporate WASH promotional mechanisms and technologies, as well as to include behavioural outcomes systematically and WASH in health facilities. The Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) provided funding for the 2018 update. The 2014 map was funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) with technical support from the World Bank's Independent Evaluation Group. The map was prepared by Hugh Waddington (3ie), Hannah Chirgwin (3ie), Duae Zehra (3ie consultant), and Sandy Cairncross (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine), with additional coding by Raj Popat (3ie consultant), Miriam Berretta (University of East Anglia, UEA), Hastings Chipungu (UEA), and Abubeker Tadesse (UEA). Yashaswini PrasannaKumar (3ie consultant) contributed substantially to the 2014 map.