Subthalamic Nucleus: Neuroanatomical Review
Arq. bras. neurocir
; 39(4): 284-288, 15/12/2020.
Artigo
em Inglês
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1362329
Biblioteca responsável:
BR1.1
ABSTRACT
Discovered in 1865 by Jules Bernard Luys, the subthalamic nucleus is a set of small nuclei located in the diencephalon, inferior to the thalamus and superior to the substantia nigra, that can be visualized in a posterior coronal section. Histologically, it consists of neurons compactly distributed and filled with a large number of blood vessels and sparse myelinated fibers. This review presents an analysis of this anatomical region, considering what is most recent in the literature. Subthalamic neurons are excitatory and use glutamate as the neurotransmitter. In healthy individuals, these neurons are inhibited by nerve cells located in the side globus pallidus. However, if the fibers that make up the afferent circuit are damaged, the neurons become highly excitable, thus causing motor disturbances that can be classified as hyperkinetic, for example ballism and chorea, or hypokinetic, for example Parkinson disease (PD). The advent of deep brain stimulation has given the subthalamic nucleus great visibility. Studies reveal that the stimulation of this nucleus improves themotor symptoms of PD.
Texto completo:
Disponível
Coleções:
Bases de dados internacionais
Base de dados:
LILACS
Assunto principal:
Núcleo Subtalâmico
Idioma:
Inglês
Revista:
Arq. bras. neurocir
Assunto da revista:
Cirurgia
/
Neurocirurgia
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
País de afiliação:
Brasil
Instituição/País de afiliação:
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Vila da Serra/BR
/
Discipline of Anatomy, Faculdades Unidas do Norte de Minas (FUNORTE)/BR