Disección Aórtica Tipo A como diagnóstico diferencial potencialmente letal de dolor torácico: revisión de casos / Type A Aortic Dissection as a potentially lethal differential diagnosis of chest pain: case Review

ABSTRACT

Chest pain (CP) is a frequent reason for consultation in emergency departments (ED). It responds to a broad spectrum of pathologies, ranging from banal causes to severe conditions with high mortality. The clinician must be able to distinguish prompt when CP is due to severe pathology and thus make a timely intervention for the patient's benefit. Acute Aortic Syndrome (AAS) is one of the potentially fatal causes of CP. Within this syndrome, we find aortic dissection (AD), intramural hematoma and atherosclerotic penetrating ulcer. AD is the most frequent presentation of AAS. Although it is not a common condition, its high lethality and low suspicion make it of particular interest as a differential diagnosis of CP. The following are two clinical cases of AD of the ascending aortic treated at the Hospital Regional de Talca (HRT) to analyse the clinical characteristics that help to differentiate this condition, the main electrocardiographic and imaging findings, as well as some of its complications and management.