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Los contaminantes atmosféricos urbanos son factores de riesgo significativos para el asma y la neumonía en niños: influencia del lugar de medición de los contaminantes / Urban Air Pollutants are Significant Risk Factors for Asthma and Pneumonia in Children: The Influence of Location on the Measurement of Pollutants
Elisabete Vieira, Sandra; Tetelbom Stein, Renato; Archanjo Ferraro, Alexandre; Duzolina Pastro, Luciana; Silva Cosme Pedro, Sibelli; Lemos, Miriam; Rodrigues da Silva, Emerson; Sly, Peter David; Saldiva, Paulo Hilario.
Afiliação
  • Elisabete Vieira, Sandra; Universidade de São Paulo. School of Medicine. Department of Pediatrics. São Paulo. Brasil
  • Tetelbom Stein, Renato; Pontifícia Universidade Católica RGS. School of Medicine. Department of Pediatrics. Porto Alegre. Brasil
  • Archanjo Ferraro, Alexandre; Universidade de São Paulo. School of Medicine. Department of Pediatrics. São Paulo. Brasil
  • Duzolina Pastro, Luciana; Universidade de São Paulo. School of Medicine. Department of Surgery. São Paulo. Brasil
  • Silva Cosme Pedro, Sibelli; Universidade de São Paulo. School of Medicine. Department of Surgery. São Paulo. Brasil
  • Lemos, Miriam; Universidade de São Paulo. School of Medicine. Department of Surgery. São Paulo. Brasil
  • Rodrigues da Silva, Emerson; Universidade de Caxias do Sul. School of Medicine. Department of Pediatrics. Caxias do Sul. Brasil
  • Sly, Peter David; The University of Queensland. Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute. Children's Health and Environment Program. Brisbane. Australia
  • Saldiva, Paulo Hilario; Universidade de São Paulo. School of Medicine. Department of Pathology. São Paulo. Brasil
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.);48(11): 389-395, nov. 2012. tab, graf
Article em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-106631
Biblioteca responsável: ES1.1
Localização: BNCS
RESUMEN
Antecedentes: La contaminación atmosférica se asocia a una carga sustancial para la salud humana; sin embargo, los contaminantes de mayor importancia pueden variar según el lugar. Es necesaria una monitorización adecuada para determinar el efecto de dichos contaminantes sobre la salud respiratoria. Objetivos: Este estudio se diseñó para evaluar el papel de la exposición en el exterior, en el interior y personal a los contaminantes derivados de la combustión NO2 y O3 sobre la salud respiratoria de los niños en una zona urbana económicamente poco favorecida de São Paulo (Brasil). Métodos: Se determinaron de forma continua los niveles de NO2 y O3 en el aire del exterior, el interior, y también en la exposición personal, durante 30 días con el empleo de aparatos de medición pasiva. Se evaluó la salud respiratoria con una versión en brasileño del cuestionario ISAAC. Resultados: Se dispuso de datos completos de 64 niños de 6 a 10 años de edad. La morbilidad respiratoria fue alta, con 43 (67,2%) niños en los que había habido sibilancias en alguna ocasión, 27 (42,2%) con sibilancias en el mes anterior, 17 (26,6%) con asma en alguna ocasión y 21 (32,8%) con neumonía en alguna ocasión. Las correlaciones entre los niveles de NO2 y O3 determinados en las 3 localizaciones evaluadas fueron bajas. Los niveles de NO2 en el área de interior y la exposición personal a O3 mostraron una asociación independiente con el asma (p=0,02 en ambos casos), la neumonía (O3, p=0,02) y la presencia de sibilancias en alguna ocasión (p<0,01 en ambos casos). No se observaron asociaciones entre el NO2 y el O3 del exterior y la salud respiratoria(AU)
ABSTRACT
Background: Air pollution is associated with a substantial burden on human health; however, the most important pollutants may vary with location. Proper monitoring is necessary to determine the effect of these pollutants on respiratory health. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the role of outdoor, indoor and personal exposure to combustion-related pollutants NO2 and O3 on respiratory health of children in a non-affluent urban area of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Levels of NO2 and O3 were continuously measured in outdoor and indoor air, as well as personal exposure, for 30 days using passive measurement monitors. Respiratory health was assessed with a Brazilian version of the ISAAC questionnaire. Results: Complete data were available from 64 children, aged 6-10 years. Respiratory morbidity was high, with 43 (67.2%) reporting having had wheezing at any time, 27 (42.2%) wheezing in the last month, 17 (26.6%) asthma at any time and 21 (32.8%) pneumonia at any time. Correlations between levels of NO2 and O3 measured in the three locations evaluated were poor. Levels of NO2 in indoor air and personal exposure to O3 were independently associated with asthma (both cases P=0.02), pneumonia (O3, P=0.02) and wheezing at any time (both cases P<0.01). No associations were seen between outdoor NO2 and O3 and respiratory health. Conclusions: Exposure to higher levels of NO2 and O3 was associated with increased risk for asthma and pneumonia in children. Nonetheless, the place where the pollutants are measured influences the results. The measurements taken in indoor and personal exposure were the most accurate(AU)
Assuntos
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Coleções: 06-national / ES Base de dados: IBECS Assunto principal: Pneumonia / Doenças Respiratórias / Asma / Fatores de Risco / Poluentes Atmosféricos / Poluentes Ambientais / Poluição Ambiental Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude Limite: Child / Female / Humans / Male País/Região como assunto: America do sul / Brasil Idioma: Es Revista: Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) Ano de publicação: 2012 Tipo de documento: Article
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Coleções: 06-national / ES Base de dados: IBECS Assunto principal: Pneumonia / Doenças Respiratórias / Asma / Fatores de Risco / Poluentes Atmosféricos / Poluentes Ambientais / Poluição Ambiental Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude Limite: Child / Female / Humans / Male País/Região como assunto: America do sul / Brasil Idioma: Es Revista: Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) Ano de publicação: 2012 Tipo de documento: Article