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Medical, environmental and personal factors of disability in the elderly in Spain: a screening survey based on the International Classification of Functioning / Factores médicos, ambientales y personales de discapacidad en las personas mayores en España: un estudio de detección basado en la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento
Virués-Ortega, Javier; Pedro-Cuesta, Jesús de; Del Barrio, Jose Luis; Almazan-Isla, Javier; Bergareche, Alberto; Bermejo-Pareja, Felix; Fernández-Mayoralas, Gloria; García, Francisco Jose; Garre-Olmo, Josep; Gascon-Bayarri, Jordi; Mahillo, Ignacio; Martínez-Martín, Pablo; Mateos, Raimundo; Rodríguez, Fernanda; Rojo-Pérez, Fermina; Avellanal, Fuencisla; Saz, Pedro; Seijo-Martínez, Manuel.
Afiliação
  • Virués-Ortega, Javier; Carlos III Institute of Health. National Center for Epidemiology. CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED). Madrid. Spain
  • Pedro-Cuesta, Jesús de; Carlos III Institute of Health. National Center for Epidemiology. CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED). Madrid. Spain
  • Del Barrio, Jose Luis; Carlos III Institute of Health. National Center for Epidemiology. Department of Applied Epidemiology. Madrid. Spain
  • Almazan-Isla, Javier; Carlos III Institute of Health. National Center for Epidemiology. Department of Applied Epidemiology. Madrid. Spain
  • Bergareche, Alberto; Bidasoa-Hondarribia Hospital. Donostia Hospital. Neurology Department. Guipúzcoa. Spain
  • Bermejo-Pareja, Felix; 12 de Ocutubre University Teaching Hospital. Neurology Department. Madrid. Spain
  • Fernández-Mayoralas, Gloria; Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC). Center for Human and Social Sciences. Madrid. Spain
  • García, Francisco Jose; Santiago de Compostela University Hospital. University of Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela. Spain
  • Garre-Olmo, Josep; Santa Caterina Hosptial. Dementia Unit. Gerona. Spain
  • Gascon-Bayarri, Jordi; Bellvitge University Teachig Hospital. Neurology Department. Barcelona. Spain
  • Mahillo, Ignacio; Carlos III Institute of Health. National Center for Epidemiology. Department of Applied Epidemiology. Madrid. Spain
  • Martínez-Martín, Pablo; Carlos III Institute of Health. National Center for Epidemiology. CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED). Madrid. Spain
  • Mateos, Raimundo; Santa Caterina Hospital. Dementia Unit. Gerona. Spain
  • Rodríguez, Fernanda; Carlos III Institute of Health. National Center for Epidemiology. Department of Applied Epidemiology. Madrid. Spain
  • Rojo-Pérez, Fermina; Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC). Center for Human and Social Sciences. Madrid. Spain
  • Avellanal, Fuencisla; National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health. Department of Applied Epidemiology. Madrid. Spain
  • Saz, Pedro; Zaragoza University. Department of Medicine and Psychiatry. Spain
  • Seijo-Martínez, Manuel; Hospital do Salnés. Neurology Department. Pontevedra. Spain
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.);25(supl.2): 29-38, dic. 2011. ilus, tab
Article em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-141071
Biblioteca responsável: ES1.1
Localização: BNCS
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) advocates a multifactorial and multifaceted conceptualization of disability. The objective of this study was to ascertain major medical, environmental and personal determinants of severe/extreme disability among the elderly population in Spain. The assessment scheme was consistent with the ICF model of disability. Methods: Nine populations contributed probabilistic or geographically-defined samples following a two-phase screening design. The Mini-Mental State Examination and the 12-item version of the World Health Organization-Disability Assessment Schedule, 2nd ed. (WHO-DAS II), were used as cognitive and disability screening tools, respectively. Positively screened individuals underwent clinical work-up for dementia and were administered the 36-item version of the WHO-DAS II to estimate ICF disability levels. We used logistic regression for the purposes of data combination, adjusted for age and sex in all analyses. Results: The sample was composed of 503 participants aged ≥ 75 years. Alzheimer¿s disease and depression were highly predictive of severe/extreme disability (OR: 17.40, 3.71). Good access to social services was strongly associated with a low level or absence of disability (OR: 0.05 to 0.18). Very difficult access to services and having dementia or another psychiatric disorder were associated with an increase in disability (OR: 66.06). There was also a significant interaction effect between access to services and neurological disorders (OR: 12.74). Conclusions: Disability is highly prevalent among the Spanish elderly and is influenced by medical, social and personal factors. Disability could potentially be reduced by ensuring access to social services, preventing dementia and stroke, and treating depression (AU)
RESUMEN
Objetivos: La Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, la Discapacidad y la Salud (CIF) propone un enfoque multifactorial de la discapacidad. El presente estudio analiza los principales determinantes médicos, ambientales y personales de la discapacidad grave y extrema en población anciana española siguiendo una evaluación congruente con el modelo CIF. Métodos: Nueve poblaciones aportaron muestras probabilísticas o definidas geográficamente siguiendo un diseño de cribado. Se usaron el Minimental State Examination y el World Health Organization-Disability Assessment Schedule, 2nd ed. (WHO-DAS II, 12 ítems), como cribados cognitivo y de discapacidad, respectivamente. Se evaluaron la presencia de demencia y los grados de discapacidad de la CIF usando la escala WHO-DAS II (36 ítems) entre los positivos al cribado. Los datos se combinaron usando regresión logística, ajustando por edad y sexo en todos los análisis. Resultados: Participaron 503 sujetos de 75 y más años de edad. Los individuos con enfermedad de Alzheimer y/o depresión tenían una mayor probabilidad de presentar discapacidad grave o extrema (OR: 17,40, 3,71). El acceso a los servicios sociales tuvo un efecto protector (OR: 0,05 a 0,18), mientras que el acceso «muy difícil» y la presencia de demencia u otro trastorno psiquiátrico se asociaron a un incremento de la discapacidad (OR: 66,06). Hubo una interacción significativa entre acceso a servicios y diagnóstico neurológico (OR: 12,74). Conclusiones: La discapacidad es altamente prevalente entre los ancianos españoles y está muy asociada a factores médicos, sociales y personales. La accesibilidad a los servicios sociales, la prevención de la demencia y del infarto cerebral, y el tratamiento de la depresión, pueden reducir la discapacidad entre los ancianos españoles (AU)
Assuntos
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Coleções: 06-national / ES Base de dados: IBECS Assunto principal: Meio Social / Pessoas com Deficiência Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude Limite: Aged / Humans País/Região como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) Ano de publicação: 2011 Tipo de documento: Article
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Coleções: 06-national / ES Base de dados: IBECS Assunto principal: Meio Social / Pessoas com Deficiência Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude Limite: Aged / Humans País/Região como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) Ano de publicação: 2011 Tipo de documento: Article