Acoso escolar y su relación con el consumo de drogas y trastornos alimentarios: comparación entre adolescentes de Chile y España / Bullying and its relationship with the drug use and eating disorders: a comparison between Chilean and Spanish adolescents

RESUMEN

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la asociacion entre acoso escolar, trastornos alimentarios y consumo de drogas en adolescentes de Espana y Chile. Participaron estudiantes de Educacion Secundaria y Bachillerato procedentes de Chile (n= 666) y Espana (n= 294). Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes de ambos paises que actuan como acosadores presentan un consumo de drogas significativamente mayor que los no acosadores. Por su parte, las victimas muestran un mayor riesgo de trastornos alimentarios. Siendo la fuerza de dichas asociaciones grandes y medias con base en el estimador del tamano de efecto. Por el contrario, ser acosador no se ha asociado con trastornos alimentarios, ni ser victima con consumo de drogas, salvo para el consumo de tabaco. Por su parte, mientras que los valores medios de acoso escolar son similares en ambas submuestras, los estudiantes espanoles presentan un consumo mayor de sustancias y mayor riesgo de trastornos alimentarios. En conclusion, este estudio evidencia la vinculacion entre ser acosador con consumo de drogas y ser victima de acoso escolar con trastornos alimentarios

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to analyze the association of bullying, eating disorders and drug use in adolescents from Chile and Spain. A secondary and high school sample of students (N= 960) from Chile (n= 666) and Spain (n= 294) participated in the study. Results indicate that students from both countries who act as bullies show a significant higher drug use than non-bullies. On the other hand, victims show a higher risk of eating disorders. Based on the effect size values, the strength of these associations are large and medium. On the contrary, to be a bully was not associated with eating disorders and to be a victim was not associated with drug consumption, except for tobacco use. On the other hand, while the prevalence of bullying is similar in both sub-samples, Spanish students show a higher use of substances and a higher risk of eating disorders. In conclusion, this study shows the connection between being a bully and drug use and between being a victim of bullying and eating disorders