Clima educativo hospitalario y síndrome de burnout en internos de medicina / Hospital educational climate and burnout syndrome in foundation years

RESUMEN

INTRODUCCIÓN: El clima educativo hospitalario facilita el aprendizaje significativo y depende de la percepción de los integrantes; el síndrome de burnout aparece en profesionales que trabajan de manera directa con otras personas ambos pueden influir de manera importante en la formación y desempeño de los futuros médicos. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la correlación entre el clima educativo en los hospitales y el síndrome de burnout en los internos de medicina humana de la región Lambayeque en 2018. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y observacional. La muestra estuvo constituida por todos los internos de medicina de la región Lambayeque en 2018. Se utilizó la encuesta Postgraduate hospital educational environment measurement (PHEEM) para medir el clima educativo, la Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey para el síndrome de burnout y una encuesta sociodemográfica-laboral. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que el 28% de los internos presentó síndrome de burnout. En 5 hospitales de la región Lambayeque se observó un clima educativo más positivo que negativo (PHEEM = 80-120) y solo en un hospital referencial del Ministerio de Salud hubo un clima educativo con muchos problemas (PHEEM = 40-80). Hay una correlación estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,019), inversa y baja (r = -0,19) entre el clima educativo hospitalario y el síndrome de burnout en internos de medicina de la región Lambayeque. Además, se encontró una correlación significativa de los factores sociodemográficos laborales con síndrome de burnout, inversa y baja con horas de sueño (r = -0,22 y p = 0,009) y directa y baja con horas de trabajo (r = 0,28 y p = 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: Existe una correlación baja e inversa entre clima educativo y síndrome de burnout

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:The educational hospital climate provides meaningful learning, and is dependent on the perception of its staff. Burnout syndrome appears in professionals who work directly with other people, and both can have a significant influence on the training and performance of future physicians. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation between the educational environment of hospitals and the Burnout syndrome in the Foundation of doctors in the Lambayeque region of Peru during 2018. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was conducted on a sample that consisted of all foundation year doctors from the Lambayeque region during 2018. The Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measurement (PHEEM) questionnaire was used to measure the educational climate, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey to measure burnout syndrome, as well as a socio-demographic-occupational questionnaire. RESULTS: It was found that 28% of the foundation year doctors had burnout syndrome. A more positive than negative educational climate was observed in 5 hospitals in the Lambayeque region (PHEEM = 80-120), and only in a reference hospital of the Ministry of Health there was an educational climate with many problems (PHEEM = 40-80). There was a statistically significant correlation (p = 0.019), and an inverse and low correlation (r = -0.19) between hospital educational climate and burnout syndrome in foundation year doctors in the Lambayeque region. In addition, a significant correlation was found between the sociodemographic occupational factors and burnout syndrome, inverse and low with hours of sleep (r = -0.22 and p = 0.009), and direct and low with hours of work (r = 0.28 and p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: There is a low and inverse correlation between educational climate and burnout syndrome