Impacto de una intervención educativa sobre asma en los profesores de Educación Infantil y Primaria de una zona básica de salud / Impact of an educational intervention about asthma on early childhood and primary education teachers in one health district
Pediatr. aten. prim
; 22(88): 353-360, oct.-dic. 2020. tab
Article
em Es
| IBECS
| ID: ibc-201438
Biblioteca responsável:
ES1.1
Localização: BNCS
RESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN: un adecuado conocimiento sobre asma por los profesores de los centros educativos es necesario para un correcto control de la enfermedad. OBJETIVO: determinar el impacto de una intervención educativa en el nivel de conocimientos sobre el asma y su manejo en profesores de Educación Infantil y Primaria. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio cuasiexperimental, tipo antes y después, de una intervención educativa (IE) sobre asma en profesores de centros escolares de una zona básica de salud de Valladolid. Se realizó un cuestionario previo a la intervención educativa, inmediatamente después y a los seis meses. RESULTADOS: participaron 100 docentes (69,93%) de cinco colegios. Edad media 44,2 ± 8 años (rango: 28-59). Mujeres: 82%. El nivel de conocimientos sobre asma es bajo. Identifica los principales síntomas del asma el 65% de los participantes y los desencadenantes de una crisis el 59%. No sabe si los niños con asma pueden hacer deporte de competición el 30%. Cree que una crisis no puede ser evitada durante el ejercicio el 26%. Considera el tratamiento inhalado el más eficaz el 79% y los antibióticos parte del tratamiento el 7%. Cree que el salbutamol daña el corazón el 5%. Después de la intervención educativa observamos un incremento significativo en los conocimientos sobre asma (p <0,001) y se mantiene a los seis meses. CONCLUSIONES: una intervención educativa dirigida a los profesores aumenta significativamente el nivel de conocimientos sobre el asma. Este incremento se mantiene durante al menos seis meses. Son necesarias actividades educativas y medidas organizativas sobre asma en la escuela
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: an appropriate knowledge about asthma by teachers in schools is essential for its control. OBJECTIVE: to determine the impact of an educational intervention on the knowledge of teachers about asthma and its management in the primary schools located in one health district. PATIENTS AND METHODS: quasi-experimental pre-post intervention study assessing an educational intervention aimed at improving the knowledge on asthma of teachers. A questionnaire was administered before, immediately after and 6 months after the educational intervention. RESULTS: 100 teachers (69.93%) employed in 5 schools participated in the study. The mean age was 44.2 ± 8 years (range, 28-59 years), 82% were women. We found a low level of asthma knowledge in the teaching staff. Many participants could identify the main symptoms of asthma (65%) and the main triggers (59%). Thirty percent did not know whether these students could participate in competitive sports, and 26% believed it was not possible to prevent exercise-induced asthma attacks. Seventy-nine percent knew that inhaled therapy was the best approach. Seven percent stated that antibiotics are a component of asthma treatment. Five percent believed salbutamol could damage the heart. After the educational intervention, we noticed a significant increase on asthma knowledge (p <0.001). The level of knowledge was maintained 6 months after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: educational interventions aimed at teachers significantly increase the level of asthma knowledge. This improvement is maintained for at least 6 months. Educational activities and organizational measures on asthma are necessary in the school setting
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Coleções:
06-national
/
ES
Base de dados:
IBECS
Assunto principal:
Asma
/
Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde
/
Educação em Saúde
/
35172
/
Professores Escolares
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
Es
Revista:
Pediatr. aten. prim
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article