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Evaluation of prophylaxis in primary prevention with acetylsalicylic acid in people with diabetes: A scoping review
Ruiz-García, A; Pallarés-Carratalá, V; Serrano-Cumplido, A; Escobar-Cervantes, C; Barquilla-García, A; Divisón-Garrote, J. A; Turégano-Yedro, M; Prieto-Díaz, M. A; Cinza-Sanjurjo, S; Alonso-Moreno, F. J; Beato-Fernández, P.
Afiliação
  • Ruiz-García, A; Pinto University Health Center. Family Medicine. Madrid. Spain
  • Pallarés-Carratalá, V; Health Surveillance Unit. Family Medicine. Mutual Insurance Union. Castellón. Spain
  • Serrano-Cumplido, A; Family Medicine. Bizkaia. Spain
  • Escobar-Cervantes, C; La Paz University Hospital. Cardiology Service. Madrid. Spain
  • Barquilla-García, A; Clinics of Herguijuela and Conquista de la Sierra). Trujillo Primary Care Team. Family Medicine. Cáceres. Spain
  • Divisón-Garrote, J. A; Casas Ibáñez Health Center. Fuentealbilla Clinic. Family Medicine. Albacete. Spain
  • Turégano-Yedro, M; Aldea Moret Health Center. Family Medicine. Cáceres. Spain
  • Prieto-Díaz, M. A; Vallobín – La Florida Health Center. Family Medicine. Oviedo. Spain
  • Cinza-Sanjurjo, S; Santiago de Compostela Health Area. Porto do Son Health Center. Family Medicine. Santiago de Compostela. Spain
  • Alonso-Moreno, F. J; Sillería Health Center. Family Medicine. Toledo. Spain
  • Beato-Fernández, P; Catalan Institute of Health. Premia de Mar Primary Care Center. Family Medicine. Barcelona. Spain
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) ; 48(4): 275-292, mayo - jun. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-205239
Biblioteca responsável: ES1.1
Localização: ES15.1 - BNCS
ABSTRACT

Background:

The efficacy and safety of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) prophylaxis for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) remain controversial in people with diabetes (DM) without ACVD, because the possible increased risk of major bleeding could outweigh the potential reduction in the risk of mortality and of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) considered individually or together.

Objective:

To evaluate the overall risk-benefit of ASA prophylaxis in primary prevention in people with DM and to compare the recommendations of the guidelines with the results of the meta-analyses (MA) and systematic reviews (SR). Material and

methods:

We searched Medline, Google Scholar, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for SR and MA published from 2009 to 2020 which compared the effects of ASA prophylaxis versus placebo or control followed up for at least one year in people with DM without ACVD. Heterogeneity among the randomized clinical trials (RCT) included in the SR and MA was assessed. Cardiovascular outcomes of efficacy (all-cause mortality [ACM], cardiovascular mortality [CVM], myocardial infarction [MI], stroke and MACE) and of safety (major bleeding events [MBE], major gastrointestinal bleeding events [MGIBE], and intracranial and extracranial bleeding) were shown.

Results:

The recommendations of 12 guidelines were evaluated. The results of 25 SR and MA that included a total of 20 RCT were assessed. None of the MA or SR showed that ASA prophylaxis decreased the risk of ACM, CVM or MI. Only two of the 19 SR and MA that evaluated ischemic stroke showed a decrease in the stroke risk (mean 20.0% [SD±5.7]), bordering on statistical significance. Almost half of the MA and SR showed, bordering on statistical significance, a risk reduction for the MACE composite endpoint (mean 10.5% [SD±3.3]). The significant increases in MGIBE risk ranged from 35% to 55% (AU)
RESUMEN
Antecedentes La eficacia y la seguridad de la profilaxis con ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) para la prevención primaria de la enfermedad cardiovascular arteriosclerótica (ECVA) siguen siendo controvertidas en personas con diabetes (DM) sin ECVA, ya que el posible aumento del riesgo de hemorragias graves podría superar la posible disminución del riesgo de mortalidad y de los principales episodios adversos cardiovasculares (MACE) considerados individualmente o en conjunto.

Objetivo:

Evaluar el riesgo-beneficio de la profilaxis con AAS en prevención primaria en personas con DM y comparar las recomendaciones de las guías de práctica clínica con los resultados de los metaanálisis (MA) y revisiones sistemáticas (RS). Material y

métodos:

Se realizaron búsquedas en Medline, Google Scholar, Embase y Biblioteca Cochrane de RS y MA publicados desde 2009 hasta 2020 que compararan los efectos de AAS versus placebo o control en seguimiento durante al menos un año en personas con DM sin ECVA. Se valoraron la heterogeneidad entre los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) incluidos en las RS y MA. Se mostraron los resultados cardiovasculares de eficacia (muerte por cualquier causa [MCC], muerte cardiovascular [MCV], infarto de miocardio [IM], ictus y MACE) y de seguridad (episodios hemorrágicos importantes [EHI], episodios hemorrágicos gastrointestinales importantes [EHGI], hemorragias intracraneales y extracraneales).

Resultados:

Se valoraron las recomendaciones de 12 guías de práctica clínica. Se evaluaron los resultados de 25 RS y MA que incluyeron un total de 20ECA. Ningún MA ni RS mostró que la profilaxis con AAS disminuyera el riesgo de MCC, MCV o IM. Solo dos de los 19 SR y MA que evaluaron el ictus isquémico mostraron una disminución en el riesgo de ictus (media 20,0% [DE±5,7]), rozando la significación estadística (AU)
Assuntos


Texto completo: Disponível Coleções: Bases de dados nacionais / Espanha Base de dados: IBECS Assunto principal: Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária / Doenças Cardiovasculares / Aspirina / Diabetes Mellitus Limite: Humanos Idioma: Inglês Revista: SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Artigo Instituição/País de afiliação: Aldea Moret Health Center/Spain / Casas Ibáñez Health Center/Spain / Catalan Institute of Health/Spain / Clinics of Herguijuela and Conquista de la Sierra)/Spain / Family Medicine/Spain / Health Surveillance Unit/Spain / La Paz University Hospital/Spain / Pinto University Health Center/Spain / Santiago de Compostela Health Area/Spain / Sillería Health Center/Spain

Texto completo: Disponível Coleções: Bases de dados nacionais / Espanha Base de dados: IBECS Assunto principal: Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária / Doenças Cardiovasculares / Aspirina / Diabetes Mellitus Limite: Humanos Idioma: Inglês Revista: SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Artigo Instituição/País de afiliação: Aldea Moret Health Center/Spain / Casas Ibáñez Health Center/Spain / Catalan Institute of Health/Spain / Clinics of Herguijuela and Conquista de la Sierra)/Spain / Family Medicine/Spain / Health Surveillance Unit/Spain / La Paz University Hospital/Spain / Pinto University Health Center/Spain / Santiago de Compostela Health Area/Spain / Sillería Health Center/Spain
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