Manuel Ramón de Echavarria, de enfermero a cirujano: un ejemplo de las pasarelas profesionales en la primera mitad del siglo XIX / Manuel Ramón de Echavarria, from nurse to surgeon: an example of the professional catwalks in the first half of the 19th century

RESUMEN

Objetivo principal reconstruir y contextualizar la trayectoria laboral de un enfermero y cirujano a principios del siglo XIX. Metodología: estudio fenomenológico y hermenéutico de documentación primaria y secundaria. Resultados principales nacido en 1797 y cirujano menor en 1821. Accede como enfermero al hospital de la ciudad renunciando tras tres años para examinarse de cirugía mayor. Ejercerá como cirujano en la cárcel de Vitoria simultaneándolo con otras ocupaciones para dignificar su salario. Señalado políticamente al iniciarse la guerra carlista, debe abandonar su trabajo, no volviéndosele a documentar hasta la epidemia de cólera de 1855. Fallece en 1860. Conclusión principal fue enfermero oportunistamente para acceder al hospital y acumular la experiencia exigida por el Colegio de cirugía. La cirugía no le proporcionó ventajas económicas, sino precariedad laboral común a otros cirujanos empíricos. Dependencia de contratos públicos y de vaivenes políticos sugieren la existencia a principios del siglo XIX de prácticas similares a las caciquiles de finales de siglo (AU)

ABSTRACT

Objective: to reconstruct and contextualise the working career of a nurse and surgeon at the beginning of the 19th century. Methods: phenomenological and hermeneutic study of primary and secondary documentation. Results: born in 1797 and minor surgeon in 1821. He joined the city hospital as a nurse, resigning after three years to take an examination in major surgery. He worked as a surgeon in Vitoria prison, having to combine his work with other occupations in order to earn a decent salary. He was politically targeted at the beginning of the Carlist War and had to abandon his work, and was not documented again until the cholera epidemic of 1855. He died in 1860. Conclusions: he was a nurse opportunistically in order to gain access to the hospital and accumulate the experience required by the College of Surgery. Surgery did not provide him with economic advantages, but rather the precariousness of work common to other empirical surgeons. Dependence on public contracts and political ups and downs suggest the existence at the beginning of the 19th century of practices similar to those of the caciques at the end of the century (AU)