Impacto de los factores de riesgo coronario en mujeres de edad media / Cardiovascular risk factors in mid age women with acute coronary syndromes

ABSTRACT

Background: In Chile, 40 percent of deaths due to acute myocardial infarction occur in women. Aim: To assess the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in women with acute coronary syndromes. Patients and methods: Thirty four women aged 46 to 55 years old, admitted to the hospital due to an acute coronary syndrome and 102 age matched healthy women were studied. A clinical history was obtained, blood pressure and fasting serum lipids were measured. Results: A history of high blood pressure was present in 65 and 16 percent of patients and healthy controls respectively. Seventy seven percent of patients and 36 percent of controls smoked, 76 percent of patients and 48 percent of controls were postmenopausal, 21 percent of patients an 5 percent of controls were diabetic. In patients and controls respectively serum total cholesterol was 230.1ñ36.2 and 211.2ñ34.8 mg/dl, serum triacylglycerol was 213.4ñ109.4 and 143.2ñ76.9 mg/dl and serum HDL cholesterol was 44.1ñ10.8 and 49.8ñ13.3 mg/dl (p<0.001 or less). In univariate analysis, the risk of acute coronary syndrome increased with high blood pressure (OR 9.3, CI 2.5-18.6), menopause (OR 8.3, CI 2,2-315), smoking (OR 6.9, CI 2.5-18.6), diabetes mellitus (OR 5.0, CI 1.4-17.5), a high total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio (OR 6.6, CI 1.8-12.5) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR 3.6, CI 1.5-8.5). Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension and menopause had the higher predictive values for acute coronary syndrome. Conclusions: In this group of women with acute coronary syndromes, the main coronary risk factors were high blood pressure and menopause