Epithelial Precursor Lesions and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prevalence for a Period of 10-years in the Anatomic Pathology Service of the Antonio Pedro University Hospital, Fluminense Federal University

ABSTRACT

Oral squamous cell carcinoma represents approximately 90% of all oral malignancies and in some cases can be preceded by lesions considered epithelial precursor lesions. Early diagnosis of these lesions and intervention at an early stage constitute keys to reduce mortality, morbity and expenses with oral cancer treatment. The objective of this paper is to present the prevalence of epithelial precursor lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma at the Anatomic Pathology Service of Antônio Pedro University Hospital, Fluminense Federal University in the last ten years. Considered data were sex, age, race, location, addictions, clinical and histological aspects. A total of 3,752 oral lesions were found and evaluated. The epithelial precursor lesions represented 4.23% of the oral biopsies, while the squamous cell carcinoma represented 4.21%. Leukoplakia was the most prevalent clinical aspect among the epithelial precursor lesions. The white women in their sixties were the mostaffected and the buccal mucosa was the most common anatomic localization. The most frequent histological finding was the epithelial hyperplasia without dysplasia. The squamous cell carcinoma showed up clinically as an ulceration in 80.3% of the cases. The white men in their sixties were the most affected. The tongue was the most affected area. In relation to the histological classification, the most frequent type was the moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The patientswith epithelial precursor lesions and with squamous cell carcinoma were smokers in its majority.