Resistência de bactérias isoladas em equipamentos em unidade de terapia intensiva / Resistance of bacteria isolated from equipment in an intensive care unit

RESUMO

Objetivo: Avaliar a resistência microbiana a medicamentos de bactérias isoladas de equipamentos próximos aos pacientes da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal. As amostras foram coletadas com swabs umedecidos em Trypticase Soy Broth, semeados posteriormente em Ágar Sangue de Carneiro e MacConkey. A identificação fenotípica ocorreu com base na morfologia das cepas e resultados bioquímicos. A análise da resistência aos medicamentos foi baseada no método de disco-difusão de Kirby-Bauer. Resultados Apresentaram-se contaminados 94,4% dos equipamentos analisados. Os microrganismos isolados mais frequentes foram Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas sp. Cerca de 75% de Acinetobacter sp. apresentaram resistência à piperacilina associada a tazobactam, meropenem e levofloxacina. Da mesma forma, 36,3% de S. aureus apresentaram-se resistentes à oxacilina e 10% dos isolados de Pseudomonas sp. foram resistentes aos medicamentos testados. Conclusão A maioria dos isolados apresentaram elevadas taxas de resistência microbiana aos medicamentos.

ABSTRACT

Objective: Evaluate drug resistance of bacteria isolated from equipment placed close to patients in an Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in Caruaru/Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. The samples were collected with swabs moistened with Trypticase Soy Broth, which were then cultured in sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar. The phenotypic identification performed was based on the morphology of the strains and biochemical results. The drugs resistance analysis was based on Kirby-Bauer’s Disk Diffusion protocol. Results A rate of 94.4% of the analyzed equipment was contaminated. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp. Just about 75% of Acinetobacter sp. was resistant to piperacillin associated to tazobactam, meropenem and levofloxacin. Similarly, 36.3% of S. aureus showed resistance to oxacillin and 10% of Pseudomonas sp. was resistant to the drugs tested. Conclusion Most of the microorganisms presented high levels of resistance to the drugs.