Detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in primary health care: role of spirometry and respiratory symptoms.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of spirometry and respiratory symptoms in the detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in primary health care. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: A primary health centre in Landskrona, southern Sweden. SUBJECTS: 164 subjects who in 1992 had answered a postal questionnaire concerning obstructive pulmonary diseases and respiratory symptoms. They were aged 45-64 years, with a mean of 55 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In 1997, the subjects were invited to perform a spirometry and a medical examination and to answer the same questionnaire as in 1992. Subjects with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) < 85% of the predicted normal value performed reversibility tests. RESULTS: 131 subjects participated in the examinations. 15 subjects (11.5%) were diagnosed as having COPD. Only three of them had been previously diagnosed as having a respiratory disease. Many commonly occurring respiratory symptoms were associated with a reduction in FEV1. CONCLUSIONS: Spirometry examinations in primary health care improve the probability of detecting COPD. A spirometry examination should be considered for patients with respiratory symptoms. It should also be considered for middle-aged smokers, even if they are symptom-free.