Development of acute psychotic disorders and HIV-1 infection.
Int J Psychiatry Med
; 30(2): 173-83, 2000.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-11001280
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To gain more understanding about the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and new-onset psychosis, we compared clinical and immunological findings, psychiatric symptoms, global cognitive performance and, when available, computerized tomography (CT) findings between HIV-1-seropositive patients with new-onset psychosis and well-matched nonpsychotic HIV-1-seropositives.METHODS:
Two groups ofsubjects:
HIV-1-seropositives with new-onset psychosis (n = 12) and HIV-1-seropositives without psychosis (n = 15) were recruited through outpatient departments. Organic Delusional Syndrome and Organic Hallucinosis were clinically diagnosed using DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria. Of the baseline participants, twenty-two participated in the two-year follow-up examination.RESULTS:
The prevalence of new-onset psychosis in HIV-1-infected subjects was 3.7 per 100 (95% C.I. = 1.6-5.7). HIV-1-seropositive persons with new-onset psychosis had more frequently a positive past psychiatric history, no antiretroviral therapy, and a lower global cognitive performance than did the nonpsychotic HIV-1-seropositives. CT was positive, showing generalized brain atrophy, in three out of nine patients. Remission of psychotic symptoms was observed only in two HIV-1-seropositive persons with new-onset psychosis. Death occurred in two psychic HIV-1-seropositives with simple loosely held delusions. Autopsy results showed that cortical sulci and ventricle size were graded as with moderate/severe enlargement.CONCLUSIONS:
New-onset psychosis in HIV infected patients could raise considerable problems in deciding whether a presentation is organic or functional. An interaction of the disease or of psychologically "having" the disease with the presence of a psychotic reaction should also be considered. Interestingly, a protective effect of antiretroviral therapy for new-onset psychosis is suggested.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Antivirais
/
Transtornos Psicóticos
/
Encéfalo
/
Infecções por HIV
/
Inibidores da Protease de HIV
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Psychiatry Med
Ano de publicação:
2000
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Itália