Psychopharmacology of personality disorders: review and emerging issues.

ABSTRACT

Progress with the development of models and general principles of psychopharmacologic management of personality disordered patients is reviewed. Recent research using mood stabilizers and novel antipsychotics are discussed. The effects of these medications on impulsive aggressiveness are supported and the effects are evident early and are independent of the effects on mood, including depression. Research is needed with other personality disorders beyond just borderline personality disorder. Future research must develop measurable outcomes and delineate the causal and temporal relationships between the psychopathologic features of personality disorders.