[Heart and sports: modifications of electrocardiogram, late potentials and echocardiography. Study of 75 sportsmen and 46 witnesses]. / Coeur du sportif: modifications électriques et échocardiographiques au repos. Etude de 75 sportifs et de 45 témoins.

ABSTRACT

The authors report the results of prospective study, which compared 75 sports subjects and 45 witnesses. All subjects were male, the differentiating parameter being the type of sport practiced. This work analysed surface Electrocardiogramme, thransthoracic echocardiography and high amplification ECG. The statistical study used the student test t compare means and the Chi2 test for the percentages, the signification limit was fixed to 5%. Clinically, our two series didn't show a significant statistical difference, concerning age, weight, height or arterial pressure. On the electrocardiographical level, the sport's men have a lower cardiac frequency (p = 0.005), a larger PR space (p = 0.05), an important Sokolow parameter (p < 0.005), and repolarisation disorders represented, essentially by negative T waves (p = 0.02) and an upper movement of ST segment in V2-V3 (p < 0.005). Echocardiography showed a dilatation of the right cavities right auricular (p = 0.0125) and right ventricular (p = 0.025). Move over, it has been showed that the sport's men left ventricular walls were tabor (septal wall, p = 0.0125), (posterior wall, p = 0.025), despite a difference in the values of the left ventricular telediastolic diameter (4 mm average in the two series). The signification limit was not reached and it was also showed that the left auricular was also dilated (p = 0.025). The study of the delayed Potentials, tried to bring an explication to certain sudden deaths of sport's men which are to date unexplained and which could have a rhythmical origin? It is also to be noted that sport's men present more delayed ventricular Potentials. However, the statistical signification was not reached (p = 0.07).