Bone mineral status in children with cow milk allergy.

ABSTRACT

To investigate bone mineral status in children with verified cow milk allergy for more than 4 yr compared with a large reference population of 343 local healthy controls. Whole body bone mineral content (BMC), projected bone area and bone mineral density (BMD) were determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in nine children (8-17 yr old, one girl and eight boys). All children had cow milk allergy for more than 4 yr. All children had asthma and was treated with corticosteroids. BMC and BMD were reduced for age (p < 0.01). Height for age was significantly reduced (p < 0.01), indicating 'short' bones. BMC for bone area was borderline reduced (p = 0.05), indicating reduced bone mineralization. The growth of the children was reduced compared with there parents and siblings (p < 0.01), and the bone age was retarded (mean 1.4 yr, p < 0.01). Calcium consumption calculated from food intake was about 25% of the recommended. All laboratory tests were normal. Short bones were the main reason for reduced BMC and BMD for age in children with cow milk allergy, but a borderline low BMC for bone area indicated reduced bone mineralization of the bones. A supplementation of calcium to children with cow milk allergy is recommended.