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Small-scale, hydrogen-oxidizing-denitrifying bioreactor for treatment of nitrate-contaminated drinking water.
Smith, Richard L; Buckwalter, Seanne P; Repert, Deborah A; Miller, Daniel N.
Afiliação
  • Smith RL; Department of the Interior, Water Resources Division, US Geological Survey, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. rlsmith@usgs.gov
Water Res ; 39(10): 2014-23, 2005 May.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15890383
ABSTRACT
Nitrate removal by hydrogen-coupled denitrification was examined using flow-through, packed-bed bioreactors to develop a small-scale, cost effective system for treating nitrate-contaminated drinking-water supplies. Nitrate removal was accomplished using a Rhodocyclus sp., strain HOD 5, isolated from a sole-source drinking-water aquifer. The autotrophic capacity of the purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacterium made it particularly adept for this purpose. Initial tests used a commercial bioreactor filled with glass beads and countercurrent, non-sterile flow of an autotrophic, air-saturated, growth medium and hydrogen gas. Complete removal of 2 mM nitrate was achieved for more than 300 days of operation at a 2-h retention time. A low-cost hydrogen generator/bioreactor system was then constructed from readily available materials as a water treatment approach using the Rhodocyclus strain. After initial tests with the growth medium, the constructed system was tested using nitrate-amended drinking water obtained from fractured granite and sandstone aquifers, with moderate and low TDS loads, respectively. Incomplete nitrate removal was evident in both water types, with high-nitrite concentrations in the bioreactor output, due to a pH increase, which inhibited nitrite reduction. This was rectified by including carbon dioxide in the hydrogen stream. Additionally, complete nitrate removal was accomplished with wastewater-impacted surface water, with a concurrent decrease in dissolved organic carbon. The results of this study using three chemically distinct water supplies demonstrate that hydrogen-coupled denitrification can serve as the basis for small-scale remediation and that pilot-scale testing might be the next logical step.
Assuntos
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Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Abastecimento de Água / Reatores Biológicos / Hidrogênio / Nitratos / Nitritos Idioma: En Revista: Water Res Ano de publicação: 2005 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos
Buscar no Google
Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Abastecimento de Água / Reatores Biológicos / Hidrogênio / Nitratos / Nitritos Idioma: En Revista: Water Res Ano de publicação: 2005 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos