Factors affecting the management of outcome in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction particularly with regard to reperfusion. Data from the French regional RICO survey.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in elderly patients is often unrecognized and associated with poor prognosis. OBJECTIVES: To investigate management and efficacy of reperfusion therapy to the elderly patients with AMI. METHODS: From the January 1, 2001 to October 31, 2002, 964 patients with AMI were included in the French regional RICO survey. The patients were divided into three groups younger (<70 years old), elderly (70-79 years old) and very elderly (>or=80 years old). RESULTS: Distribution of groups was 56, 27, and 16%, respectively. The longest time delay to first request for medical attention was found in the very elderly group (30 and 55 vs. 90 min, respectively, p < 0.05). Rate of lysis fell significantly with increasing age (35, 22 and 9%, respectively, p < 0.001) but the time delay to lysis was similar for the 3 groups. The proportion of patients who benefited from primary percutaneaous transluminal coronary angioplasty decreased with age (21, 15, 11%, respectively, p < 0.001), but time delay to balloon angioplasty was similar and no difference in mortality rate was observed between the three groups after reperfusion. The incidence of in-hospital cardiovascular events (cardiogenic shock and recurrent myocardial infarction/ischemia) and in-hospital mortality increased with age (5, 13, 17%, respectively, p < 0.001). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that only ejection fraction and Killip >1 were independent predictive factors for in-hospital cardiovascular mortality, respectively (OR 5.15, 95% CI 2.08-12.74, p < 0.0001 and OR 3.81, 95% CI 1.90-7.65, p < 0.0001), whereas age, sex, diabetes and anterior location were not significant. CONCLUSION: Our data in an unselected population indicate that very elderly patients were characterized by increased pre-hospital delays and less frequent utilization of reperfusion therapy, although no difference in the mortality in reperfused patients could be observed between the three age groups.