Immunomodulatory effects of mono-, di-, and trimethylphenols in mice.
Toxicology
; 232(1-2): 132-7, 2007 Mar 22.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-17224229
ABSTRACT
The relationship of air pollutants with the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases is a matter of concern in developed countries. In this study, the immunomodulatory effects of mono-, di-, and trimethylphenols in mice were examined as regards two aspects. First, whether or not these chemicals act as sensitizers was evaluated by local lymph node assay. Of the 13 methylphenols tested, three dimethylphenol isomers (2,4-DMP, 2,5-DMP, and 3,4-DMP) were found to induce auricular lymphocyte proliferation after dermal application on both ears of mice. Cytokine production patterns in the supernatants of cultured auricular lymphocytes from mice showed these methylphenols to be contact sensitizers. Second, the effects of methylphenols on cytokine production profiles were examined using cultured splenocytes from immunologically naive mice. Under subtoxic conditions, eight methylphenols inhibited interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production significantly, while the effect on intreluekin-4 (IL-4) production was moderate, resulting in higher IL-4/IFN-gamma ratios in all of the tested chemicals, with the most prominent effect shown by 2,6-DMP. These results suggest that several methylphenols, especially dimethylphenol isomers, have potencies that affect the immune system, being immunogens themselves or modulators of the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Fenóis
/
Baço
/
Xilenos
/
Fatores Imunológicos
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Toxicology
Ano de publicação:
2007
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Japão