Service utilization and associated direct costs for bipolar disorder in 2004: an analysis in managed care.
J Affect Disord
; 101(1-3): 187-93, 2007 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-17254637
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Bipolar disorder is a chronic and costly condition. This analysis examines health care costs associated with bipolar disorder in 2004 and contrasts them with those for depression, a better understood mental illness.METHODS:
Health care costs associated with bipolar disorder and non-bipolar depression were determined using private payer administrative claims. Individuals having 2 claims with a primary ICD-9-CM code for bipolar disorder or depression were categorized as bipolar disorder or non-bipolar depression patients, respectively. Comparisons between patient groups were adjusted for demographic differences and comorbid diagnoses.RESULTS:
On average, bipolar patients (n=6072) used significantly more psychiatric resources per person than depression patients (n=60,643), and had more mean psychiatric hospital days, psychiatric and medical emergency room visits, and psychiatric office visits (p<.001 for all). Bipolar patients were slightly less likely to be treated with antidepressants, but substantially more likely to be treated with antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, lithium, and benzodiazepines (p<.001 for all). Mean direct per-patient costs were $10,402 for bipolar patients and $7494 for depression patients (p<.001), with the primary differences observed for psychiatric medication ($1641 vs. $507) and psychiatric hospitalization ($1187 vs. $241).LIMITATIONS:
Patients were categorized based on diagnostic codes in administrative claims data, which may not always be accurate. Results may not generalize beyond private payer populations in the US.CONCLUSIONS:
Bipolar disorder is associated with significantly greater per-patient total annual health care costs than non-bipolar depression, as well as significantly greater psychiatric costs. Bipolar disorder, a chronic condition often suboptimally treated, may represent a good target for disease-management programs.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtorno Bipolar
/
Programas de Assistência Gerenciada
/
Custos de Cuidados de Saúde
/
Serviços de Saúde Mental
Tipo de estudo:
Health_economic_evaluation
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Affect Disord
Ano de publicação:
2007
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos