Efficacy, duration, and onset of immunogenicity of a West Nile virus vaccine, live Flavivirus chimera, in horses with a clinical disease challenge model.
Equine Vet J
; 39(6): 491-7, 2007 Nov.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-18065305
ABSTRACT
REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY West Nile virus (WNF) is a Flavivirus responsible for a life-threatening neurological disease in man and horses. Development of improved vaccines against Flavivirus infections is therefore important. OBJECTIVES:
To establish that a single immunogenicity dose of live Flavivirus chimera (WN-FV) vaccine protects horses from the disease and it induces a protective immune response, and to determine the duration of the protective immunity.METHODS:
Clinical signs were compared between vaccinated (VACC) and control (CTRL) horses after an intrathecal WNV challenge given at 10 or 28 days, or 12 months post vaccination.RESULTS:
Challenge of horses in the immunogenicity study at Day 28 post vaccination resulted in severe clinical signs of WNV infection in 10/10 control (CTRL) compared to 1/20 vaccinated (VACC) horses (P<0.01). None of the VACC horses developed viraemia and minimal histopathology was noted. Duration of immunity (DPI) was established at 12 months post vaccination. Eight of 10 CTRL exhibited severe clinical signs of infection compared to 1 of 9 VACC horses (P<0.05). There was a significant reduction in the occurrence of viraemia and histopathology lesion in VACC horses relative to CTRL horses. Horses challenged at Day 10 post vaccination experienced moderate or severe clinical signs of WNV infection in 3/3 CTRL compared to 5/6 VACC horses (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:
This novel WN-FV chimera vaccine generates a protective immune response to WNV infection in horses that is demonstrated 10 days after a single vaccination and lasts for up to one year. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE This is the first USDA licensed equine WNV vaccine to utilise a severe challenge model that produces the same WNV disease observed under field conditions to obtain a label claim for prevention of viraemia and aid in the prevention of WNV disease and encephalitis with a duration of immunity of 12 months.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Febre do Nilo Ocidental
/
Vírus do Nilo Ocidental
/
Vacinas Atenuadas
/
Vacinas contra o Vírus do Nilo Ocidental
/
Doenças dos Cavalos
/
Anticorpos Antivirais
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Equine Vet J
Ano de publicação:
2007
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos