Tipping the balance: antagonism of PKR kinase and ADAR1 deaminase functions by virus gene products.
J Interferon Cytokine Res
; 29(9): 477-87, 2009 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-19715457
ABSTRACT
The protein kinase regulated by RNA (PKR) and the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR1) are interferon-inducible enzymes that play important roles in biologic processes including the antiviral actions of interferons, signal transduction, and apoptosis. PKR catalyzes the RNA-dependent phosphorylation of protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 alpha, thereby leading to altered translational patterns in interferon-treated and virus-infected cells. PKR also modulates signal transduction responses, including the induction of interferon. ADAR1 catalyzes the deamination of adenosine (A) to generate inosine (I) in RNAs with double-stranded character. Because I is recognized as G instead of A, A-to-I editing by ADAR1 can lead to genetic recoding and altered RNA structures. The importance of PKR and ADAR1 in innate antiviral immunity is illustrated by a number of viruses that encode either RNA or protein viral gene products that antagonize PKR and ADAR1 enzymatic activity, localization, or stability.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções por Vírus de RNA
/
Vírus de RNA
/
Adenosina Desaminase
/
EIF-2 Quinase
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Interferon Cytokine Res
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2009
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos