Chromosomal assignment of three human melanocyte-specific genes.

To identify genes expressed in normal human melanocytes but not in malignant melanomas, we previously applied subtractive cDNA hybridization combined with PCR amplification, which led to the isolation of several human melanocyte-enriched partial cDNAs. Three of these cDNA clones were used to isolate their corresponding genomic clones. The chromosomal location of each of the three genes encoded by the individual genomic clones was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The first gene mapped to human chromosome 3p14, the second gene to chromosome 19q13.1, and the third to 2p16-14. In addition, RNase A protection and in situ hybridization analyses documented expression of the gene, located on 3p14, in normal human melanocytes but not in malignant melanomas.