Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in natalizumab-associated PML.
Neurology
; 77(11): 1061-7, 2011 Sep 13.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21832229
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To study the outcome of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and with natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).METHODS:
MedWatch reports from Biogen-Idec (manufacturer of natalizumab, Tysabri(®)) were reviewed which comprised all 42 cases of natalizumab-related PML cases since its reintroduction until March 2010.RESULTS:
All except 2 patients with natalizumab-related PML were managed by discontinuation of natalizumab and plasmapheresis/immunoadsorption (PLEX/IA). Seventeen patients had contrast enhancement of PML lesions on neuroimaging at the time of diagnosis before withdrawal/removal of natalizumab (early-PML-IRIS) and 23 patients developed contrast enhancement only after withdrawal/removal of natalizumab (late-PML-IRIS). All patients developed IRIS. IRIS was defined as worsening of neurologic deficits during the immune reconstitution following discontinuation of natalizumab, corroborated by inflammatory changes on neuroimaging. Following PLEX/IA, JC viral load in CSF increased by >10 fold in those with early-PML-IRIS but <2 fold in late-PML-IRIS. IRIS developed earlier and was more severe in early-PML-IRIS (p < 0.05). At the last follow-up, all patients had worse EDSS scores but this was higher in patients with early-PML-IRIS compared to those with late-PML-IRIS (p > 0.05). Mortality was comparable between the 2 groups, 29.4 ± 11% vs 21.7 ± 8.8%. Corticosteroid therapy during IRIS was associated with better Expanded Disability Status Scale outcome, p < 0.05.CONCLUSION:
Early immunologic rebound in natalizumab-associated PML has worse survival and neurologic outcome. PLEX/IA may accelerate IRIS and its impact on the final outcome is unclear. Corticosteroid therapy provides a modest benefit and needs to be systemically studied in a controlled manner in the management of natalizumab-associated PML-IRIS.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Leucoencefalopatia Multifocal Progressiva
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Síndrome Inflamatória da Reconstituição Imune
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Anticorpos Monoclonais
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Neurology
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos