Cochlear implantation and congenital deafness: perceptive and lexical results in 2 genetically pediatric identified population.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perceptive and linguistic results in 2 predefined genetic population of children with implants. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Otolaryngology department of a tertiary referral hospital. PATIENTS Among 336 children with prelingual deafness who underwent implantation in our department between 1997 and 2007, 85 with GJB2 gene-related (Cx) deafness and 30 patients with Waardenburg syndrome (WaardS) were included. Mean age at implantation was 4.7 years (range, 15 mo to 16.5 yr) in the Cx group and 4.8 years (range, 16 mo to 16 yr) in the WaardS group. The mean follow-up period was 6.5 years (range, 19 mo to 12 yr) in the Cx group and 7.1 years (range, 27 mo to 13.5 yr) in the WaardS group. More than 75% of the families in both groups scored 4 and 5 when using the Mary Pat Moeller rating (p > 0.05). A psychoneurological evaluation was performed in one third of the patients in both groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients underwent linguistic and perceptive evaluations at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months speech perception with closed-set and open-set words, speech production (Level 1 = vocalizations to Level 5 = complex sentences), and lexical comprehension with EVIP/GaelP (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test) tests that ranged in 5 levels (-2 SD to +2 SD). RESULTS: Score results for open-set words were 38.5%, 57.5%, 69%, and 75% in the Cx group and 30.5%, 59%, 67.5%, and 78% in the WaardS group (p > 0.05) at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months. The proportion of children in Levels 4 and 5 of speech production was 27%, 42%, 57.5%, and 58% in the Cx group and 23%, 33%, 55%, and 66% in the WaardS group (p > 0.05). Lexical result at Level -2 SD at 1 year was 90% in the Cx group and 85% in the WaardS group and that at 4 years was 70% in the Cx group and 65% in the WaardS group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Perceptive and linguistic evolutions for both populations were of good quality, but lexical evaluation showed residual language difficulties in both groups.