Thyroid hormone receptors in health and disease.
Minerva Endocrinol
; 37(4): 291-304, 2012 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23235186
ABSTRACT
Thyroid hormones (TH) play a key role in energy homeostasis throughout life. Thyroid hormone production and secretion by the thyroid gland is regulated via the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)-axis. Thyroid hormone has to be transported into the cell, where it can bind to the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) in the nucleus to exert its effect on cellular gene-transcription. Mutations in both the THRA and THRB gene have been described, each inducing a characteristic phenotype clearly showing the selective effect of an excess or shortage of thyroid hormone in specific TRα and TRß regulated organs. Profound changes in thyroid hormone metabolism occur during a variety of non-thyroidal illnesses, each associated with reduced TR expression in a tissue-specific manner. However, thyroid hormone action at the tissue level during illness is not a simple reflection of the extent of TR expression as illness has additional differential effects on local thyroid hormone availability in various organs.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Receptores dos Hormônios Tireóideos
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Minerva Endocrinol
Ano de publicação:
2012
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Holanda
País de publicação:
IT
/
ITALIA
/
ITALY
/
ITÁLIA